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  • 2000-2004  (63)
  • 1965-1969  (32)
  • 1950-1954  (2)
  • 1930-1934  (5)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Frankfurt 200 mA proton source : The 8th international conference on ion sources (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 836-838 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: For the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) scenario, a 140 mA deuterium beam in continuous wave (cw) mode with an atomic yield of above 85% is required. The normalized root-mean-square emittance should be less than 0.2 π mm mrad at the entrance of a RFQ. As part of a conceptual design for IFMIF, a new ion source has been developed and is tested at the Institut für Angewandte Physik in Frankfurt. The ion source is of the volume type with a tungsten cathode driving the discharge. Both cw and pulsed mode are possible and were studied. First experiments were carried out with deuterium. 80 mA deuterons with a D+ fraction of above 90% were extracted [A. Maser et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 67, 1054 (1996)]. In order to avoid neutron generation by the d–d reaction, hydrogen was used instead of deuterium later on. As far as the ion source and plasma production processes are concerned, the use of hydrogen instead of deuterium is equivalent because of their similar atomic shells. Recently, a 200 mA proton beam at 55 kV was extracted in cw mode (according to Child–Langmuir, 200 mA H+ corresponds to 140 mA D+) with a H+ fraction of 93%. This article will give a detailed description of the ion source and the essential experimental results. Especially, the influence of important physical parameters (such as discharge current and strength of the filter field) on the H+ fraction was studied. By using different kinds of auxiliary gases, the influence on the H+ fraction and the noise level were investigated, too. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1150307
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Equilibration of p-menthadienes in acid and base (1969)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 34 (1969), S. 2615-2617 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo01261a027
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of the beam emittance of the Frankfurt proton source : Papers from the Ninth International Conference on Ion Sources (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 73 (2002), S. 1027-1029 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: For the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility project (IFMIF) the Institut für Angewandte Physik at the University of Frankfurt is concerned with developing a high current proton/deuteron ion source. The 1999 "Frankfurt 200 mA Proton Source" is a volume type belonging to the high-efficient ion-sources family. This type of ion source has proven its capability to produce high-current ion beams of a single mass-to-charge ratio at very low-beam emittances. The arc discharge ion source delivers a 200 mA full beam (93% protons) at 55 keV with very high-beam intensities (outlet aperture 8 mm diam). Thus, the beam requirements for the IFMIF project are fulfilled. After having done the basic plasma investigation with a 127° cylinder spectrometer, the quality of the ion beam was a point of interest. Therefore, the beam emittance was measured with a conventional slit-grid measurement device. The goal was to measure the beam emittance at high-beam currents. The article will give a detailed description of the measurement of a 56 mA beam at 26 keV with 85% protons. Theoretical considerations of the emittance value, given by ion temperature and aberrations of the extraction system, allows an estimation of the emittance of a 170 mA at 55 keV proton beam. In a second step, an estimation of a postaccelerated 140 mA at 100 keV deuteron beam was completed. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1431418
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectrochemical analysis of semiconductor grade boron tribromide with a plasma jet (1968)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 40 (1968), S. 2041-2042 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac60269a040
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental determination of the instrumental transparency function of texture goniometers (2000)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 33 (2000), S. 1162-1174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The instrumental transparency functions of five commercially available texture goniometers were measured experimentally with six monocrystalline samples cut in different orientations from a large highly perfect silicon crystal with a rocking curve of less than 0.01°. Transparency functions were measured in steps of 0.02 to 0.2° in the pole-figure angles α, β. The window size Δα depends on the Bragg angle θ in the form 1/sinθ; the window size Δω is constant for each goniometer. The dominant instrumental parameter determining the long axis Δα of the pole-figure window is the axial width of the detector entrance slit. This parameter is smallest for area detectors (smaller by more than an order of magnitude compared with conventional scintillation detectors as well as one-dimensional position-sensitive detectors). The main features of the pole-figure window and their dependence on the instrumental parameters can be deduced fairly well from a simple geometrical model. The particular shapes of the transparency functions of the studied goniometers are markedly different. Particularly, they are not very well represented by Gauss functions. The two-dimensional transparency function can be fairly well characterized by its α and β profiles. The normalized profiles are virtually independent of the goniometer angles 2θ and α. The increasing size of the pole-figure window with decreasing θ puts a lower limit on the Bragg angle below which pole-figure measurement ceases to be meaningful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889800007251
