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  • Springer  (2)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • American Physical Society
  • Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
  • Springer Nature
  • 2000-2004  (2)
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Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Kinetic Model of Coronal Heating and Acceleration by Ion-Cyclotron Waves: Preliminary Results (2000)
    Springer
    Solar physics 193 (2000), S. 247-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We present a kinetic model of the heating and acceleration of coronal protons by outward-propagating ion-cyclotron waves on open, radial magnetic flux tubes. In contrast to fluid models which typically insist on bi-Maxwellian distributions and which spread the wave energy and momentum over the entire proton population, this model follows the kinetic evolution of the collisionless proton distribution function in response to the combination of the resonant wave-particle interaction and external forces. The approximation is made that pitch-angle scattering by the waves is faster than all other processes, resulting in proton distributions which are uniform over the resonant surfaces in velocity space. We further assume, in this preliminary version, that the waves are dispersionless so these resonant surfaces are portions of spheres centered on the radial sum of the Alfvén speed and the proton bulk speed. We incorporate the fact that only those protons with radial speeds less than the bulk speed will be resonant with outward-propagating waves, so this rapid interaction acts only on the sunward half of the distribution. Despite this limitation, we find that the strong perpendicular heating of the resonant particles, coupled with the mirror force, results in substantial outward acceleration of the entire distribution. The proton distribution evolves towards an incomplete shell in velocity space, and appears vastly different from the distributions assumed in fluid models. Evidence of these distinctive distributions should be observable by instruments on Solar Probe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005253706166
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physics of Mass Loaded Plasmas (2000)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 94 (2000), S. 429-671 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In space plasmas the phenomenon of mass loading is common. Comets are one of the most evident objects where mass loading controls to a large extent the structure and dynamics of its plasma environment. New charged material is implanted to the fast streaming solar wind by planets, moons, other solar system objects, and even by the interstellar neutral gas flowing through our solar system. In this review we summarize both the current observations and the relevant theoretical approaches. First we survey the MHD methods, starting with a discussion how mass loading affects subsonic and supersonic gasdynamics flows, continuing this with single and multi-fluid MHD approaches to describe the flow when mass, momentum and energy is added, and we finish this section by the description of mass loaded shocks. Next we consider the kinetic approach to the same problem, discussing wave excitations, pitch angle and energy scattering in linear and quasi-linear approximations. The different descriptions differ in assumptions and conclusions; we point out the differences, but it is beyond the scope of the paper to resolve all the conflicts. Applications of these techniques to comets, planets, artificial ion releases, and to the interplanetary neutrals are reviewed in the last section, where observations are also compared with models, including hybrid simulations as well. We conclude the paper with a summary of the most important open, yet unsolved questions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026568530975
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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