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  • Life Sciences (General)  (8)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (4)
  • 2000-2004  (8)
  • 1985-1989  (4)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1945-1949
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On-line combination of liquid chromatography and capillary gas chromatography. Preconcentration and analysis of organic compounds in aqueous samples (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 11 (1988), S. 181-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary GC ; Coupled LC-GC ; Large injection volumes ; Trace analysis ; Aqueous samples ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: This paper describes the design of a new, versatile, and low-cost on-line LC-GC interface that allows the fast and reliable introduction of large sample volumes onto a capillary GC column. The sample introduction procedure consists successively of: evaporation of the entire sample (LC fraction), selective removal of the solvent and simultaneously cold-trapping of the solutes, splitless transfer of the solutes to the GC column, on-column focusing, GC separation and detection. Quantitative and qualitative aspects of various experimental parameters are evaluated and optimum conditions are reported. The applicability of the method is demonstrated on a synthetic aqueous sample of chlorinated pesticides.
    Zusätzliches Material: 15 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240110208
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Determination of the synthetic steroid norgestomet in bovine plasma by capillary column gas chromatography/negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry (1988)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 17 (1988), S. 121-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A sensitive and specific method is described for the determination of norgestomet in bovine plasma as low as 10 ppt with better than 83% average recovery and a relative standard deviation (RSD) of range 1-3%. Norgestomet is separated from the bulk of the endogenous substances in plasma by adsorption on a PrepSep C18 extraction column and elution with acetonitrile. The residue after evaporation of acetonitrile is reacted with O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine hydrochloride to form syn and anti geometric isomers of the mono-oxime derivative. The derivative, after further clean-up and evaporation of solvent, is reconstituted with cyclohexane, and an aliquot is analyzed by capillary column gas chromatography/negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry using methane as the carrier gas. Selected ion monitoring was employed to detect the [M - HF]- fragment ion of the norgestomet mono-oxime derivative (m/z 547) and its dideuterated mono-oxime analog (m/z 549) which serves as the internal standard. Quantification is achieved by using the Quantitative Selectd Ion Monitoring Processing System (QSIMPS) softwere to generate a standard curve of fragment ion area ratios v. concentration of norgestomet, and then calculate sample concentrations.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200170208
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    X-ray fluorescence determination of light rare earth elements, Y and Th, by the fusion technique (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 14 (1985), S. 53-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A method for the determination of rare earth elements, Y and Th in raw materials with different matrices is described. The sample is fused with Li2B4O7 and Cr and Mo are added as internal standards. Single elements can be determined in a wide range of concentrations, viz. Ce, Nd, La and Pr from 0.02 to 25% and Sm, Gd, Y, Th and Eu from 0.005 to 1%. The use of the LiF (110) crystal and, possibly, chemical separation, reduces the coincidence of lines to a minimum. Mutual interaction between single elements is prevented by the application of empirical corrections.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300140204
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Structure and fragmentation of [C6H13O]+ ions formed by chemical ionization (1987)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 22 (1987), S. 216-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The structure and fragmentation of eight [C6H13O] + ions formed by protonation of C6H12O carbonyl compounds in the gas phase have been investigated using isotopic labeling and metastable ion studies to investigate the fragmentation reactions and collisional dissociation studies to probe ion structures. Protonated 3-methyl-2-pentanone and protonated 2-methyl-3-pentanone readily-interconvert by pinacolic-retro-pinacolic rearrangements; the remaining six ions represent stable ion structures, although in many cases fragmentation is preceded by pinacolic-type rearrangements. Unimolecular (metastable ion) fragmentation of the [C6H13O] + species occurs by elimination of H2O, C3H6, C4H8 and C2H4O. The last three elimination reactions appear to occur through the intermediacy of a proton-bound complex of a carbonyl compound and an olefin, with the proton residing with the species of higher proton affinity on decomposition of the complex.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210220408
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  • 5
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    Lessons learned from Shuttle/Mir: psychosocial countermeasures (2002)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-24
    Beschreibung: BACKGROUND: During future long-duration space missions, countermeasures need to be developed to deal with psychosocial issues that might impact negatively on crewmember performance and well-being. METHODS: In our recently completed NASA-funded study of 5 U.S. astronauts, 8 Russian cosmonauts, and 42 U.S. and 16 Russian mission control personnel who participated in the Shuttle/Mir program, we evaluated a number of important psychosocial issues such as group tension, cohesion, leadership role, and the displacement of negative emotions from crewmembers to people in mission control and from mission control personnel to management. RESULTS: Based on our findings, which are reviewed, a number of psychosocial countermeasures are suggested to help ameliorate the negative impact of potential psychosocial problems during future manned space missions. CONCLUSIONS: Crewmembers should be selected not only to rule out psychopathology but also to select-in for group compatibility and facility in a common language. Training should include briefings and team building related to a number of psychosocial issues and should involve both crewmembers and mission control personnel. During the mission, both experts on the ground and the crewmembers themselves should be alert to potential interpersonal problems, including the displacement of negative emotions from the crew to the ground. Supportive activities should consist of both individual and interpersonal strategies, including an awareness of changing leisure time needs. Finally, attention should be given to postmission readjustment and to supporting the families on Earth.
