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  • Chemistry  (1,539)
  • Life Sciences (General)  (278)
  • 2000-2004  (291)
  • 1965-1969  (1,526)
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  • 1
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    Absorption spectroscopy with quantum cascade lasers (2001)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Novel pulsed and cw quantum cascade distributed feedback (QC-DFB) lasers operating near lambda=8 micrometers were used for detection and quantification of trace gases in ambient air by means of sensitive absorption spectroscopy. N2O, 12CH4, 13CH4, and different isotopic species of H2O were detected. Also, a highly selective detection of ethanol vapor in air with a sensitivity of 125 parts per billion by volume (ppb) was demonstrated.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Laser physics (ISSN 1054-660X); Volume 11; 1; 39-49
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Spectroscopic detection of biological NO with a quantum cascade laser (2001)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Two configurations of a continuous wave quantum cascade distributed feedback laser-based gas sensor for the detection of NO at a parts per billion (ppb) concentration level, typical of biomedical applications, have been investigated. The laser was operated at liquid nitrogen temperature near lambda = 5.2 microns. In the first configuration, a 100 m optical path length multi-pass cell was employed to enhance the NO absorption. In the second configuration, a technique based on cavity-enhanced spectroscopy (CES) was utilized, with an effective path length of 670 m. Both sensors enabled simultaneous analysis of NO and CO2 concentrations in exhaled air. The minimum detectable NO concentration was found to be 3 ppb with a multi-pass cell and 16 ppb when using CES. The two techniques are compared, and potential future developments are discussed.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics (ISSN 0946-2171); Volume 72; 7; 859-63
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    [The role of the serotonin system in the stress response of various cells] (2003)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The recombinant mouse brain serotonin receptor (5HT1c) was used to study the response of plant cells and oocytes to a stress signal activated by the serotonin-serotonin receptor interaction and associated Ca2+ flow. Based on plant expression vectors, recombinant constructs were obtained to direct production of 5HT1c fused with the green fluorescent protein in plant cells. The mRNAs for hybrid proteins were synthesized in an in vitro transcription system. The expression and function of the hybrid protein and the function of the associated ion channels were electrophysiologically studied in Xenopus laevis oocytes injected with the hybrid mRNA. The hybrid protein was functional and changed the operation of the Ca2+ channel in oocytes. To study the expression of the hybrid constructs in plant cells, the in vitro transcription product was inoculated in tobacco leaves, which then fluoresced.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Molekuliarnaia biologiia (ISSN 0026-8984); Volume 37; 3; 452-7
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Effective utilization of quantum-cascade distributed-feedback lasers in absorption spectroscopy (2000)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A variable duty cycle quasi-cw frequency scanning technique was applied to reduce thermal effects resulting from the high heat dissipation of type I quantum-cascade lasers. This technique was combined with a 100-m path-length multipass cell and a zero-air background-subtraction technique to enhance detection sensitivity to a parts-in-10(9) (ppb) concentration level for spectroscopic trace-gas detection of CH4, N2O, H2O, and C2H5OH in ambient air at 7.9 micrometers. A new technique for analysis of dense high resolution absorption spectra was applied to detection of ethanol in ambient air, yielding a 125-ppb detection limit.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Applied optics (ISSN 0003-6935); 39; 24; 4425-30
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of pressure on the helix-coil transitions of the poly A-poly U system (1966)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 4 (1966), S. 1081-1090 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Studies were made of the influence of hydrostatic pressure on the helix-coil transitions of poly (A + U) and poly (A + 2U). The results were analyzed by a thermodynamic treatment which emphasized the cooperative aspect of the transitions. The helix-to-coil volume changes were found to be small and negative indicating pressure stabilization of the coil form. The significance of the results with respect to other denaturation measurements was discussed.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1966.360041005
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of temperature on the helix sense of several polyamino acids (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 8 (1969), S. 21-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An increase in temperature causes an increase in the amplitudes of intramolecular and intermolecular motions and mainfests itself as an increase in the effective radii of the various atoms, especially hydrogen atoms. If one uses a Lennard-Jones 6-12 potential function to account for nonbonded interactions, this increase in the radius of the hydrogen atom is equivalent to a modification of the coefficient of the repulsive part of the Lennard-Jones potential. Accordingly, this effect of increasing temperature on the helix sense of several polyamino acids is computed by allowing the effective radius of the hydrogen atom to increase. It is found that the preferred sense of several polyamino acid helices changes from right- to left-handed as the temperature is increased. This accounts for recent experimental observations of changes in helix sense with temperature.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1969.360080103
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The circular dichroism spectrum of poly-L-acetoxyproline (1967)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 5 (1967), S. 915-919 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report the circular dichroism (CD) spectrum of poly-Lacetoxyproline in trifluoroethanol, a solvent in which the form I to form II conformational isomerization occurs slowly enough to permit observation of the spectral changes. A comparison is made to poly-Lproline. As judged by the similarity of the CD spectra, the conformations of the corresponding forms of the two polymers must be nearly the same. Transition assignments are proposed; these are shown to agree with the theoretical calculations of Pysh. There is a serious unexplained discrepancy between our solution data and those of Fasman for poly-Lacetoxyproline.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1967.360051005
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Circular dichroism spectrum of poly-L-proline (1967)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 5 (1967), S. 325-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1967.360050310
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the thermal stability and trace volatiles content of polymers. A hot-filament thermal analysis techniqueProd. No. 1375 (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 10 (1966), S. 1171-1183 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The thermal stability and trace volatiles content of polymers can be determined rapidly and conveniently by using a hot-filament pyrolyzer for heating the sample. The filament unit, of a type employed for pyrolysis-GLC analysis, consists of a platinum coil with an attached platinum/platinum-rhodium thermocouple for measuring the sample temperature. As the sample is heated the volatile products are monitored directly with a flame ionization detector, a dual recorder being used to chart both temperature and volatiles yield. At any stage of heating the products are analyzed, if desired, with a suitable GLC column. Thermal stability measurements of several polymers were generally consistent with results by conventional thermogravimetric analysis. Advantages of the method are high sensitivity for detection of low decomposition rates, speed of the temperature adjustment, simplicity of the apparatus, and small sample requirement.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1966.070100808
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colloidal macromolecular phenomena. Part II. Novel microcrystals of polymersProd. No. 1482 (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 11 (1967), S. 481-498 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Colloidal microcrystalline cellulose, introduced in 1961, now is a successful commercial product with growing world-wide markets. This paper describes some major findings of our continuing research to convert fibrous or fiber-forming polymer systems into new colloidal microcrystalline physical states without going through a homogeneous molecular solution phase. Several novel microcrystalline colloidal products from the following natural and/or synthetic polymeric raw materials are described and compared for the first time: cellulose, amylose, collagen, nylon, and chrysotile mineral silicates. Many previously unpublished electron micrographs are presented. These products demonstrate a new and growing field of colloidal microcrystalline polymer science. They open up increasing opportunities for new polymer products based on the original concept, namely, the unhinging of polymer microcrystals from their natural or synthetic network and then by appropriate mechanical energy, releasing them as discrete, submicron colloidal polymer microcrystals dispersed in various liquid media to form unique gel systems, or reaggregated in the dry state to form porous colloidal particles.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1967.070110401
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