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  • Springer  (573)
  • Cambridge University Press  (52)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
  • 2000-2004  (150)
  • 1995-1999  (401)
  • 1965-1969  (110)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metal substitution in transferrins: specific binding of cerium(IV) revealed by the crystal structure of cerium-substituted human lactoferrin (2000)
    Springer
    JBIC 5 (2000), S. 692-698 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1327
    Keywords: Metal substitution Cerium binding Lactoferrin Crystal structure Transferrin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. Proteins of the transferrin family play a key role in iron homeostasis through their extremely strong binding of iron, as Fe3+. They are nevertheless able to bind a surprisingly wide variety of other metal ions. To investigate how metal ions of different size, charge and coordination characteristics are accommodated, we have determined the crystal structure of human lactoferrin (Lf) complexed with Ce4+. The structure, refined at 2.2 Å resolution (R=20.2%, R free=25.7%) shows that the two Ce4+ ions occupy essentially the same positions as do Fe3+, and that the overall protein structure is unchanged; the same closed structure is formed for Ce2Lf as for Fe2Lf. The larger metal ion is accommodated by small shifts in the protein ligands, made possible by the presence of water molecules adjacent to each binding site. The two Ce4+ sites are equally occupied, indicating that the known difference in the pH-dependent release of Ce4+ arises from a specific protonation event, possibly of the His ligand in one of the binding sites. Comparing the effects of binding Ce4+ with those for the binding of other metal ions, we conclude that the ability of transferrins to accommodate metal ions other than Fe3+ depends on an interplay of charge, size, coordination and geometrical preferences of the bound metal ion. However, it is the ability to accept the six-coordinate, approximately octahedral, site provided by the protein that is of greatest importance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007750000157
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Technical Opportunities for International Collaborations by the U.S. Fusion Program (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of fusion energy 19 (2000), S. 65-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9591
    Keywords: Fusion energy ; international collaboration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract This report was prepared by a Working Group at the request of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences in 1997. The report addresses technical opportunities for mutually beneficial collaboration between the United States and other international fusion research programs. A number of outstanding opportunities are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1012281826821
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antioxidant survey to assess antagonism to redox stress using a prokaryotic and an eukaryotic system (1996)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 52 (1996), S. 597-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Glutathione ; free radicals ; antioxidants ; oxidant stressors ; buthionine ; menadione
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Using a prokaryote (Escherichia coli) and a metazoa-resembling eukaryote (Ochromonas danica), we surveyed antioxidants which might overcome redox stress imposed by menadione sodium bisulphite (MD) and buthionine sulphoximine (BSO). BSO oxidant stress was evident only inO. danica; MD oxidant stress was evident in both organisms. Glutathione, its precursors, e.g. cysteine, homocysteine, and 2-oxo-4-thiazolidine carboxylic acid, and red blood cells, emerged as prime antioxidants for relieving BSO and MD oxidant stress. BSO and MD oxidant activity and antioxidant-annulling effect inO. danica were judged comparable to those found in animal cells whereas the resultsE. coli were not entirely equivalent. TheO. danica system emerged as a practical, rapid, and useful system for pinpointing oxidant stressors and antioxidants, and shows promise for studies with mammalian systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01969736
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth hormone receptor expression in the nucleus and cytoplasm of normal and neoplastic cells (1998)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 109 (1998), S. 141-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Growth hormone (GH) exerts its regulatory functions in controlling metabolism, balanced growth and differentiated cell expression by acting on specific receptors which trigger a phosphorylation cascade, resulting in the modulation of numerous signalling pathways dictating gene expression. A panel of five monoclonal antibodies was used in mapping the presence and somatic distribution of the GH receptor by immunohistochemistry in normal and neoplastic tissues and cultured cells of human, rat and rabbit origin. A wide distribution of the receptor was observed in many cell types. Not all cells expressing cytoplasmic GH receptors displayed nuclear immunoreactivity. In general, the relative proportion of positive cells and intensity of staining was higher in neoplastic cells than in normal tissue cells. Immunoreactivity showed subcellular localisation of the GH receptor in cell membranes and was predominantly cytoplasmic, but strong nuclear immunoreaction was also apparent in many instances. Intense immunoreactivity was also observed in the cellular Golgi area of established cell lines and cultured tissue-derived cells in exponential growth phase, indicating cells are capable of GH receptor synthesis. The presence of intracellular GH receptor, previously documented in normal tissues of mostly animal origin, is the result of endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi localisation. Heterogeneity of immunoreactivity was found in normal and neoplastic tissue with a variable range of positive cells. The nuclear localisation of immunoreactivity is the result of nuclear GH receptor/binding protein, identically to the cytosolic and plasma GH-binding protein, using a panel of five monoclonal antibodies against the GH receptor extracellular region. The expression of GH receptors, not only on small proliferating tumour cells such as lymphocytes, but also on well differentiated cells including keratinocytes, suggests that GH is necessary not only for differentiation of progenitor cells, but also for their subsequent clonal expansion, differentiation and maintenance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004180050212
