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Dealing with iron: Common structural principles in proteins that transport iron and heme (2003)

Baker, H. M. ; Anderson, B. F. ; Baker, E. N.

National Academy of Sciences

In: PNAS - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2003; 100(7): 3579-3583. Published 2003 Mar 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0637295100.

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Publikationsdatum: 2003-03-17

Print ISSN: 0027-8424

Digitale ISSN: 1091-6490

Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft

Publiziert von National Academy of Sciences

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Crystal structure of the zymogen form of the group A Streptococcus virulence factor SpeB: An integrin-binding cysteine protease (2000)

Kagawa, T. F. ; Cooney, J. C. ; Baker, H. M. ; [weitere]

National Academy of Sciences

In: PNAS - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2000; 97(5): 2235-2240. Published 2000 Feb 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.040549997.

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Publikationsdatum: 2000-02-11

Print ISSN: 0027-8424

Digitale ISSN: 1091-6490

Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft

Publiziert von National Academy of Sciences

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Crystal Structure of Methylmalonyl-Coenzyme A Epimerase from P. shermanii (2001)

McCarthy, Andrew A ; Baker, Heather M ; Shewry, Steven C ; [weitere]

Cell Press

In: Structure. 2001; 9(7): 637-646. Published 2001 Jul 01. doi: 10.1016/s0969-2126(01)00622-0.

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Publikationsdatum: 2001-07-01

Print ISSN: 0969-2126

Digitale ISSN: 1878-4186

Thema: Biologie , Medizin

Publiziert von Cell Press

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4

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Mae mediates MAP kinase phosphorylation of Ets transcription factors in Drosophila (2001)

Baker, David A. ; Mille-Baker, Blandine ; Wainwright, S. Mark ; [weitere]

Springer Nature

In: Nature. 2001; 411(6835): 330-334. Published 2001 May 01. doi: 10.1038/35077122.

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Publikationsdatum: 2001-05-01

Print ISSN: 0028-0836

Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik

Publiziert von Springer Nature

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Particle transport in DIII-D discharges with internal regions of enhanced confinement and counter injected neutral beams (2001)

Baker, D. R. ; Greenfield, C. M. ; DeBoo, J. C.

[S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 1565-1572

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ISSN: 1089-7674

Quelle: AIP Digital Archive

Thema: Physik

Notizen: An analysis of experimentally measured particle transport in tokamak plasmas with negative central magnetic shear is presented. The analysis is presented in terms of a simple model for turbulent transport which allows the separation of diagonal and off diagonal terms and allows the direct comparison of particle and energy transport. Comparing the measured fluxes to the fluxes predicted by a simple quasi analytical model which specifies a relation between the diagonal and off diagonal terms allows an understanding of the reason for the difference between energy and particle fluxes. In the center of discharges with a region of enhanced confinement (or internal transport barrier), the ion thermal diffusivity becomes small and comparable to neoclassical values and the particle diffusivity also becomes small and approaches the neoclassical values. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1358311

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Decay of the daughter electromagnetic wave driven by stimulated Raman scattering into two Langmuir waves (2000)

Baker, K. L.

[S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Physics of Plasmas 7 (2000), S. 2759-2762

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ISSN: 1089-7674

Quelle: AIP Digital Archive

Thema: Physik

Notizen: Much attention has been focused on the saturation of stimulated Raman scattering by the decay of its daughter waves. This research has almost exclusively dealt with the decay of the daughter Langmuir wave into secondary Langmuir waves and ion acoustic waves. In this Letter, the decay of the Raman driven electromagnetic wave into two Langmuir waves, two-plasmon decay, is discussed for the first time. It is shown that based on the stimulated Raman scattering reflectivity levels measured in experiments, this instability should be present in current laser–plasma experiments. In addition, experimental signatures of this process are discussed. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.874174

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Effect of rotation on H-mode transport in DIII–D via changes in the E×B velocity shear (2002)

Petty, C. C. ; Wade, M. R. ; Kinsey, J. E. ; [weitere]

[S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Physics of Plasmas 9 (2002), S. 128-136

