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  • Oxford University Press  (8)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (6)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (5)
  • 2000-2004  (12)
  • 1990-1994  (7)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 96 (1992), S. 2681-2690 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Interference effects in electronic absorption spectra caused by coupling between excited states are calculated and interpreted by using numerical integration of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation and the time-dependent theory of electronic spectroscopy. The interference between nearby spin-forbidden doublet and spin-allowed quartet states of chromium (III) and vanadium (II) metal complexes causes sharp decreases of intensity or dips in the envelopes of absorption bands. The states are coupled by spin–orbit coupling. The origin of the dips is explained in terms of interference between wave packets moving on potential energy surfaces representing the states. The importance of curve crossing and amplitude transfer between the states is analyzed quantitatively. The theory is applied to the absorption spectrum of a chromium (III) complex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 94 (1991), S. 2509-2512 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The frequency of seven rovibrational transitions in the ν3 band, Q branch of 188OsO4 have been measured with high accuracy. The spectrometer used consists of two CO2 lasers [∼3 W on the 10R(0)], the first of which is stabilized on the 4.3 μm fluorescence Lamb dip of the CO2 and the second on the saturated absorption dip of the rovibrational transitions of 188OsO4. The OsO4 transition frequencies are obtained combining the known frequency of the first laser with the measured frequency of the beat note between the two laser beams. For the assignment of the transitions the recent Fourier transform analysis by Bobin et al. [J. Mol. Spectrosc. 122, 229 (1987)] was used. The access to the 10R(0) laser line has made it possible to investigate, for the first time, the Q branch of the ν3 band of OsO4 in a sub-Doppler regime. Furthermore, the tetrahedral fine structure in the ground and in the ν3 state has been analyzed using the infrared–radio frequency double resonance technique. The tetrahedral splitting constants, Dt for the ground state and Z3t for the ν3 state, have been calculated with higher accuracy than in previous works.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 73 (2002), S. 1841-1844 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Si–N based membrane calorimeters are a promising technology for the study of thermal properties of small quantities of materials in both pulsed and steady-state magnetic fields to 60 T and beyond. We present results that demonstrate our ability to measure the heat capacity of thin film samples from 2–300 K in steady-state fields up to 8 T. These measurements include the magnetoresistance of the Pt and Nb–Si thermometers and focus on confirming that the thermal conductance of the Si–N membrane does not change significantly in magnetic fields. This means the thermal conductance needs to be measured only in zero field, reducing the measurement time in high field. This is particularly important for future measurements in fields up to 60 T. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 60 (1992), S. 1402-1403 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High purity (less than 1% carbon) thin films of rhodium and iridium metal have been obtained by laser-assisted organometallic chemical vapor deposition. Gaseous (η5-C5H5)M(C2H4)2 (M=Rh,Ir) was the organometallic precursor. Depositions were carried out in an atmosphere of He and H2 at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Wavelength dependence studies of the rhodium precursor have shown that only irradiation into the compound's charge transfer band causes deposition. Deposits can also be obtained thermally. The films were analyzed by x-ray diffraction and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 73 (2002), S. 446-452 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A balloon-borne mass spectrometer system has been flown successfully to determine the chemical composition of polar stratospheric aerosols over northern Scandinavia. The experiment combines an aerodynamic lens which collimates the aerosols into a narrow beam, a small sphere in which they evaporate, and a mass spectrometer for gas analysis. High-speed differential pumping by two liquid helium pumps effectively lowers the presence of ambient gases without affecting the particles of the beam. Field measurements and aerosol studies inside a large cryo-chamber have shown that the concept of particle focusing, evaporation and subsequent mass spectrometric gas analysis is a reliable technique to determine the molecular composition of aerosols especially in polar stratospheric clouds. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 98 (1993), S. 10049-10060 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The adsorption dynamics of water on NaCl(100) is studied by molecular dynamics calculations as a function of coverage. We find that, starting from a critical coverage of about 1/2 monolayer, a coupling of the water dipoles sets in and the interaction between the water molecules wins over the interaction between adsorbate and substrate leading via percolation to formation of infinite cluster networks. This effect is confirmed qualitatively by surface sensitive optical second harmonic measurements with well-controlled water exposure. At a coverage of one bilayer, a two-dimensional "ice'' structure is found to be stable. Simulated low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) patterns for this configuration are in excellent agreement with recent observation of a c(4×2) overstructure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 69 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : In the past, deliberate contamination of foods in the U.S. has been committed by individual criminals, disgruntled employees, or political activists with a narrow agenda. After September 11, 2001, every nation has had to consider a much wider range of food security issues. Food is a global commodity and nearly every country both