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  • Nature Publishing Group  (29)
  • National Academy of Sciences  (28)
  • Oxford University Press  (28)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (24)
  • Public Library of Science (PLoS)
  • 2000-2004  (48)
  • 1980-1984  (61)
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HERBICIDES AND TRANSFORMATION PRODUCTS IN SURFACE WATERS OF THE MIDWESTERN UNITED STATES (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 39 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: : Most herbicides applied to crops are adsorbed by plants or transformed (degraded) in the soil, but small fractions are lost from fields and either move to streams in overland runoff, near surface flow, or subsurface drains, or they infiltrate slowly to ground water. Herbicide transformation products (TPs) can be more or less mobile and more or less toxic in the environment than their source herbicides. To obtain information on the concentrations of selected herbicides and TPs in surface waters of the Midwestern United States, 151 water samples were collected from 71 streams and five reservoir outflows in 1998. These samples were analyzed for 13 herbicides and 10 herbicide TPs. Herbicide TPs were found to occur as frequently or more frequently than source herbicides and at concentrations that were often larger than their source herbicides. Most samples contained a mixture of more than 10 different herbicides or TPs. The ratios of TPs to herbicide concentrations can be used to determine the source of herbicides in streams. Results of a two-component mixing model suggest that on average 90 percent or more of the herbicide mass in Midwestern streams during early summer runoff events originates from the runoff and 10 percent or less comes from increased ground water discharge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2003.tb04402.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of greenbug resistance in barley (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The greenbug [Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)] is an extremely damaging pest of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), particularly in the southern Great Plains of the USA. Winter barley targeted for production in this region should incorporate resistance to greenbug in the form of the resistance gene Rsg1a (in ‘Post 90′) or Rsg2b (in PI 426756). This study was conducted to fully characterize the resistance profile of these two genes against important greenbug biotypes, and to determine which of the two resistance genes is most effective in protecting barley from the greenbug. Eight barley and four wheat cultivars and germplasms were challenged with six greenbug biotypes and damage ratings were recorded for each combination. In five of the six tests, ‘Post 90’ was significantly more resistant than PI 426756 to greenbug feeding damage. Based on the results presented here, we conclude that the resistance gene, Rsg1a, in ‘Post 90’ is the better choice for use in breeding programmes and will provide better protection than Rsg2b against the greenbug.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.01019.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Evaluation of Sources of Nitrogen as Causes of Ground-Water Contamination in Nassau County, Long Island (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 18 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: An evaluation of sources of nitrogen in an urban area indicates that it may be difficult to distinguish effects on the quality of underlying ground water. In Nassau County two principal sources of nitrogen are human waste water and fertilized turf. The effects of these sources, combined with other sources such as domestic animals and precipitation, are such that management of one source, i.e. the removal of waste water via sewers, may be less effective than expected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1980.tb03656.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance of a Scraped-Surface Heat Exchanger Under Ultra High Temperature Conditions: A Dimensional Analysis (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 47 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Performance characteristics of a pilot-scale scraped-surface heat exchanger (Contherm Model 6 × 2) under UHT operating conditions were evaluated. Outlet temperature and overall heat transfer coefficient (U) were significantly affected by rotational speed of the blades, mass flow rate of feed, feed inlet temperature, steam pressure and solids content of the model low-acid liquid food (soy extracts). The scraping action of the blades greatly improved the performance up to about 350 rpm; higher blade speeds had little or no effect and sometimes decreased U values. Application of dimensionless models showed that the effect of axial Reynolds number (ReA) on the Nusselt number was more significant in the turbulent regime (ReA 〉 1800), while rotational Reynolds number above 105 had a significant effect at all values of ReA between 1200 and 3700. At very high values of the Taylor number (〉 1010) when laminar axial flow conditions prevailed, Nusselt number decreased with increase in rotational Reynolds number.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1982.tb10136.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenolic Antioxidants of Soy Protein Hydrolyzates (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 47 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Soy protein hydrolyzate (SPH) was investigated to identify the phenolic compounds responsible for antioxidant activity. Three isoflavones–genistein, daidzein, and glycitein–were found in SPH. These are the same isoflavones that have been identified in raw soybeans. No isoflavone glycosides were found in SPH. The phenolic acids found in SPH were caffeic, ferulic, p-coumaric, syringic, vanillic, gentisic, and p-hydroxybenzoic acids. The compounds were identified by TLC, GLC and UV spectra. The isoflavones were confirmed by their mass spectra.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1982.tb11018.