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  • Mitochondrial DNA  (8)
  • Springer  (8)
  • American Physical Society
  • 2000-2004  (3)
  • 1985-1989  (5)
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  • Springer  (8)
  • American Physical Society
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular analysis of α-thalassemia in Nepal: correlation with malaria endemicity (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of human genetics 45 (2000), S. 127-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-232X
    Keywords: Key words Thalassemia ; Globin ; Genotype ; Haplotype ; Nepal ; Malaria ; Mitochondrial DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Thalassemia is a prevalent hereditary disorder characterized by impaired synthesis of globin chains. It has been suggested that the high frequency of thalassemia might reflect heterozygote advantage due to reduced susceptibility to malaria. In Nepal, malaria has often occurred in places below the altitude of 1200 m. We carried out a microepidemiological study on thalassemia in two neighboring populations in Nepal, the Danuwar and the Tamang. Settlements of the Danuwar are located below the limit of the malarial zone (1200 m in altitude), whereas those of the Tamang are found in malaria-free uplands. Three heterozygotes for hemoglobin (HbE) were observed in the Danuwars. We detected one type (−α3.7I) of α+-thalassemia that involves a deletion of 3.7 kb, leading to a loss of one of two α-globin genes, in the Danuwars, at a high gene frequency of 63%, while the gene frequency in the Tamangs was only 5%. Analysis of the α-globin gene cluster revealed that four different haplotypes were associated with the type of α+-thalassemia in the Danuwars. Nucleotide sequences of the D-loop region in the mitochondrial DNA of the two populations indicated a similar nucleotide diversity in each population. The fixation index, FST, representing the degree of genetic differentiation estimated from mitochondrial DNA diversities (FST, 0.05), was smaller than that obtained from the gene frequencies of α+-thalassemia (FST, 0.55). If we assume neutral molecular evolution in the D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA, these results suggest that the high frequency of α+-thalassemia may be due to biological adaptation to the malarial environment rather than to events such as a bottleneck.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100380050198
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for a direct relationship between mitochondrial genome organization and regeneration ability in hexaploid wheat somatic tissue cultures (1988)
    Springer
    Current genetics 14 (1988), S. 387-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; Genomic variability ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Somatic tissue culture ; Regeneration ability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Embryogenic and non-embryogenic long-term callus cultures of hexaploid wheat exhibit differences in the organization of their mitochondrial genome. Embryogenic and non-embryogenic fractions of callus cultures initiated from immature embryos of the wheat cultivar “Chinese Spring” have been isolated and subsequently subcultured. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments using labelled cloned wheat mitochondrial DNA fragments have shown that the mitochondrial DNA organization of embryogenic subcultures derived from embryogenic parts of “Chinese Spring” calli is closely related to that of the initial “Chinese Spring” calli, while non-embryogenic subcultures derived from non-embryogenic fragments of “Chinese Spring” calli exhibit a mitochondrial DNA organization similar to that found in non-embryogenic calli derived from cultivar “Aquila”. In addition, somatic tissue cultures initiated from three other non-embryogenic wheat cultivars (“Talent”, “Thésée” and “Capitole”) display mitochondrial DNA arrangements similar to those found in cultivar “Aquila”. These results strongly suggest that, in wheat callus cultures, a particular mitochondrial genome organization is correlated with the ability of cultured cells to regenerate whole plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00419997
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological changes in homeotic cytoplasmic male-sterile carrots combined with fertile cytoplasm by asymmetrical cell fusion (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 19 (2000), S. 363-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Daucus carota L. ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Repeated cell fusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) carrot (Daucus carota ssp. sativus) with the petaloid phenotype was asymmetrically fused with eight different fertile cytoplasms to convert the CMS to a fertile state. Restoration to the fertile phenotype was successful with an over 20% efficiency. Cybrids with brown anther sterile, incomplete petaloid sterile, or "combined flower" fused on the same axis were also observed. Restricted DNA fragment patterns revealed that the mitochondrial genome organizations of the cybrids were not identical to those of their parents but were of an intermediate type. Repeated cell fusion to introduce two different foreign cytoplasms into the CMS cytoplasm was effective for obtaining fertile plants. The role of mitochondrial factors which regulate flower organ morphogenesis was demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050741