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences (General)
    Materialart: Aviation, space, and environmental medicine (ISSN 0095-6562); Volume 73; 6; 607-11
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Asthenia--does it exist in space? (2001)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-24
    Beschreibung: OBJECTIVE: First popularized as neurasthenia in the late 1800s by American George Beard, asthenia has been viewed by Russian psychologists and flight surgeons as a major problem that affects cosmonauts participating in long-duration space missions. However, there is some controversy about whether this syndrome exists in space; this controversy is attributable in part to the fact that it is not recognized in the current American psychiatric diagnostic system. METHODS: To address this issue empirically, we retrospectively examined the data from our 4 1/2-year, NASA-funded study of crew member and mission control interactions during the Shuttle/Mir space program. Three of the authors identified eight items of stage 1 asthenia from one of our measures, the Profile of Mood States (POMS). Scores on these items from 13 Russian and American crew members were compared with scores derived from the opinions of six Russian space experts. RESULTS: Crew members' scores in space were significantly lower than the experts' scores on seven of the eight items, and they generally were in the "not at all" to "a little" range of the item scales. There were no differences in mean scores before and after launch or across the four quarters of the missions. There were no differences in response between Russian and American crew members. CONCLUSIONS: We could not demonstrate the presence of asthenia in space as operationally defined using the POMS. However, the POMS addresses only emotional and not physiological aspects of the syndrome, and the subject responses in our study generally were skewed toward the positive end of the scales. Further research on this syndrome needs to be done and should include physiological measures and measures that are specific to asthenia.
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences (General)
    Materialart: Psychosomatic medicine (ISSN 0033-3174); Volume 63; 6; 874-80
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Human interactions during Shuttle/Mir space missions (2001)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-24
    Beschreibung: To improve the interpersonal climate of crewmembers involved with long-duration space missions, it is important to understand the factors affecting their interactions with each other and with members of mission control. This paper will present findings from a recently completed NASA-funded study during the Shuttle/Mir program which evaluated in-group/out-group displacement of negative emotions; changes in tension, cohesion, and leader support over time; and cultural differences. In-flight data were collected from 5 astronauts, 8 cosmonauts, and 42 American and 16 Russian mission control personnel who signed informed consent. Subjects completed a weekly questionnaire that assessed their mood and perception of their work group's interpersonal climate using questions from well-known, standardized measures (Profile of Mood States, Group and Work Environment Scales) and a critical incident log. There was strong evidence for the displacement of tension and dysphoric emotions from crewmembers to mission control personnel and from mission control personnel to management. There was a perceived decrease in commander support during the 2nd half of the missions, and for American crewmembers a novelty effect was found on several subscales during the first few months on-orbit. There were a number of differences between American and Russian responses which suggested that the former were less happy with their interpersonal environment than the latter. Mission control personnel reported more tension and dysphoria than crewmembers, although both groups scored better than other work groups on Earth. Nearly all reported critical incidents came from ground subjects, with Americans and Russians showing important differences in response frequencies.