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature, light intensity and plasma melatonin levels in juvenile Atlantic salmon (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 58 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Plasma melatonin synthesis in juvenile Atlantic salmon Salmo salar decreased with increasing light intensity. Melatonin profiles reflected accurately the photoperiod under which the salmon were maintained. Groups maintained at 12°C showed significantly higher (P 〈 0·01) levels of dark phase plasma melatonin compared with the groups maintained at 4°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb02262.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relationships between stocking density and welfare in farmed rainbow trout (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 61 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: There is increasing public, governmental and commercial interest in the welfare of intensively farmed fish and stocking density has been highlighted as an area of particular concern. Here we draw scientific attention and debate to this emerging research field by reviewing the evidence for effects of density on rainbow trout. Although no explicit reference to ‘welfare’ has been made, there are 43 studies which have examined the effects of density on production and physiological parameters of rainbow trout. Increasing stocking density does not appear to cause prolonged crowding stress in rainbow trout. However, commonly reported effects of increasing density are reductions in food conversion efficiency, nutritional condition and growth, and an increase in fin erosion. Such changes are indicative of a reduced welfare status—although the magnitude of the effects has tended to be dependent upon study-specific conditions. Systematic observations on large scale commercial farms are therefore required, rather than extrapolation of these mainly small-scale experimental findings. There is dispute as to the cause of the observed effects of increasing density, with water quality deterioration and/or an increase in aggressive behaviour being variously proposed. Both causes can theoretically generate the observed effects of increasing density, and the relative contribution of the two causes may depend upon the specific conditions. However, documentation of the relationship between density and the effects of aggressive behaviour at relevant commercial densities is lacking. Consequently only inferential evidence exists that aggressive behaviour generates the observed effects of increasing density, whereas there is direct experimental evidence that water quality degradation is responsible. Nevertheless, there are contradictory recommendations in the literature for key water quality parameters to ensure adequate welfare status. The potential for welfare to be detrimentally affected by non-aggressive behavioural interactions (abrasion, collision, obstruction) and low densities (due to excessive aggressive behaviour and a poor feeding response) have been largely overlooked. Legislation directly limiting stocking density is likely to be unworkable, and a more practical option might be to prescribe acceptable levels of water quality, health, nutritional condition and behavioural indicators.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2002.tb00893.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spontaneous occurrence of a synchronous hermaphrodite in the banded killifish, Fundulus diaphanus (Lesueur) (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 22 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: An intersex specimen of the banded killifish, Fundulus diaphanus, was encountered during the analysis of the annual gametogenic cycle of this species. The simultaneous presence of mature spermatozoa and ova suggests that the potential for self-fertilization existed in this fish. The spontaneous occurrence of this intersex individual, although a rare event, indicates the potential for the development of the synchronous hermaphroditic condition under natural environmental conditions in this normally gonochoristic species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1983.tb04226.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation in the relationship between nitrogen fixation, leghemoglobin, nodule numbers and plant biomass in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) caused by treatment with arsenate, heavy metals and fluoride (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 57 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Potential relationships between alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv. Vernal) acetylene reduction activity (ARA) and leghemoglobin content, nodule numbers, shoot biomass, root biomass, or total plant biomass were estimated using linear regression analysis after treatment with a range of concentrations of arsenate, Cd2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, and F–. There were highly significant positive linear regressions between ARA and all the other plant values in the control plants, but this linear relationship was significantly altered between ARA and one or more of the other parameters in all treatments. There was also evidence for an alteration of the slope in some of the treatments when compared to control treatments even though a linear model was still applicable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1983.tb02789.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relaxin affects the central control of oxytocin release (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 372-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Rats were taken from the departmental colony where they had been housed in an environment of controlled light and temperature, with water and food available ad libitum. The day of delivery was denoted as day 1, and the animals were used between days 8 and 12 of lactation. The protocol for these ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309372a0
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