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-assembled monolayers of decanethiol on Au(111)/mica (2000)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 14 (2000), S. 371-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 61.16.Ch Scanning probe microscopy: scanning tunnelling, atomic force, scanning optical, magnetic force, etc. - 68.35.Bs Surface structure and topography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: We report here a preparation for thin gold films on mica substrates. We have investigated the influence of the substrate temperature and the evaporation rate on the morphology of the films. After careful outgasing of the substrate, 100 nm of Au is evaporated onto the mica surface maintained at high temperature. After slow cooling, ex situ characterizations are performed using AFM and STM. For our purposes, the best compromise between roughness and grain size is found to occur for an evaporation rate of 2 Ås-1 onto a mica substrate maintained at 460 C. We have used these substrates for STM and AFM study of decanethiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). We present results for gold samples immersed for a few seconds in decanethiol solutions, revealing an incomplete organization of the films. The organization process is discussed through comparison between AFM and STM data recorded on the SAMs. Then we present molecular resolution STM pictures of ordered SAMs for longer immersion times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100510050141
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die Temperaturabhängigkeiten von Insekten (1930)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 11 (1930), S. 345-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00338215
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Lebensgeschichte und Epidemiologie der GetreidemotteSitotroga cerealella Oliv (1930)
    Springer
    Journal of pest science 6 (1930), S. 97-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-4766
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die GetreidemotteSitotroga cerealella Oliv. entwickelt in der palästinensischen Küstenzone jährlich 5–6 Generationen. Der Entwicklungsnullpunkt liegt bei 10,3° C, die Thermalkonstante beträgt 474°. Die Eizahl schwankt zwischen 80 und 180 pro ♀, die Verteilung der Geschlechter ist wie 1∶1. Während das Entwicklungspotential einesSitotroga-Pärchens bei 6 Generationen in einem Jahr über 30 Milliarden Motten betragen müßte, beträgt die tatsächliche Nachkommenziffer eines Pärchens im Laufe eines Jahres unter den klimatischen Bedingungen der palästinensischen Küstenebene nur 400–450 Motten. Durch die extremen Temperaturen im Winter und Sommer wird die Zahl der Tiere derart reduziert, daß ihre Zahl im neuen Jahr von der des Vorjahres nicht sehr variiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02338247
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Desynaptische Mutanten mit Unterschieden im Univalentenverhalten (1969)
    Springer
    Genetica 40 (1969), S. 566-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract After application of neutrons on dry seeds ofPisum sativum three recessive mutants were isolated showing irregularities in the course of meiosis. A cytogenetical analysis showed that at metaphase I, a varying number of univalents are formed, most likely as a result of reduced chiasma frequencies. At anaphase I, some univalents divide precociously in mutant 2982 but none do so in mutants 2989 and 2552. As a consequence, most cells of 2989 and 2552 built up more than two spindles at anaphase II, whereas the majority of cells in 2982 form two spindles. This situation is reflected in the frequency distribution of “gones per PMC” at tetrad stage. The discussion deals with the possible causes of univalent formation at meiotic prophase and the variability of univalent behaviour at anaphase I.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01787381
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weichmacher-Wirksamkeit in Zusammenhang mit der chemischen Konstitution der Weichmacher (1952)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 128 (1952), S. 136-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Im vorstehenden wird über eine Untersuchung der Weichmacher-Wirksamkeit berichtet, die das Problem durch Variation der chemischen Konstitution der Weichmacher angeht. Im Laufe dieser Untersuchung wurden 89 Weichmacher und Lösungsmittel in Mischung mit Polyvinylazetat dielektrisch auf ihre Weichmacher-Wirksamkeit geprüft. Die von Leilich vertretene Ansicht, daß die Viskosität des reinen Weichmachers für die Weichmacher-Wirksamkeit maßgeblich ist, wurde an Hand der vorliegenden Ergebnisse als Faustregel mit Ausnahmen bestätigt. Aus der für jeden Weichmacher bestimmten FunktionΔ T=f(c) wurden die Temperaturen der mit 2 · 106 Hz gemessenen DK-Dispersion für die gewichtsmäßige Zusammensetzung 70/30 sowie für die molaren Konzentrationen c=0,1, 0,2 und 0,3 herausgezogen und über den Molekulargewichten der Weichmacher aufgetragen. Bei den gewichtsmäßig gleichen Maßen wurde eine Abhängigkeit der Weichmacher-Wirksamkeit vom Molekulargewicht der Weichmacher gerunden. Bei molar gleichen Maßen fehlt diese Molekulargewichtsabhängigkeit. Es zeigte sich bei molarer Betrachtung nur noch eine Abhängigkeit vom geometrischen Bau des Weichmachermoleküls. Substanzen mit großer innerer Beweglichkeit der polaren Gruppe des Weichmachermoleküls brachten dabei starke Weichmacher-Wirksamkeit. An Hand von mehreren Beispielen wurde der Übergang von sterisch behinderten, wenig wirksamen Weichmachermolekülen zu wenig behinderten und stark wirksamen Weichmachern nachgewiesen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01519511
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