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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TASTE ACUITY IN THE ELDERLY: THE IMPACT OF THRESHOLD, AGE, GENDER, MEDICATION, HEALTH AND DENTAL PROBLEMS (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of sensory studies 17 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-459X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study was designed to assess taste threshold and investigate the effect of age, dental problems, health disorders/diseases and multiple medications on the distortion of taste and to determine if the loss of taste increases with age. One hundred seven elderly from rural congregate feeding sites and senior centers in Northern Alabama volunteered to participate in this study. Water solutions of varying concentrations for sweet, salty, sour, and bitter were prepared to determine recognition thresholds and test the effect of other factors on the ability to taste. A questionnaire was administered to each elderly volunteer to assess overall health. Results indicated that there was no significant age difference for the basic taste sensations, except for sweetness. Gender, dental problems, health disorders, diseases and multiple uses of medications did not significantly affect taste threshold. The basic was a decrease in taste threshold independent of any extraneous factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-459X.2002.tb00334.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and characterization of NleA, a non-LEE-encoded type III translocated virulence factor of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 51 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 uses a specialized protein translocation apparatus, the type III secretion system (TTSS), to deliver bacterial effector proteins into host cells. These effectors interfere with host cytoskeletal pathways and signalling cascades to facilitate bacterial survival and replication and promote disease. The genes encoding the TTSS and all known type III secreted effectors in EHEC are localized in a single pathogenicity island on the bacterial chromosome known as the locus for enterocyte effacement (LEE). In this study, we performed a proteomic analysis of proteins secreted by the LEE-encoded TTSS of EHEC. In addition to known LEE-encoded type III secreted proteins, such as EspA, EspB and Tir, a novel protein, NleA (non-LEE-encoded effector A), was identified. NleA is encoded in a prophage-associated pathogenicity island within the EHEC genome, distinct from the LEE. The LEE-encoded TTSS directs translocation of NleA into host cells, where it localizes to the Golgi apparatus. In a panel of strains examined by Southern blot and database analyses, nleA was found to be present in all other LEE-containing pathogens examined, including enteropathogenic E. coli and Citrobacter rodentium, and was absent from non-pathogenic strains of E. coli and non-LEE-containing pathogens. NleA was determined to play a key role in virulence of C. rodentium in a mouse infection model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03911.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Women, men and food: the significance of gender for nutritional attitudes and choices (2002)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 104 (2002), S. 470-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: This article reports the results of the re-analysis of a substantial set of survey based quantitative data relating to food beliefs, practices and preferences. The particular focus of attention was upon gender contrasts. Several statistically significant differences between men and women were identified. These differences occurred in such areas as views on food and health, the ethical dimensions of food production and food selection, nutritional attitudes and choices, dietary change, food work and body image. Two distinctive patterns emerged, which the authors termed "virtuous" and "robust", the former exhibiting attitudes more typical of women, and the latter attitudes more typical of men.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070700210418767
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measuring customer satisfaction in the fast food industry: a cross-national approach (2004)
    Bradford : Emerald
    The @journal of services marketing 18 (2004), S. 371-383 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6045
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In today's ever-increasing globalization of services and brands, service-oriented businesses need to attend to the satisfaction of their customers both domestically and abroad while transcending unique cultural differences from country to country. This study provides a cross-cultural comparison of service satisfaction of fast food establishments in four English-speaking countries. It is based on data collected from customers of five globally-franchised fast-food chains, using a previously developed service satisfaction instrument. The study reveals two empirically derived, cross-cultural fast-food customer satisfaction dimensions: satisfaction with the personal service and satisfaction with the service setting. Should future research support this study's findings, the measurement of cross-cultural service satisfaction among franchised brands and services could aid business managers' efforts to assess the quality of the services they provide across national boundaries and on a more real time, practical basis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/08876040410548294
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Consumers and brands: a study of the impact of self-image congruence on brand preference and satisfaction (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Marketing intelligence & planning 19 (2001), S. 482-492 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-4503
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Previous research indicates that the self-image product image congruity (commonly known as self-image congruence) can affect consumers' product preferences and their purchase intentions. Self-image congruence can also facilitate positive behaviour and attitudes toward products. This paper reports findings from a research study which was conducted to determine the effect of self-image congruity on brand preference and satisfaction in the precious jewellery market in the UK. A questionnaire was sent to 500 consumers of precious jewellery in five major cities of the UK. Results indicate that self-image congruity was a very strong predictor of consumers' brand preferences and a good predictor of consumer satisfaction. Respondents with higher levels of self-image congruity were more likely to prefer the brand and enjoy higher levels of satisfaction with the brand as compared to those with lower levels of self-image congruity. The paper discusses the implications for brand managers so that they can position their brands in an effective way.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02634500110408286