exports and imports foods. Every nation must consider the security of its domestic production and look beyond its borders to its trading partners to assure the safety of its food supply. In the nearly 2 years since September 11, 2001, many steps have been taken to improve food security. New legislation has been enacted to strengthen the ability of government to respond to terrorist threats. New relationships have been forged between food security agencies, law enforcement, and the intelligence community. Virtually every segment of the domestic and imported food supply has come under scrutiny in an effort to identify points of weakness and appropriate protective measures. Gaps in our knowledge about specific agents and food processes have been identified and research to fill these gaps has been initiated. This effort will continue for the foreseeable future and could have a wide range of benefits, including improvements to food safety, a reduction in product counterfeiting, and a reduction in the “gray market” food trade. The scale and diversity of the U.S. food supply makes it an attractive target, but at the same time makes it very resilient and responsive to emerging threats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 213 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The detection of ancient microbial DNA offers a new approach for the study of infectious diseases, their occurrence, frequency and host–pathogen interaction in historic times and populations. Moreover, data obtained from skeletal and mummified tissue may represent an important completion of contemporary phylogenetic analyses of pathogens. In the last few years, a variety of bacterial, protozoal and viral infections have been detected in ancient tissue samples by amplification and characterization of specific DNA fragments. This holds particularly true for the identification of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, which seems to be more robust than other microbes due to its waxy, hydrophobic and lipid-rich cell wall. These observations provided useful information about the occurrence, but also the frequency of tuberculosis in former populations. Moreover, these studies suggest new evolutionary models and indicate the route of transmission between human and animals. Until now, other pathogens, such as Mycobacterium leprae, Yersinia pestis, Plasmodium falciparum and others, have occasionally been identified – mostly in single case studies or small sample sizes – as well, although much less information is available on these pathogens in ancient settings. The main reason therefore seems to be the degradation and modification of ancient DNA by progressive oxidative damage. Furthermore, the constant risk of contamination by recent DNA forces to take time and cost effective measures and renders the analysis of ancient microbes difficult. Nevertheless, the study of microbial ancient DNA significantly contributes to the understanding of transmission and spread of infectious diseases, and potentially to the evolution and phylogenetic pathways of pathogens.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 217 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A fast and reliable Multiplex-PCR assay was established to identify the species Lactobacillus johnsonii. Two opposing rRNA gene-targeted primers have been designed for this specific PCR detection. Specificity was verified with DNA samples isolated from different lactic acid bacteria. Out of 47 Lactobacillus strains isolated from different environments, 16 were identified as L. johnsonii by PCR. The same set of strains was investigated with five alternative molecular typing methods: enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR), repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (REP-PCR), amplified fragment length polymorphism, single triplicate arbitrarily primed PCR, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in order to compare the discriminatory power of these methods. The reported data strongly support the highly significant heterogeneity among all L. johnsonii isolates, potentially linked to their origin of isolation. The use of species-specific primers as well as rapid and highly powerful PCR-based molecular typing tools (namely ERIC- and REP-PCR techniques) should be respectively envisaged for identifying, differentiating and monitoring L. johnsonii strains from various environmental samples, for product monitoring, for species tracing in clinical studies as well as bacterial profiling of various microecological or gastrointestinal environments.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: One hundred and six isolates of the genus Bifidobacterium, isolated from different environments (mainly gastrointestinal), were identified and classified taxonomically to species level by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis. Two restriction endonucleases (Sau3AI and BamHI) were chosen for aligning the 16S rRNA sequences of 16 bifidobacterial species retrieved from various databases, to obtain species-specific restriction patterns. A rapid and accurate identification scheme was obtained by comparing the resulting 16S rDNA digestion profiles of 16 Bifidobacterium type-strains and 90 strains of various origins. All of the investigated strains were previously confirmed at the species level as belonging to the genus Bifidobacterium by fluorescence in-situ hybridisation and by polymerase chain reaction amplification with genus- and species-specific primers. The present work demonstrates that species-specific detection of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium animalis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium catenulatum, Bifidobacterium coryneforme, Bifidobacterium cuniculi, Bifidobacterium dentium, Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium lactis, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium suis, Bifidobacterium magnum, Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum and Bifidobacterium pullorum present in different micro-ecological environments (e.g. gastrointestinal tract) can be accomplished in a reliable, rapid and accurate manner, circumventing the recognised deficiencies of traditional identification techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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