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  • Springer  (13)
  • American Physical Society  (1)
  • Blackwell Science Ltd  (1)
  • 2000-2004  (6)
  • 1995-1999  (7)
  • 1985-1989  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling of load interaction and overload effect on fatigue damage of steel bridges (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 24 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper studies the effects of load sequence and interaction, and overloading effect on the fatigue damage of bridges on the basis of a non-linear fatigue damage model. The model is derived from the theory of continuum damage mechanics for high-cycle fatigue. Fatigue behaviour at two levels of constant stress range is first discussed in detail. The formulation for the effective fatigue strength of the predamaged members is then derived, and the results predicted by the model are compared with the experimental data for two stress level tests and other results obtained from linear and double linear fatigue damage models. The variation of cycle ratio and fatigue life due to overloading is secondly investigated; the equations for evaluating the effect of overloading on fatigue damage accumulation on bridges at normal traffic loading are then derived. It has been demonstrated that the developed model can well describe the effect of load sequence and interaction and has also been verified by comparing the predicted results obtained by the model with the experimental data based on two levels of stress tests. The effect of accidental overloading on the fatigue damage of existing bridges can also be evaluated using the model. The model is applied to evaluate the fatigue damage and service life of the Tsing Ma Bridge, an essential portion of the transport network for the Hong Kong airport, under normal traffic loading and possible accidental overloading.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-2695.2001.00396.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A class of finite element methods based on orthonormal, compactly supported wavelets (1995)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 16 (1995), S. 235-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper develops a class of finite elements for compactly supported, shift-invariant functions that satisfy a dyadic refinement equation. Commonly referred to as wavelets, these basis functions have been shown to be remarkably well-suited for integral operator compression, but somewhat more difficult to employ for the representation of arbitrary boundary conditions in the solution of partial differential equations. The current paper extends recent results for treating periodized partial differential equations on unbounded domains in R n, and enables the solution of Neumann and Dirichlet variational boundary value problems on a class of bounded domains. Tensor product, wavelet-based finite elements are constructed. The construction of the wavelet-based finite elements is achieved by employing the solution of an algebraic eigenvalue problem derived from the dyadic refinement equation characterizing the wavelet, from normalization conditions arising from moment equations satisfied by the wavelet, and from dyadic refinement relations satisfied by the elemental domain. The resulting finite elements can be viewed as generalizations of the connection coefficients employed in the wavelet expansion of periodic differential operators. While the construction carried out in this paper considers only the orthonormal wavelet system derived by Daubechies, the technique is equally applicable for the generation of tensor product elements derived from Coifman wavelets, or any other orthonormal compactly supported wavelet system with polynomial reproducing properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369868
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A class of finite element methods based on orthonormal, compactly supported wavelets (1995)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 16 (1995), S. 235-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  This paper develops a class of finite elements for compactly supported, shift-invariant functions that satisfy a dyadic refinement equation. Commonly referred to as wavelets, these basis functions have been shown to be remarkably well-suited for integral operator compression, but somewhat more difficult to employ for the representation of arbitrary boundary conditions in the solution of partial differential equations. The current paper extends recent results for treating periodized partial differential equations on unbounded domains in R n , and enables the solution of Neumann and Dirichlet variational boundary value problems on a class of bounded domains. Tensor product, wavelet-based finite elements are constructed. The construction of the wavelet-based finite elements is achieved by employing the solution of an algebraic eigenvalue problem derived from the dyadic refinement equation characterizing the wavelet, from normalization conditions arising from moment equations satisfied by the wavelet, and from dyadic refinement relations satisfied by the elemental domain. The resulting finite elements can be viewed as generalizations of the connection coefficients employed in the wavelet expansion of periodic differential operators. While the construction carried out in this paper considers only the orthonormal wavelet system derived by Daubechies, the technique is equally applicable for the generation of tensor product elements derived from Coifman wavelets, or any other orthonormal compactly supported wavelet system with polynomial reproducing properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369868
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Affine fractal interpolation functions and wavelet-based finite elements (1995)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 17 (1995), S. 169-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper derives a class of finite elements from wavelets generated using affine, fractal interpolation functions (AFIF). The finite elements derived from wavelets generated from an AFIF differ from recent elements derived by the authors in that multivalued scaling functions are employed. These elements are similar to conventional finite elements in that they are compactly supported, and are interpolatory at dyadic points which define the nodes. Specifically, two scaling functions and two wavelets that are Lipschitz continuous are employed. Each scaling function has support of length one or two, and is either symmetric or antisymmetric. These properties enables the incorporation of both Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions in a straightforward manner. For either class of boundary conditions, the multiresolution V k+1 ≡V k ⊕W k restricted to the compact interval of interest is fully orthogonal. This fact is advantageous in that it facilitates both the analysis of the convergence of the multigrid methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00364079