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences (General)
    Materialart: Acta astronautica (ISSN 0094-5765); Volume 48; 5-12; 777-84
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Temporal dynamics of emergency department and hospital admissions of pediatric asthmatics (2004)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-24
    Beschreibung: Asthma is a chronic disease that can result in exacerbations leading to urgent care in emergency departments (EDs) and hospitals. We examined seasonal and temporal trends in pediatric asthma ED (1997-1999) and hospital (1986-1999) admission data so as to identify periods of increased risk of urgent care by age group, gender, and race. All pediatric ED and hospital admission data for Maryland residents occurring within the state of Maryland were evaluated. Distinct peaks in pediatric ED and hospital asthma admissions occurred each year during the winter-spring and autumn seasons. Although the number and timing of these peaks were consistent across age and racial groups, the magnitude of the peaks differed by age and race. The same number, timing, and relative magnitude of the major peaks in asthma admissions occurred statewide, implying that the variables affecting these seasonal patterns of acute asthma exacerbations occur statewide. Similar gross seasonal trends are observed worldwide. Although several environmental, infectious, and psychosocial factors have been linked with increases in asthma exacerbations among children, thus far they have not explained these seasonal patterns of admissions. The striking temporal patterns of pediatric asthma admissions within Maryland, as described here, provide valuable information in the search for causes.
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences (General)
    Materialart: Environmental research (ISSN 0013-9351); Volume 94; 1; 7-17
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Relationships between pediatric asthma and socioeconomic/urban variables in Baltimore, Maryland (2004)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-24
    Beschreibung: Spatial relationships between clinical data for pediatric asthmatics (hospital and emergency department utilization rates), and socioeconomic and urban characteristics in Baltimore City were analyzed with the aim of identifying factors that contribute to increased asthma rates. Socioeconomic variables and urban characteristics derived from satellite data explained 95% of the spatial variation in hospital rates. The proportion of families headed by a single female was the most important variable accounting for 89% of the spatial variation. Evidence suggests that the high rates of hospital admissions and emergency department (ED) visits may partially be due to the difficulty of single parents with limited resources managing their child's asthma condition properly. This knowledge can be used for education towards mitigating ED and hospital events in Baltimore City.
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences (General)
    Materialart: Health & place (ISSN 1353-8292); Volume 10; 2; 141-52
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Comparison of aortic and carotid baroreflex stimulus-response characteristics in humans (2001)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13
    Beschreibung: In order to characterize the stimulus-response relationships of the arterial, aortic, and carotid baroreflexes in mediating cardiac chronotropic function, we measured heart rate (HR) responses elicited by acute changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and carotid sinus pressure (CSP) in 11 healthy individuals. Arterial (aortic + carotid) baroreflex control of HR was quantified using ramped changes in MAP induced by bolus injection of phenylephrine (PE) and sodium nitroprusside (SN). To assess aortic-cardiac responses, neck pressure (NP) and suction (NS) were applied during PE and SN administration, respectively, to counter alterations in CSP thereby isolating the aortic baroreflex. Graded levels of NP and NS were delivered to the carotid sinus using a customized neck collar device to assess the carotid-cardiac baroreflex, independent of drug infusion. The operating characteristics of each reflex were determined from the logistic function of the elicited HR response to the induced change in MAP. The arterial pressures at which the threshold was located on the stimulus-response curves determined for the arterial, aortic and carotid baroreflexes were not significantly different (72+/-4, 67+/-3, and 72+/-4 mm Hg, respectively, P 〉 0.05). Similarly, the MAP at which the saturation of the reflex responses were elicited did not differ among the baroreflex arcs examined (98+/-3, 99+/-2, and 102+/-3 mm Hg, respectively). These data suggest that the baroreceptor populations studied operate over the same range of arterial pressures. This finding indicates each baroreflex functions as both an important anti-hypotensive and anti-hypertensive mechanism. In addition, this investigation describes a model of aortic baroreflex function in normal healthy humans, which may prove useful in identifying the origin of baroreflex dysfunction in disease- and training-induced conditions.
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences (General)
    Materialart: Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical (ISSN 1566-0702); 88; 2-Jan; 74-85
    Format: text
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