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  • Polymorphism  (6)
  • Microsatellites  (4)
  • electrodeposition  (3)
  • Springer  (13)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • 2000-2004  (13)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (13)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structured diffuse scattering, displacive flexibility and polymorphism in Ba-hexacelsian (2000)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 27 (2000), S. 194-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Keywords: Key words Hexacelsian ; Polymorphism ; Diffuse distribution ; Dynamical disorder ; Correlated tetrahedral rotation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract  The results of a temperature-dependent electron diffraction study of the low frequency modes of distortion of Ba-hexacelsian and their relationship to the α-β polymorphic phase transition therein are presented. Cs- and Rb-doped Ba-hexacelsian specimens are also investigated. An extremely strong and characteristic diffuse intensity distribution in the form of polarized sheets of diffuse intensity perpendicular to the 〈1 1 0〉 directions is found for the high temperature polymorph and the doped specimens. The diffuse distribution appears to result from coupled tetrahedral rotation of 〈1 1 0〉 columns of corner-connected (Al,Si)O4 tetrahedra about the [0 0 1] axis (uncorrelated from column to column as a result of the positioning of the rotation axes).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002690050007
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrodeposition of cohesive carbon films on aluminum in a LiCl–KCl–K2CO3 melt (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 30 (2000), S. 571-574 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: aluminum electrode ; carbon film ; electrodeposition ; molten salt
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Electrodeposition of carbon on an aluminum electrode was studied in a LiCl–KCl–K2CO3 melt. A cyclic voltammogram for an aluminum electrode indicates that the cathodic current is due to the reduction of CO3 2− ions. Carbon films on aluminum substrates were obtained by potentiostatic electrolysis, and the cohesiveness of the films depended on the potential. SEM observations showed that the morphology of the deposited carbon film depends on the electrolytic conditions. Raman spectroscopy, XPS and XAES measurement showed that the film consisted of carbon in the sp2 state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003927100308
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrowinning of tellurium from alkaline leach liquor of cemented Te (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 30 (2000), S. 315-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: alkaline leach liquor ; cemented Te ; electrodeposition ; electrowinning ; tellurium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The electrochemical behaviour of tellurium in 2.5 M NaOH solution was studied for the recovery of tellurium from alkaline leach liquor of cemented Te using steady state polarization and cyclic voltammetry. The deposition characteristics and the potential range for a stable deposit of tellurium were also investigated. The morphology of deposited Te in alkaline solution showed a very porous nature and needlelike radial growth. The potential range for stable electrodeposition was between −0.8 V and −0.95 V (vs Hg/HgO electrode), but electrowinning could be carried out at more negative potentials due to the disproportionation reaction of Te2 2−. Laboratory-scale electrowinning experiments were performed under different operating voltages, temperatures and initial Te concentrations. The current efficiency was about 85–90% for 50% recovery and about 50–60% for 90% recovery. The purity of electrodeposited Te was higher than 99.95%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003867821601
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of association between atopic asthma and polymorphisms of the histamine H1 receptor, histamine H2 receptor, and histamine N-methyltransferase genes (2000)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 51 (2000), S. 238-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words Histamine H1 receptor ; Histamine H2 receptor ; Histamine N-methyltransferase ; Polymorphism ; Atopic asthma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050037
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The impact of the CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotypes on venlafaxine pharmacokinetics in a Japanese population (2000)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 56 (2000), S. 175-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words CYP2D6 ; CYP2C19 ; Polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The cytochrome P 450 isozymes CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 exhibit genetic polymorphism in human, including a marked interethnic difference. As the functional status of the isozymes CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 have an impact on the pharmacokinetics of some antidepressants, we investigated whether the disposition of venlafaxine was affected by the CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotypes. Methods: Twenty-eight adult Japanese men in good health participated in this study. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral lymphocytes, and the CYP2D6 genotype was determined using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis and XbaI-RFLP analysis. Subjects were categorized into the following four groups: group 1 CYP2D6*10/*10; group 2 CYP2D6*1/*10 and *2/*10; group 3 CYP2D6*1/*1, *1/*2 and *2/*2; and group 4 the other genotypes. Two defective CYP2C19 alleles (CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3) were identified by means of PCR-RFLP analysis. Venlafaxine was administered orally following an overnight fast. Plasma concentrations of venlafaxine and O-desmethylvenlafaxine were monitored using high-performance liquid chromatography up to 24 h. Results: The peak plasma concentration and values of area under the concentration–time curve up to 24 h for venlafaxine were 298% and 453% higher for group 1 than group 3, and 91% and 120% higher for group 2 than for group 3, respectively. The homozygote for two defective alleles of CYP2C19 showed a higher concentration of venlafaxine within group 1 and group 2. Conclusion: The CYP2D6*10 allele and two CYP2C19 defective alleles, common in an Asian population, are the most likely genetic factors to use in determining interindividual differences in the pharmacokinetics of venlafaxine, although the results with respect to CYP2C19 are preliminary because of the few subjects used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050737