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structure of Escherichia coli manganese superoxide dismutase at 2.1-Å resolution (1998)
    Springer
    JBIC 3 (1998), S. 161-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1327
    Keywords: Key words Superoxide dismutase ; Manganese enzyme ; Crystal structure ; Metalloprotein ; DNA binding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  The three-dimensional structure of the manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) from Escherichia coli has been determined by X-ray crystallography at 2.1 Å resolution. The protein crystallizes with two homodimers in the asymmetric unit, and a model comprising 6528 protein atoms (residues 1–205 of all four monomers), four manganese ions and 415 water molecules has been refined to an R factor of 0.188 (R free 0.218). The structure shows a high degree of similarity with other MnSOD and FeSOD enzymes. The Mn centres are 5-coordinate, trigonal bipyramidal, with His26 and a solvent molecule, probably a hydroxide ion, as apical ligands, and His81, Asp167 and His171 as equatorial ligands. The coordinated solvent molecule is linked to a network of hydrogen bonds involving the non-coordinated carboxylate oxygen of Asp167 and a conserved glutamine residue, Gln146. The MnSOD dimer is notable for the way in which the two active sites are interconnected and a "bridge" comprising His171 of one monomer and Glu170 of the other offers a route for inter-site communication. Comparison of E. coli MnSOD and FeSOD (a) reveals some differences in the dimer interface, (b) yields no obvious explanation for their metal specificities, and (c) provides a structural basis for differences in DNA binding, where for MnSOD the groove formed by dimerization is complementary in charge and surface contour to B-DNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007750050217
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  • 6
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    Antioxidant survey to assess antagonism to redox stress using a prokaryotic and an eukaryotic system (1996)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0014-4754
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 7
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    Growth hormone receptor expression in the nucleus and cytoplasm of normal and neoplastic cells (1998)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-01-28
    Print ISSN: 0018-2222
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-119X
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AB INITIO PROTEIN STRUCTURE PREDICTION: Progress and Prospects (2001)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure 30 (2001), S. 173-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1056-8700
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Considerable recent progress has been made in the field of ab initio protein structure prediction, as witnessed by the third Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction (CASP3). In spite of this progress, much work remains, for the field has yet to produce consistently reliable ab initio structure prediction protocols. In this work, we review the features of current ab initio protocols in an attempt to highlight the foundations of recent progress in the field and suggest promising directions for future work.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.biophys.30.1.173
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MAMMALIAN DNA MISMATCH REPAIR (1999)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Genetics 33 (1999), S. 533-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4197
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is one of multiple replication, repair, and recombination processes that are required to maintain genomic stability in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In the wake of the discoveries that hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) and other human cancers are associated with mutations in MMR genes, intensive efforts are under way to elucidate the biochemical functions of mammalian MutS and MutL homologs, and the consequences of defects in these genes. Genetic studies in cultured mammalian cells and mice are proving to be instrumental in defining the relationship between the functions of MMR in mutation and tumor avoidance. Furthermore, these approaches have raised awareness that MMR homologs contribute to DNA damage surveillance, transcription-coupled repair, and recombinogenic and meiotic processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.genet.33.1.533
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ADVENTURES IN HUMAN POPULATION BIOLOGY (1996)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Anthropology 25 (1996), S. 1-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6570
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences , Biology
    Notes: In this professional memoir I trace my career and the changes that occurred after World War II in the biological anthropology studies of human populations. I describe my academic training at the University of New Mexico and Harvard University and my research training at the US Climatic Research Laboratory. During my academic career at The Pennsylvania State University, I directed two multidisciplinary research efforts as part of the International Biological Programme and Man in the Biosphere Program. These were the high-altitude studies in Nunoa, Peru, and the migration and modernization studies of Samoan communities. I describe my participation in the development of these international science programs as well as the effects on the discipline of biological anthropology. In conclusion, I reflect on the growth and development of biological anthropology, particularly in human population biology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.anthro.25.1.1
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