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genome-wide scan for high-risk prostate cancer families with breast cancer reveals new loci for prostate cancer and breast cancer (2001)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 27 (2001), S. 79-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Hereditary prostate cancer is a complex disease, and in some families it seems to segregate with other cancers. Epidemiological and genetic studies have reported familial clustering of prostate and breast cancers. As part of a genome-wide search for prostate cancer genes, we performed linkage ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/87246
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of Lps2 as a key transducer of MyD88-independent TIR signalling (2003)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 424 (2003), S. 743-748 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In humans, ten Toll-like receptor (TLR) paralogues sense molecular components of microbes, initiating the production of cytokine mediators that create the inflammatory response. Using N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea, we induced a germline mutation called Lps2, which abolishes cytokine responses to ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01889
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measuring Seeing from Solar Scintillometry and the Spectral Ratio Technique (2000)
    Springer
    Solar physics 195 (2000), S. 421-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In principle, the optical transfer function can be described by a single parameter, the Fried parameter r 0, which reveals the net effect of the turbulence along the line of sight. We present measurements of the Fried parameter obtained from the spectral ratio technique and compare them to data from solar scintillometry and from angle-of-arrival fluctuations. The measurements were performed at the Big Bear Solar Observatory (BBSO) in 1997 and 1998 – before and after a series of steps were taken to reduce dome seeing. The results show that the dome seeing was considerably reduced and now approaches the seeing conditions measured outside the dome. The Fried parameter as measured by the spectral ratio technique now frequently exceeds r 0=10 cm at our lake site observatory. Accounting for the remaining dome and window seeing, the scintillometer and the angle-of-arrival data imply the potential for an r 0〉20 cm for BBSO during days of good seeing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005285314970
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An analysis of the business characteristics of adopters and non‐adopters of World Wide Web technology (2000)
    Springer
    Information technology and management 1 (2000), S. 129-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7667
    Keywords: World Wide Web ; adoption ; business size ; business age ; IT experience ; industry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract The World Wide Web has received considerable media attention in recent times. Little is known concerning the technology’s appeal for commercial applications, and the topic deserves investigation. This study aims to analyze the differences between adopter and non‐adopter businesses according to their organizational characteristics. Six characteristics consistently associated with the adoption of technology, business size, age, industry, use of an IT support unit and IT budget, and degree of technology experience, are selected from the literature. A sample of 245 adopter businesses is gathered using on‐line directories and “keyword” searches of the World Wide Web. A sample of 245 non‐adopter businesses is obtained from the state business telephone directory. The study finds a number of interesting associations. No significant relationship is found between business size and World Wide Web adoption. Adopters tend to be younger yet more experienced with technology than non‐adopters. Businesses that made use of IT budgets and IT support units also tended to be adopters, however adoption did not rely on the existence of these two factors. The study raises a number of additional findings that are of interest but are not directly related to this work. These findings merit further research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019112722593
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extreme-Ultraviolet Flare Loop Emissions in an Eruptive Event (2000)
    Springer
    Solar physics 194 (2000), S. 269-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The TRACE/BBSO joint campaign on 27 September 1998 observed an eruptive flare event which lasted for half an hour. The observation covered several ultraviolet (UV) and extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) lines and Hα center and off-band emissions with very high spatial resolution. We find the EUV emissions in different stages of the flare display different characteristics. (1) During the `pre-flare' phase, when the SXR output was weak, we observed simultaneous impulsive HXR peak at 25–100 keV and strong EUV emission. (2) In the impulsive phase, when Hα, UV and SXR emissions were rising to the maxima, the EUV emission was very weak. (3) During the main phase, when SXR emission was decaying, a peak in the EUV emission was observed which was substantially delayed by 7 min compared to emissions from other wavelengths. Based on our observations, we propose that the `pre-flare' phase in this event was a separate energy release process rather than a mere pre-cursor of the flare, and it is likely that the `pre-flare' EUV emission was due to weak in situ heating of low-lying coronal loops. The mechanism of the EUV emission in the main phase is investigated. It is suggested that the delayed EUV emission may come from cooling of SXR loops.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005283023336
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