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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 17 (1988), S. 83-94 
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Thermal diffusion ; Soret effect ; Soret coefficient ; complex ions ; entropy of transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The Soret effect in dilute aqueous solutions (0.01–0.1m) of Na2MgEDTA and Na2CaEDTA is investigated using the flow-cell method. The Soret coefficients obtained from thermal diffusion experiments conducted at 25°C are reported. Heats of transport have been estimated based on the Debye-Hückel theory and the molar entropies of transport, calculated. Results of the present work have been compared with the Soret data for MgCl2 and CaCl2. It is suggested that the solvent exchange effect may account for the differences in the Soret effect observed between the pairs (Mg+2, Ca+2) and (MgEDTA−2, CaEDTA−2).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 76 (1989), S. 15-23 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 107 (2000), S. 343-349 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The incidence of skewed X-inactivation in normal women is controversial, with up to 10-fold differences being reported by different authors. In order to clarify this issue, we have conducted a survey of the X-inactivation patterns in 270 informative females from various age groups, using the androgen receptor gene/polymerase chain reaction assay. Results obtained by using DNA extracted from blood samples show that the incidence of severe skewing (defined here as ratios ≥90:10) is relatively common and increases with age (P〈0.05), occurring in 7% of women under 25 years of age, and 16% of women over 60. In order to study tissue-specific patterns of X-inactivation, samples of both buccal and urinary epithelia were also obtained from 88 of the females studied. Although there was a significant association of the X-inactivation ratios between each tissue in most individuals, wide variations were apparent in some cases, making accurate extrapolations between tissues impossible. The degree of correlation between each tissue also fell markedly with age. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that the major factors in the aetiology of skewed X-inactivation are secondary selection processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The discharge rates of premotor, brain-stem neurons that create eye movements modulate in relation to eye velocity yet firing rates of extraocular motoneurons contain both eye-position and eyevelocity signals. The eye-position signal is derived from the eye-velocity command by means of a neural network which functioins as a temporal integrator. We have previously proposed a network of lateral-inhibitory neurons that is capable of performing the required integration. That analysis centered on the temporal aspects of the signal processing for a limited class of idealized inputs. All of its cells were identical and carried only the integrated signal. Recordings in the brain stem, however, show that neurons in the region of the neural integrator have a variety of background firing rates, all carry some eye-velocity signal as well as the eye-position signal, and carry the former with different strengths depending on the type of eye movement being made. It was necessary to see if the proposed model could be modified to make its neurons more realistic. By modifying the spatial distribution of afferents to the network, we demonstrate that the same basic model functions properly in spite of afferents with nonuniform background firing rates. To introduce the eye-velocity signal a double-layer network, consisting of inhibitory and excitatory cells, was necessary. By presenting the velocity input to only local regions of this network it was shown that all cells in the network still carried the integrated signal and that its cells could carry different eye-velocity signals for different types of eye movements. Thus, this model stimulates quantitatively and qualitatively, the behavior of neurons seen in the region of the neural integrator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 164 (1989), S. 621-628 
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A computer controlled setup is introduced which allows the song analysis of both male and femaleLeptophyes punctatissima during duetting in a laboratory situation. The essential acoustical parameters for the initiation of the male's phonotactic approach towards the stationary female are described. The female responds ‘reflex-like’ to the male song after a remarkably short delay time of about 28 ms. The male only performs phonotaxis if he perceives the female reply above an intensity value of about 50 dB SPL and if the female response falls within a critical ‘time window’ from 25 to a maximum of 55 ms after the onset of his song (Figs. 3 and 5). The sound intensity and overall time delay of the female response can be varied independently, so that the relationship between both parameters and their limitations for maximum phonotaxis distance can be described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: epidemiology ; Solanum ; spraing ; true potato seed ; TRV
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract It was previously thought that Tobacco Rattle Virus (TRV) was self-eliminating from seed potato stocks and that the principal effects of the virus were the spraing symptoms (arcs or lines of corky brown tissue) formed in the tuber flesh. Recent work has clearly demonstrated that the virus can become fully and systemically established in some potato cultivars, with few, if any, tuber flesh symptoms. The studies reported here demonstrate that, in at least one such cultivar, an M-type strain of the virus can have a considerable effect on the growth and quality of the plant and its produce. When infected material was compared with healthy material, overall yield and yield components were severely affected by TRV, as were quality traits such as dry matter, after-cooking blackening and chemical components such as sugars, glycoalkaloids and chlorogenic acid. The results are discussed in terms of plant response to virus infection and plant protection mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 117 (1989), S. 185-193 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: carbon ; exudation ; mineralisation ; nitrogen ; rhizosphere ; root ; uptake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The possibility is examined that carbon (C) released into the soil from a root could enhance the availability of inorganic nitrogen (N) to plants by stimulating microbial activity. The release of soluble C compounds from roots is assumed to occur by one of two general processes: cortical cell death or exudation from intact cells. On the basis of several assumptions chosen to allow maximal amounts of N mineralisation to be calculated, greater amounts of net N mineralisation are theoretically possible at realistic soil C:N ratios of bacteria are grazed by predators such as protozoa, than if bacteria alone are active. More N is mineralised when the substrate released from the root has a high C:N ratio (as in cell death) than when it is relatively N-rich. The amounts of N that a root might realistically cause to be mineralised are unlikely to account entirely for high nitrate inflow rates that have been measured experimentally. However there are circumstances in which the loss of C from roots is essential if any N is to be mineralised and obtained by plants.
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2000-06-01
    Print ISSN: 1286-4560
    Electronic ISSN: 1297-966X
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Springer
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1985-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0340-1200
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0770
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1989-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0032-079X
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-5036
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Springer
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