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natural selection causing microsatellite divergence in wild emmer wheat at the ecologically variable microsite at Ammiad, Israel (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 985-999 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Natural selection ; Microecological diversity ; Microsatellites ; Adaptation ; T. dicoccoides ; Wild emmer wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Genetic diversity at 28 microsatellite loci was studied in a natural population of Triticum dicoccoides at the Ammiad microsite, north of the Sea of Galilee, Israel. This microsite was subdivided into four major habitats, North, Valley, Ridge and Karst, and further subdivided into nine subhabitats. The units thus defined showed strong and highly significant differentiation in ecological factors; in particular with respect to cover, proximity and height of rocks, and surface soil moisture after early rains. The results showed that allele distributions at microsatellite loci were nonrandom and associated with habitats. Significant genetic differentiation and variation in repeat number were found among subpopulations in the four major habitats and nine subhabitats. Habitat-specific and -unique alleles and linkage disequilibria were observed in the Karst subpopulation. The subpopulations dwelling in drier habitats and subhabitats showed higher genetic diversities at microsatellite loci. These results suggest that natural selection, presumably through aridity stress, acts upon microsatellite divergence predominantly on noncoding sequences, thereby contributing to differences in fitness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051380
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of genetic diversity within and among germplasm accessions in cultivated sorghum using microsatellite markers (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 918-925 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Core collection ; Genetic diversity ; Germplasm ; Microsatellites ; Sorghum ; SSR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Microsatellite markers are increasingly being used in crop plants to discriminate among genotypes and as tools in marker-assisted selection. Here we evaluated the use of microsatellite markers to quantify the genetic diversity within as well as among accessions sampled from the world germplasm collection of sorghum. Considerable variation was found at the five microsatellite loci analysed, with an average number of alleles per locus equal to 2.4 within accessions and 19.2 in the overall sample of 25 accessions. The collection of sorghum appeared highly structured genetically with about 70% of the total genetic diversity occurring among accessions. However, differentiation among morphologically defined races of sorghum, or among geographic origins, accounted for less than 15% of the total genetic diversity. Our results are in global agreement with those obtained previously with allozyme markers. We were also able to show that microsatellite data are useful in identifying individual accessions with a high relative contribution to the overall allelic diversity of the collection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051371
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of self-pollinated progenies as ’in-groups’ for the genetic characterization of cocoa germplasm (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 160-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Theobroma cacao ; ISSR PCR ; Microsatellites ; Germplasm ; Genebank maintenance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Theobroma cacao ) genotypes. Six primers were sufficient to distinguish all but three pairs of the 62 accessions examined. A UPGMA dendrogram was used to provide a measure of the genetic variability between genotypes. The scale was supplied by the inclusion of Theobroma grandiflora as an ’out group’ and also by the use of two contrasting progenies as ’in groups’. The ’in groups’ were obtained from the self-pollination of one plant (SPEC 54.1) known to be highly homozygous and also of a second, highly heterozygous, clone (P 19B). These reference points allowed several documentation errors to be resolved and provided a basis for identifying unwanted or low-priority material. Implications of the work for the routine maintenance of large germplasm collections are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00002903
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development, inheritance and cross-species amplification of microsatellite markers from Acacia mangium (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 1282-1290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Acacia mangium ; Microsatellites ; Simple sequence repeats ; Genome mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Microsatellite markers were developed in Acacia mangium Willd. to provide highly variable co-dominant markers for linkage mapping and studies of the breeding system. After an enrichment procedure 40% of colonies contained microsatellites in contrast with less than 1% from a non-enriched library. The majority of microsatellite sequences were AC repeats. Co-dominant segregation of alleles in two full-sib crosses of A. mangium was demonstrated at 33 microsatellite loci. The markers were highly variable relative to restriction fragment lengths polymorphisms (RFLPs). In the two pedigrees 53% of microsatellite loci were fully informative compared with 15% of RFLPs. Based on alleles detected among four parental genotypes, the microsatellites consisting of dinucleotide repeats were more polymorphic than those with tri- and tetra-nucleotide repeats. The microsatellite markers were not as transferable across species in the genus Acacia as RFLPs. Two thirds of the primers developed in A. mangium (subgenus Phyllodineae, section Juliflorae) amplified DNA from other species within the same section but failed to amplify in species from the subgenus Acacia. The availability of multiallelic, PCR-based, co-dominant microsatellite loci makes possible efficient studies of gene flow and breeding systems in A. mangium, a species with low allozyme variation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051608
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of electrostatic forces in pollination (2000)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 222 (2000), S. 133-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Electric charges ; electrodeposition ; electrostatic pollination ; electrostatic powder coating ; flower morphology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This paper reviews research on the role of electrostatic forces in pollination, both in natural and in agricultural systems. Researchers from various fields of biological studies have reported phenomena which they related to electrostatic forces. The theory of electrostatically mediated pollen transfer between insect pollinators and the flowers they visit is described, including recent studies which confirmed that the accumulated charges on airborne honey bees are sufficient for non-contact pollen detachment by electrostatic forces (i.e., electrostatic pollination). The most important morphological features in flower adaptiveness to electrostatic pollination were determined by means of two theoretical models of a flower exposed to an approaching charged cloud of pollen; they are style length and flower opening. Supplementary pollination by using electrostatic techniques is reported, and its possible importance in modern agriculture is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984099
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