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  • Life Sciences (General)  (10)
  • Chemistry  (7)
  • Aircraft Propulsion and Power  (4)
  • FACILITIES, RESEARCH, AND SUPPORT
  • GEOPHYSICS
  • 2000-2004  (14)
  • 1965-1969  (10)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of pressure on the helix-coil transitions of the poly A-poly U system (1966)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 4 (1966), S. 1081-1090 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Studies were made of the influence of hydrostatic pressure on the helix-coil transitions of poly (A + U) and poly (A + 2U). The results were analyzed by a thermodynamic treatment which emphasized the cooperative aspect of the transitions. The helix-to-coil volume changes were found to be small and negative indicating pressure stabilization of the coil form. The significance of the results with respect to other denaturation measurements was discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1966.360041005
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The ultrasonic degradation of biological macromolecules under conditions of stable cavitation. I. Theory, methods, and application to deoxyribonucleic acid (1966)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 4 (1966), S. 259-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Solutions of calf thymus DNA have been degraded in the presence of vibrating air bubbles in ultrasonic fields of low power which would not normally induce ultrasonic cavitation. The DNA was degraded to a limiting intrinsic viscosity, after which further irradiation by ultrasound had little or no effect. This limiting intrinsic viscosity decreased with increase in the ultrasonic intensity. Previously developed theories have-been adapted to calculate the maximum velocity gradient associated with the streaming of the solution around such vibrating air bubbles. The tensile force which is induced and which acts on the DNA has been calculated on the basis of current theories of degradation by hydrodynamic shear. These calculations indicate that the degradation of the DNA by ultrasound under conditions of “stable cavitation” is mainly the result of the shearing forces engendered in the solution around the oscillating bubbles.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1966.360040303
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The determination of the isotacticity of polypropylene in the 90-100% range by infrared spectroscopyPresented as a paper before the Meeting of the American Chemical Society Division of Polymer Chemistry, September 1963, in New York City. At that time this laboratory was the Research Center of the Spencer Chemical Company. (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 13 (1969), S. 417-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: An infrared method has been developed for the determination of the isotacticity of polypropylene in the 90-100% range. The method requires the annealing of thin films at 165-167°C. for 3 hr. in an inert atmosphere, followed by slow cooling to room temperature. For approximate answers the ratio of the intensity of the 10.00 μ band to that of the 10.27 μ band can be reported as the fraction of isotactic material. Better results are obtained, however, by using Figure 2 as a calibration curve and reading the values from it.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1969.070130302
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of type and amount of comonomer on the properties of four copolymers of ethylene (1966)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 6 (1966), S. 5-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The plastics industry is now coming to realize that copolymers are unique thermoplastics which have broad areas of application. It is believed that ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymers of 2 melt index may be extrusion coated to paper by a cap-coat process or by use of a chill roll with an adhesive coating. Copolymers of ethylene and vinyl monomers can be made into film by the same methods used for polyethylene. Methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate copolymers may be processed on a wide range of molding equipment. Table VII in the article gives a list of applications for each polymer, along with expected physical properties.
    Zusätzliches Material: 16 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760060103
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Transparent barrier resins with high nitrile content (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 13 (1969), S. 2567-2577 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The effect of 30-49 wt-% nitrile group content on the properties of copolymers is demonstrated. The nitrile is furnished by either acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile. The exceptional resistance of such high nitrile content resins to the passage of gases and of solvents is shown and variations therein demonstrated for different comonomers. Transparent, tough, grafted polymers of good color are described which retain these properties. These qualities, combined with low second-order transition temperatures and adequate heat deflection temperatures, provide polymers of interest wherever containment and barrier are desired. Bottles, thermoformed containers, etc., could benefit from the use of some of the polymers described.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1969.070131205
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Use of gas-liquid chromatography in the analysis of rigid polyurethane foam polyols (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 13 (1969), S. 1297-1307 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Detailed characterization of the low molecular weight polyols used as intermediates in rigid polyurethane foam production has not been feasible to date. Gas-liquid chromatography of the trimethylsilyl ether derivatives of the polyols now offers a more complete picture of polyol composition, particularly with regard to the molecular weight distribution. The data may be interpreted on a semiquantitative basis. The study of processing variables in polyol manufacture, detection of impurities and analysis of unknown polyols or those based on mixed initiators may all be facilitated by use of this GLC technique.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1969.070130617
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Poly-α-cyanostyrene (1965)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: General Papers 3 (1965), S. 1527-1533 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2951
