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  • Other Sources  (7)
  • 2000-2004
  • 1985-1989  (7)
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  • 1
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    Hematological measurements in rats flown on Spacelab shuttle, SL-3 (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Previous studies have shown that a decrease in red cell mass occurs in astronauts, and some studies indicate a leukocytosis occurs. A life science module housing young and mature rats was flown on shuttle mission Spacelab 3 (SL-3), and the results of hematology studies of flight and control rats are presented. Statistically significant increases in the hematocrit, red blood cell counts, and hemoglobin determinations, together with a mild neutrophilia and lymphopenia, were found in flight animals. No significant changes were found in bone marrow and spleen cell differentials or erythropoietin determinations. Clonal assays demonstrated an increased erythroid colony formation of flight animal bone marrow cells at erythropoietin doses of 0.02 and 1.0 U/ml but not 0.20 U/ml. These results agree with some but vary from other previously published studies. Erythropoietin assays and clonal studies were performed for the first time.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: The American journal of physiology (ISSN 0002-9513); Volume 252; 2 Pt 2; R216-21
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  • 2
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    Hematology and biochemical findings of Spacelab 1 flight (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The changes in erythropoiesis in astronauts caused by weightlessness was experimentally studied during the Spacelab 1 flight. Immediately after landing showed a mean decrease of 9,3 percent in the four astronauts. Neither hyperoxia nor an increase in blood phosphate caused the decrease. Red cell survival time and iron incorporation postflight were not significantly different from their preflight levels. Serum haptoglobin did not decrease, indicating that intravascular hemolysis was not a major cause of red cell mass change. An increase in serum ferritin after the second day of flight may have been caused by red cell breakdown early in flight. The space flight-induced decrease in red cell mass may result from a failure of erythropoesis to replace cells destroyed by the spleen soon after weightlessness is attained.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
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  • 3
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    Comparative aspects of hematological responses in animal and human models in simulations of weightlessness and space flight (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: This paper reviews some human and animal responses to space flight as well as in control models in simulations of weightlessness. Astronauts after space flight have been found to have a decreased red blood cell mass and plasma volume. The reason for these changes is unknown but appears to be caused primarily by a decrease in the need of red blood cells in the weightless condition. Similar though more moderate changes have been found in human subjects subjected to prolonged bed rest or water immersion. What happens to the red cell mass of laboratory rats flown in microgravity is not known but rats have shown an increase in the rate of random red cell loss in flight suggesting a probable decrease. Rat models subjected to either head-down suspension or restraint alone have shown a decrease in red blood cell masses and a decrease in their plasma volume.
    Keywords: LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)
    Type: Physiologist, Supplement (ISSN 0031-9376); 30; S-113 to
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  • 4
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    Hematologic parameters of astrorats flown on SL-3 (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Hematologic studies were performed on a group of large and small rats which were sacrificed after flying in life sciences shuttle engineering flight SL-3. The results are presented on flight (F) and control (C) 200 gm rats. The small flight animals demonstrated a significant increase in hematocrits, red blood cell counts, hemoglobins and peripheral blood percentages of neutrophils as well as a decrease in percentage of lymphocytes. Erythropoietin (Ep) determinations were similar for the two groups as were the bone marrow an spleen differential counts. In vitro cultures for erythroid colonies of bone marrow showed that in response to different doses of Ep, in all cases where differnces were statistically significant, the F rats had increased colony counts. The changes in red cell parameters could be caused by a decrease in plasma volume. However, no isotopic studies were possible on this flight and this lack points up the need for such studies to determine the red cell mass and plasma volume.
    Keywords: LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)
    Type: Physiologist, Supplement (ISSN 0031-9376); 28; S-195
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  • 5
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    Regulation of hematopoiesis in rats exposed to antiorthostatic, hypokinetic/hypodynamia. I - Model description (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The effect of a 7-day suspension in a jacket and harness with 20-deg head-down tilt on body weight, food and water consumption, and hematological parameters is investigated experimentally in male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 150-175 g. The results are presented in graphs and compared with those for unsuspended controls and with published data on rats and humans exposed to microgravity in space flight. Suspended rats are found to have reduced red-blood-cell mass, erythropoiesis, plasma volume (leading to temporarily increased hematocrit), body weight, and food and water consumption; rightward-shifted oxyhemoglobin-dissociation curves; and unchanged platelet count, leucocyte count or PHA reactivity, and red-blood-cell shape distribution. Since many of these effects are also seen in space flight, the present experimental model is considered a promising technique for simulating the hematopoietic effects of microgravity at 1 g.
    Keywords: LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)
    Type: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine (ISSN 0095-6562); 56; 419-426
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  • 6
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    Spacelab 1 hematology experiment (INS103): Influence of space flight on erythrokinetics in man (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An experiment conducted on the 10-day Spacelab 1 mission aboard the ninth Space Shuttle flight in November to December 1983 was designed to measure factors involved in the control of erythrocyte turnover that might be altered during weightlessness. Blood samples were collected before, during, and after the flight. Immediately after landing, red cell mass showed a mean decrease of 9.3 percent in the four astronauts. Neither hyperoxia nor an increase in blood phosphate was a cause of the decrease. Red cell survival time and iron incorporation postflight were not significantly different from their preflight levels. Serum haptoglobin did not decrease, indicating that intravascular hemolysis was not a major cause of red cell mass change. An increase in serum ferritin after the second day of flight may have been caused by red cell breakdown early in flight. Erythropoietin levels decreased during and after flight, but preflight levels were high and the decrease was not significant. The space flight-induced decrease in red cell mass may result from a failure of erythropoiesis to replace cells destroyed by the spleen soon after weightlessness is attained.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: NASA-TM-58268 , S-548 , NAS 1.15:58268
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Regulation of hematopoiesis in rats exposed to antiorthostatic hypokinetic/hypodynamia. II - Mechanisms of the 'anemia' (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The cause of the red cell mass (RCM) deficit, which occurs in rats during suspenion, is investigated. The experimental conditions and procedures, in which male Sprague-Dawley rats are subjected to antiorthostatic hyypokinetic/hypodynamia and changes in RCM are monitored, are described. The influences of stress, reduced food and water consumption, and antiorhostatic posture on RCM are analyzed. Changes in body weight, RCM, radioiron incorporation, red blood cells (RBC), and reticulocytes, for the rats after head-down suspension are graphically presented; only the changes in RBC are related to the antiorthostatic posture. The data reveal that anemia is primarily caused by reduced food and water consumption and secondly by restricted movements.
    Keywords: LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)
    Type: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine (ISSN 0095-6562); 57; 36-44
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