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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex Pheromone Components of Nettle Caterpillar, Setora nitens (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 26 (2000), S. 1983-1990 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Setora nitens ; Setothosea asigna ; nettle caterpillar ; Limacodidae ; Lepidoptera ; sex pheromone ; (Z)-9-dodecenal ; (Z)-9,11-dodecadienal ; (E)-9-dodecenal ; (E)-9,11-dodecadienal ; oil palm ; Elaeis guineensis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Gas chromatographic–electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) analyses of pheromone gland extracts of female nettle caterpillars, Setora nitens, revealed four compounds that consistently elicited responses from male moth antennae. Retention indices on three fused silia columns (DB-5, DB-23, and DB-210) of two EAD-active compounds were almost identical to those of (E)-9-dodecenal (E9–12 : Ald) and (E)-9,11-dodecadienal (E9,11–12 : Ald), two pheromone components previously identified in congeneric Setothosea asigna. However, comparative GC, GC-EAD, and GC-mass spectrometry of extracted S. nitens compounds and authentic standards revealed that the candidate pheromone components were (Z)-9-dodecenal (Z9–12 : Ald) and (Z)-9,11-dodecadienal (Z9,11–12 : Ald). The two other EAD-active compounds in pheromone gland extracts proved to be the corresponding alcohols to these aldehydes. In field-trapping experiments in Tawau, Malaysia, synthetic Z9–12 : Ald and Z9,11–12 : Ald at a 1 : 1 ratio, but not singly, attracted male S. nitens. Attractiveness of these two aldehydes could not be enhanced through the addition of their corresponding alcohols. Whether these differences in pheromone biology and chemistry between S. nitens and S. asigna are sufficient to prevent cross-attraction of heterospecific males or whether nonpheromonal mechanisms are required to maintain reproductive isolation is currently being studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005513211225
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decadienoates: Sex Pheromone Components of Nettle Caterpillars Darna trima and D. bradleyi (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 26 (2000), S. 1969-1981 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Limacodidae ; Darna trima ; Darna bradleyi ; Setothosea asigna ; Setora nitens ; nettle caterpillars ; oil palm ; sex pheromone ; 2-methylbutyl (E)-7,9-decadienoate ; (E)-2-hexenyl (E)-7,9-decadienoate ; methyl (E)-7,9-decadienoate ; isobutyl (E)-7,9-decadienoate ; (E)-9dodecenal ; (E)-9,11-dodecadienal ; (Z)-9-dodecenal ; (Z)-9,11-dodecadienal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract This study was undertaken to identify sex pheromone components of nettle caterpillars Darna trima and Darna bradleyi (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae) whose larvae defoliate oil palm, Elaeis guineensis, in southeast Asia. Coupled gas chromatographic–electroantennographic detection (GCEAD) analyses of pheromone gland extracts revealed two antennally active compounds produced by female D. trima and two by female D. bradleyi. Molecular structures of these candidate pheromone components were identified by electron-impact and chemical-ionization mass spectrometry; retention-index calculations on DB-5, DB-23, and DB-210 columns; microanalytical treatments, as well as syntheses of "auxilliary" compounds that facilitated identification of the compounds. The compounds from D. trima were 2-methylbutyl (E)-7,9-decadienoate (A) and (E)-2-hexenyl (E)-7,9decadienoate (B); from D. bradleyi we identified methyl (E)-7,9-decadienoate (C), and isobutyl (E)-7,9-decadienoate (D). In field experiments in Malaysia, (S)-2-methylbutyl (E)-7,9-decadienoate (SA) in combination with B proved to be essential and synergistic pheromone components for attraction of male D. trima. (R)-2-Methylbutyl (E)-7,9-decadienoate (RA) had no behavioral activity. Compound D singly attracted male D. bradleyi, but addition of C to D at a 1 : 10 ratio significantly enhanced attractiveness of the bait. Synthetic pheromone blends were more effective trap baits than unmated female moths and could be developed for monitoring populations of D. trima and D. bradleyi in Asian oil palm plantations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005561127155
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