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Affine fractal interpolation functions and wavelet-based finite elements (1995)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 17 (1995), S. 169-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  This paper derives a class of finite elements from wavelets generated using affine, fractal interpolation functions (AFIF). The finite elements derived from wavelets generated from an AFIF differ from recent elements derived by the authors in that multivalued scaling functions are employed. These elements are similar to conventional finite elements in that they are compactly supported, and are interpolatory at dyadic points which define the nodes. Specifically, two scaling functions and two wavelets that are Lipschitz continuous are employed. Each scaling function has support of length one or two, and is either symmetric or antisymmetric. These properties enables the incorporation of both Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions in a straightforward manner. For either class of boundary conditions, the multiresolution restricted to the compact interval of interest is fully orthogonal. This fact is advantageous in that it facilitates both the analysis of the convergence of the multigrid methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00364079
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Device patterning of PZT/Pt/Ti/thin films on SiO2/Si3N4 membrane by a chemical wet etching approach (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 19 (2000), S. 2263-2265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006745428656
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Establishment and characterization of an abrin-resistant cell line (1997)
    Springer
    Cell biology and toxicology 13 (1997), S. 75-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6822
    Keywords: abrin ; resistance ; resistant cell line
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An abrin-resistant cell line, CHOR 3-4, was isolated from CHOK1 cells which were resistant to a high concentration of abrin (160 ng/ml), and had a 1000-fold higher resistance to abrin that that of CHOK1 cells. CHOR 3-4 cells were about 25-fold more resistant than CHOK1 cells to the N-glycosidase activity of abrin, which was measured by hydrolyzing the N-glycosidic bond of adenine 4324 nucleotide from 3′ end of mammalian 28S rRNA. However, the isolated polysomes of CHOR 3-4 cells had the same sensitivity to abrin as those of CHOK1 cells. On measuring the binding of 125I-abrin to CHOR 3-4 cells, it was decreased to about 20% that of CHOK1 cells. This indicates that the mechanism of the resistance of CHOR 3-4 to abrin is due to the alteration of glycoproteins or glycolipids of cell membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:CBTO.0000010392.62109.2c
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effects of Cultural Practices on Methane Emission from Rice Fields (2000)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 58 (2000), S. 311-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: direct seeding ; transplanted seedling ; plowing time
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A field experiment was conducted in a clayey soil to determine the effects of cultural practices on methane (CH4) emissions from rice fields. The factors evaluated were a) direct seeding on dry vs wet soil, b) age of transplanted seedlings (8 d old and 30 d old), and c) fall vs spring plowing. Methane emissions were measured weekly throughout the rice-growing season using a closed static chamber technique. Transplanted 8-d-old seedlings showed the highest emission of 42.4 g CH4 m−2 season−1, followed by transplanted 30-d-seedlings (40.3 g CH4 m−2 season−1), and direct seeding on wet soil (37.1 g CH4 m−2 season−1). Direct seeding on dry soil registered the least emission of 26.9 g CH4 m−2 season−1. Thus transplanting 30-d-old seedlings, direct seeding on wet soil, and direct seeding on dry soil reduced CH4 emission by 5%, 13%, and 37%, respectively, when compared with transplanting 8-d-old seedlings. Methane emission under spring plowing was 42.0 g CH4 m−2 season−1 and that under fall plowing was 31.3 g CH4 m−2 seasons−1. The 26% lower emission in the field plowed in spring was caused by degradation of organic matter over the winter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009867208059
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the internal standardization in optical emission spectrometry of microplasmas produced by laser ablation of solid samples (1989)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 335 (1989), S. 648-651 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The problem of internal standardization in optical emission spectrometry of a laser produced analytical microplasma has been investigated. Excellent analytical results almost independent on the plasma temperature and the state of evaporation of the ablated sample material have been found for iron and chromium using Fe/Cr binary samples. However, for elements with very different vapour pressures, internal standardization can only be carried out if the atomization process in the plasma is completed. This is demonstrated with brass samples, where the fractional evaporation of zinc and copper heavily influences the emission data in the first period of the laser produced plasma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01204064
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  • 10
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    Wind-induced vibration control of bridges using liquid column damper (2002)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-12-01
    Print ISSN: 1671-3664
    Electronic ISSN: 1993-503X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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