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ISSN: 1089-7674

Quelle: AIP Digital Archive

Thema: Physik

Notizen: The effect of rotation on the heat and particle transport is measured in the DIII–D tokamak [Fusion Technol. 8, 441 (1985)] for high-confinement mode (H-mode) plasmas with edge localized modes. In a novel experiment, transport is compared for nearly identical scans of the relative gyroradius in co- and counter-rotating plasmas. Since the plasma profiles are the same, the difference in the transport scaling can be attributed to changes in the sheared E×B flow caused by the shift in the toroidal plasma velocity. The ion heat and particle transport are found to be sensitive to the change in the rotation direction and magnitude whereas the electron heat transport is not. Simulations using a gyroLandau-fluid drift wave transport model show that the variation in the ion heat transport for co/counter rotation is due to changes in the E×B shear stabilization, but the electrons appear to be governed by a different transport mechanism. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1421077

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8

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Sustained rotational stabilization of DIII-D plasmas above the no-wall beta limit : Review,Tutorial and Invited Papers from the 43rd Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics (2002)

Garofalo, A. M. ; Jensen, T. H. ; Johnson, L. C. ; [weitere]

[S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Physics of Plasmas 9 (2002), S. 1997-2005

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ISSN: 1089-7674

Quelle: AIP Digital Archive

Thema: Physik

Notizen: Sustained stabilization of the n=1 kink mode by plasma rotation at beta approaching twice the stability limit calculated without a wall has been achieved in DIII-D by a combination of error field reduction and sufficient rotation drive. Previous experiments have transiently exceeded the no-wall beta limit. However, demonstration of sustained rotational stabilization has remained elusive because the rotation has been found to decay whenever the plasma is wall stabilized. Recent theory [Boozer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5059 (2001)] predicts a resonant response to error fields in a plasma approaching marginal stability to a low-n kink mode. Enhancement of magnetic nonaxisymmetry in the plasma leads to strong damping of the toroidal rotation, precisely in the high-beta regime where it is needed for stabilization. This resonant response, or "error field amplification" is demonstrated in DIII-D experiments: applied n=1 radial fields cause enhanced plasma response and strong rotation damping at beta above the no wall limit but have little effect at lower beta. The discovery of an error field amplification has led to sustained operation above the no-wall limit through improved magnetic field symmetrization using an external coil set. The required symmetrization is determined both by optimizing the external currents with respect to the plasma rotation and by use of feedback to detect and minimize the plasma response to nonaxisymmetric fields as beta increases. Ideal stability analysis and rotation braking experiments at different beta values show that beta is maintained 50% higher than the no wall stability limit for durations greater than 1 s, and approaches beta twice the no-wall limit in several cases, with steady-state rotation levels. The results suggest that improved magnetic-field symmetry could allow plasmas to be maintained well above no-wall beta limit for as long as sufficient torque is provided. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1446036

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9

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Comparison of particle confinement in the high confinement mode plasmas with the edge localized mode of the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokamak-60 Upgrade and the DIII-D tokamak (2001)

Takenaga, H. ; Mahdavi, M. A. ; Baker, D. R.

[S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 1607-1611

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ISSN: 1089-7674

Quelle: AIP Digital Archive

Thema: Physik

Notizen: Particle confinement was compared for the high confinement mode plasmas with the edge localized mode in the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokamak-60 Upgrade (JT-60U) [S. Ishida, JT-60 Team, Nucl. Fusion 39, 1211 (1999)] and the DIII-D tokamak [J. L. Luxon et al., Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research 1986 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1987), Vol. 1, p. 159] considering separate confinement times for particles supplied by neutral beam injection (NBI) (center fueling) and by recycling and gas-puffing (edge fueling). Similar dependence on the NBI power was obtained in JT-60U and DIII-D. The particle confinement time for center fueling in DIII-D was smaller by a factor of 4 in the low density discharges and by a factor of 1.8 in the high density discharges than JT-60U scaling, respectively, suggesting the stronger dependence on the density in DIII-D. The particle confinement time for edge fueling in DIII-D was comparable with JT-60U scaling in the low density discharges. However, it decreased to a much smaller value in the high density discharges. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1362295

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Quantum, many-body, finite-temperature perturbation theory for an electron–ion system (2000)

Baker, George A. ; Johnson, J. D.

[S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Physics of Plasmas 7 (2000), S. 68-72

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ISSN: 1089-7674

Quelle: AIP Digital Archive

Thema: Physik

Notizen: The expansion in powers of the electron charge, e, for a neutral system of electrons (fermions) and ions (Maxwell–Boltzmann particles) is extended to order e4 for arbitrary values of temperature and density. The methods of calculation of the series terms will be illustrated, and some of the consequences of these results will be discussed. The ionization profile so derived, at least at high temperatures, will be contrasted with Saha theory. Some special features of hydrogen related to the possible plasma phase transition will be noted. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.873819

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