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of new mitochondrial genome organizations in wheat plants regenerated from somatic tissue cultures (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 77 (1989), S. 169-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Mitochondrial DNA ; Chondriome variability ; In vitro culture ; Plant regeneration ; Wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Plants have been regenerated from short-and long-term in vitro somatic tissue cultures made from immature embryos of the hexaploid wheat cultivar “Chinese Spring”. The mitochondrial genome organization of each regenerated plantlet was studied, after one selfing, by probing Sal I-restricted total DNA with cloned Sal I fragments of wheat mitochondrial DNA derived from a segment of the genome, which displays marked structural changes in response to in vitro culture. Short-term in vitro cultures give rise to regenerated plants whose mitochondrial genome organization is either close to that of the parental cultivar or to that of embryogenic callus cultures, except for a single plant which has an organization resembling that of short-term non-embryogenic cultures. In contrast, all but one of the plants regenerated from long-term cultures exhibited a mitochondrial genome organization similar to that of long-term nonembryogenic cultures. In addition, extra labelled bands were detected in some of the regenerated plants with two of the probes used. These results emphasize the importance of the duration of the in vitro step preceding the regeneration process: the longer it is, the higher the probability is of obtaining mitochondrial DNA variability in regenerated plants. Furthermore, since increasing the duration of the in vitro stetp results in the production of regenerated plants with a mitochondrial genome organization resembling that of non-embryogenic tissue cultures, the question is thus raised as to whether regeneration from long-term cultures is suitable for use in plant breeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266182
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some physicochemical properties of rice mitochondrial DNA (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 77 (1989), S. 581-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Mitochondrial DNA ; Plasmids ; Rice-electron microsocopy ; CMS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Certain physicochemical properties of rice mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were determined. Certain low-molecular-weight mtDNA bands were found in addition to the major mtDNA band. Rice mtDNA appeared in the electron microscope as a collection of linear molecules with heterogeneous length in the range of 1–156 kb. The major distribution area was 60–105 kb. A small fraction (less than 5%) of rice mtDNA was found in the form of a circular molecule. Some molecules had the appearance of being supercoiled. Replication fork structures were found in both circular and linear mtDNA molecules. In one rice species, Jin Nante, 15 different circular molecules were found. Rice mtDNA was digested with different restriction enzymes. The total molecular weight of rice mtDNA was calculated to be about 300 kb according to the data of restriction enzyme digestion and electron microscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00274284
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Asymmetric hybridization between cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) and fertile rice (Oryza safiva L.) protoplasts (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 76 (1988), S. 801-808 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Asymmetric protoplast fusion ; Cytoplasmic male sterility ; Electrofusion ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 60Co-irradiated protoplasts of the cytoplasmic male-sterile line A-58 CMS (Oryza saliva L.) were electrofused with iodoacetamide (IOA)-treated protoplasts of the fertile (normal) rice cultivar ‘Fujiminori’. Seven of the colonies that formed were identified as cytoplasmic hybrids (cybrids): they all had the peroxidase isozymes of the fertile ‘Fujiminori’ parent, but contained four plasmid-like DNAs (Bl, B2, B3 and B4) from the sterile A-58 CMS parent in their mitochondrial genomes. In addition, digestion of cybrid mtDNA gave a set of restriction fragments that differed from those of the parents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00273664
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant regeneration from cytoplasmic hybrids of rice (Oryza sativa L.) (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 77 (1989), S. 305-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Asymmetric protoplast fusion ; Cytoplasmic male-sterility ; Electrofusion ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We obtained cybrid plants by electrofusing γ-irradiated protoplasts of a cytoplasmic male-sterile line “A-58 CMS” (Oryza sativa L.) and iodoacetamide (IOA)-treated protoplasts of the fertile (normal) rice cultivar “Fujiminori”. The cybridity of the plants was confirmed by mitochondrial (mt) DNA restriction endonuclease, and plasmid-like DNA analyses, and by isozyme, cytological and morphological investigations. The chromosome number of the cybrid plants is 24.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00305820
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The mitochondrial DNA of Dictyostelium discoideum: complete sequence, gene content and genome organization (2000)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 263 (2000), S. 514-519 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key wordsDictyostelium discoideum ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Genome sequencing ; Genetic map ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We present an overview of the gene content and organization of the mitochondrial genome of Dictyostelium discoideum. The mitochondria genome consists of 55,564 bp with an A + T content of 72.6%. The identified genes include those for two ribosomal RNAs (rnl and rns), 18 tRNAs, ten subunits of the NADH dehydrogenase complex (nad1, 2, 3, 4, 4L, 5, 6, 7, 9 and 11), apocytochrome b (cytb), three subunits of the cytochrome oxidase (cox1/2 and 3), four subunits of the ATP synthase complex (atp1, 6, 8 and 9), 15 ribosomal proteins, and five other ORFs, excluding intronic ORFs. Notable features of D. discoideum mtDNA include the following. (1) All genes are encoded on the same strand of the DNA and a universal genetic code is used. (2) The cox1 gene has no termination codon and is fused to the downstream cox2 gene. The 13 genes for ribosomal proteins and four ORF genes form a cluster 15.4 kb long with several gene overlaps. (3) The number of tRNAs encoded in the genome is not sufficient to support the synthesis of mitochondrial protein. (4) In total, five group I introns reside in rnl and cox1/2, and three of those in cox1/2 contain four free-standing ORFs. We compare the genome to other sequenced mitochondrial genomes, particularly that of Acanthamoeba castellanii.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00008685
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