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  • 1
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    Satellite measurements of ion composition and temperatures in the topside ionosphere during medium solar activity (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Information on both ion density and temperature is obtained from analysis of Retarding Potential Analyzer data from the OGO-4 and Explorer-31 satellites. Results obtained from data in the altitude range of 700-2000 km during medium solar activity are presented. An attempt is made to describe the major altitude variations of ion densities and temperatures at middle and low latitudes. The transition heights, where the heavier and lighter ions are equal, are found to be about 1600 and 1300 km at middle and low latitudes, respectively, for daytime and 700 km at night for middle latitudes. Based on the observed data and using diffusive equilibrium as a first-order approximation, topside ionospheric composition models are given for medium solar activity.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics; 38; Apr. 197
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Vertical lifting of ionization during geomagnetic storms from satellite measurements of ion composition (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Magnetic-storm phenomena at low latitudes are discussed based on ion-composition /O(+), H(+), He(+)/ and electron- and ion-temperature measurements from the OGO-4 and Isis-2 satellites. For the moderately severe storms considered, the effects of changes in the neutral composition and in the neutral and plasma temperatures are discussed, and it is shown that these changes would not produce the observed O(+) increase during storms at low latitudes. It is suggested that the observed increase in O(+) in the topside region is a manifestation of the vertical lifting of ionization of the F-layer. The argument in favor of vertical lifting is further substantiated by the observed changes in the F-region critical frequency and the height parameters.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity; 29; 3, 19; 1977
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Hypersonic incipient separation on delta wing with trailing-edge flap (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The paper reviews the experimental data on the incipient separation characteristics of planar delta wings of 75 degree sharp leading edges, with full-span trailing edge flap deflected into the windward flow. The local Reynolds number range for these investigations covered laminar, transitional and turbulent conditions. It is shown that, while turbulent boundary layer data correlates with two dimensional results, in the laminar and transitional cases, there is a nearly parallel shift to higher flap angles for incipient separation.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 13; Oct. 197
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Application of radial-splitters for improved wide-angle diffuser performance in a blowdown tunnel (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Severe flow separation in the 15:1 area-ratio, 38 deg total angle conical diffuser preceding the settling-chamber of an intermittent blowdown wind tunnel was eliminated by the use of a novel radial-splitter arrangement. As a consequence, the operating life of settling-chamber screens was greatly extended and test-section flow steadiness improved, with no penalty in the tunnel running time.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Aircraft; 13; July 197
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    Side-force alleviation on slender, pointed forebodies at high angles of attack (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A new device was proposed for alleviating high angle-of-attack side force on slender, pointed forebodies. A symmetrical pair of separation strips in the form of helical ridges are applied to the forebody to disrupt the primary lee-side vortices and thereby avoid the instability that produces vortex asymmetry. Preliminary wind tunnel tests at Mach 0.3 and Reynolds no. 5,250,000 on a variety of forebody configurations and on a wing-body combination at angles of attack up to 56 degrees, demonstrated the effectiveness of the device.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-145361
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Interpretation of the shape factor at Ootacamund, India (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The paper deals with equatorial ATS-6 measurements of the shape factor, F, interpreted in terms of the shape of the electron density profile along the ray path. The observed rapid increase in F at sunrise is attributed to EUV production of ionization in the E and F regions. The evening decrease is seen to result from an upward drift of the F region at sunset and the evening decay of the E and bottomside F regions. The nighttime peak, or plateau, is caused by gradual decrease of the electron density profile.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Symposium on Beacon Satellite Measurements of Plasmaspheric and Ionospheric Properties; May 22, 1978 - May 25, 1978; Florence; Italy
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    ATS6-satellite radio beacon measurements at Ootacamund, India (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: In August 1975 the ATS6 was repositioned at 35 deg E. Radio beacon measurements of time delay, Faraday rotation and signal amplitude, made at Ootacamund, India in October 1975, are discussed with emphasis on the problem of determining the Faraday content under essentially transverse propagation conditions. It is shown that at the low geomagnetic latitude of Ootacamund the use of a fixed conversion coefficient gives an unreliable Faraday content. It is shown also that corrections to the measured Faraday rotation are important because of pitch and yaw of the satellite, particularly at night when the rotation on 140 MHz can be of the order of 10 to 20 deg. The shape factor shows a low predawn minimum indicating the nearly complete erosion of the F2 layer peak. Amplitude scintillation usually decreases with increase of radio frequency but exceptions are discussed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Symposium on Beacon Satellite Measurements of Plasmaspheric and Ionospheric Properties; May 22, 1978 - May 25, 1978; Florence; Italy
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Wind tunnel tests on a tail-less swept wing span-distributed cargo aircraft configuration (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The configuration consisted of a 30 deg -swept, untapered, untwisted wing utilizing a low-moment cambered airfoil of 20 percent streamwise thickness designed for low wave drag at M = 0.6, C sub L = 0.4. The tests covered a range of Mach numbers 0.3 to 0.725 and chord Reynolds number 1,100,000 to 2,040,000, angles of attack up to model buffet and sideslip angles + or - 4 deg. Configuration build up, wing pod filleting, airfoil modification and trailing edge control deflection effects were briefly investigated. Three wing tip vertical tail designs were also tested. Wing body filleting and a simple airfoil modification both produced increments to maximum lift/drag ratio. Addition of pods eliminated pitch instability of the basic wing. While the magnitude of these benefits probably was Reynolds number sensitive, they underline the potential for improving the aerodynamics of the present configuration. The cruise parameter (product of Mach number and lift/drag ratio) attained a maximum close to the airfoil design point. The configuration was found to be positively stable with normal control effectiveness about all three axes in the Mach number and C sub L range of interest.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TM-78767
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
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    Leading edge vortex-flap experiments on a 74 deg delta wing (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Exploratory wind tunnel tests are reported on a 74 deg. delta wing model. The potential of a vortex flap concept in reducing the subsonic lift dependent drag of highly swept, slender wings is examined. The suction effect of coiled vortices generated through controlled separation over leading edge flap surfaces to produce a thrust component is discussed. A series of vortex-flap configurations were investigated to explore the effect of some primary geometric variables.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-159161
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    New features of global climatology revealed by satellite-derived oceanic rainfall maps (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Quantitative rainfall maps over the oceanic areas of the globe were derived from the Nimbus 5 Electrically Scanning Microwave Radiometer (ESMR) data. Analysis of satellite derived oceanic rainfall maps reveal certain distinctive characteristics of global patterns for the years 1973-74. The main ones are (1) the forking of the Intertropical Convergence Zone in the Pacific, (2) a previously unrecognized rain area in the South Atlantic, (3) the bimodal behavior of rainbelts in the Indian Ocean and (4) the large interannual variability in oceanic rainfall. These features are discussed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-X-71275 , X-911-77-19
    Format: application/pdf
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