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The monomer α-cyanostyrene polymerized at a very slow rate under the influence of free-radical initiators. Rapid polymerization to high molecular weight material was achieved by using anionic initiators (tri-n-butylphosphine and tetrakisdimethylaminotitanium). The polymer made at -78°C. was colorless, fusible, soluble, and had a number-average molecular weight of over 5,000. The polymer prepared at 0°C. was brown, insoluble, and infusible. None of the polymer showed order in the x-ray diagram. The rate of dimerization of α-cyanostyrene under a wide variety of conditions was measured. Two new derivatives of the intermediate, 3-(N,N-dimethylamino)-2-phenylpropionitrile were prepared: the methiodide, m.p. 242-245°C. (decomp.), and the picrate, m.p. 116.5-117.5°C.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1965.100030420
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  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Prostaglandin E2 and the protein kinase A pathway mediate arachidonic acid induction of c-fos in human prostate cancer cells (2000)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-24
    Beschreibung: Arachidonic acid (AA) is the precursor for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis and increases growth of prostate cancer cells. To further elucidate the mechanisms involved in AA-induced prostate cell growth, induction of c-fos expression by AA was investigated in a human prostate cancer cell line, PC-3. c-fos mRNA was induced shortly after addition of AA, along with a remarkable increase in PGE2 production. c-fos expression and PGE2 production induced by AA was blocked by a cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, flurbiprofen, suggesting that PGE2 mediated c-fos induction. Protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H-89 abolished induction of c-fos expression by AA, and partially inhibited PGE2 production. Protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor GF109203X had no significant effect on c-fos expression or PGE2 production. Expression of prostaglandin (EP) receptors, which mediate signal transduction from PGE2 to the cells, was examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in several human prostate cell lines. EP4 and EP2, which are coupled to the PKA signalling pathway, were expressed in all cells tested. Expression of EP1, which activates the PKC pathway, was not detected. The current study showed that induction of the immediate early gene c-fos by AA is mediated by PGE2, which activates the PKA pathway via the EP2/4 receptor in the PC-3 cells.
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences (General)
    Materialart: British journal of cancer (ISSN 0007-0920); Volume 82; 12; 2000-6
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Prostaglandin E2-induced up-regulation of c-fos messenger ribonucleic acid is primarily mediated by 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts (2000)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-24
    Beschreibung: The mechanism by which the proto-oncogene, c-fos, is up-regulated in response to PGE2 in the mouse osteoblastic (MC3T3-E1) cell line was investigated using RT-PCR. c-fos messenger RNA up-regulation by dmPGE2 is rapid, starting 10 min post stimulation, and transient. The specific protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, H89, inhibited c-fos induction. Moreover, down-regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) activity by chronic TPA treatment had no effect on the induction of c-fos by dmPGE2. We conclude that up-regulation of c-fos by dmPGE2 is primarily dependent on PKA in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. In S49 lymphoma wild-type but not S49 cyc- cells, which are deficient in cAMP signaling, dmPGE2 up-regulates c-fos and increases cell growth compared with unstimulated cells. Thus in S49 lymphoma cells, c-fos induction by PGE2 is also dependent on cAMP signaling. The minimal c-fos promoter region required for dmPGE2-induced expression was identified by transfecting c-fos promoter deletion constructs coupled to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene into Vero cells. Transfection of a plasmid containing 99 bp c-fos proximal promoter was sufficient to direct c-fos/CAT expression following stimulation with dmPGE2. Because induction of c-fos is mediated by cAMP, these data are consistent with activation of c-fos via the CRE/ATF cis element.
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences (General)
    Materialart: Endocrinology (ISSN 0013-7227); Volume 141; 1; 291-8
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Fatty acid regulates gene expression and growth of human prostate cancer PC-3 cells (2001)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-24
    Beschreibung: It has been proposed that the omega-6 fatty acids increase the rate of tumor growth. Here we test that hypothesis in the PC-3 human prostate tumor. We found that the essential fatty acids, linoleic acid (LA) and arachidonic acid (AA), and the AA metabolite PGE(2) stimulate tumor growth while oleic acid (OA) and the omega-3 fatty acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) inhibited growth. In examining the role of AA in growth response, we extended our studies to analyze changes in early gene expression induced by AA. We demonstrate that c-fos expression is increased within minutes of addition in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the immediate early gene cox-2 is also increased in the presence of AA in a dose-dependent manner, while the constitutive cox-1 message was not increased. Three hours after exposure to AA, the synthesis of PGE(2) via COX-2 was also increased. Previous studies have demonstrated that AA was primarily delivered by low density lipoprotein (LDL) via its receptor (LDLr). Since it is known that hepatomas, acute myelogenous leukemia and colorectal tumors lack normal cholesterol feedback, we examined the role of the LDLr in growth regulation of the PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Analysis of ldlr mRNA expression and LDLr function demonstrated that human PC-3 prostate cancer cells lack normal feedback regulation. While exogenous LDL caused a significant stimulation of cell growth and PGE(2) synthesis, no change was seen in regulation of the LDLr by LDL. Taken together, these data show that normal cholesterol feedback of ldlr message and protein is lost in prostate cancer. These data suggest that unregulated over-expression of LDLr in tumor cells would permit increased availability of AA, which induces immediate early genes c-fos and cox-2 within minutes of uptake.
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences (General)
    Materialart: Carcinogenesis (ISSN 0143-3334); Volume 22; 5; 701-7
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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