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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2009-01-01
    Description: We review developments in radiocarbon measuring techniques from the Libby counter through proportional gas counters and liquid scintillation spectrometers to the more recent developments of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), followed by a coupling of gas chromatography with AMS for compound-specific 14C analyses. While during the first 60 yr of 14C measurements beta counting, specifically gas counting, was the dominant technique, in the future of 14C science AMS will be the dominant technology.
    Print ISSN: 0033-8222
    Electronic ISSN: 1945-5755
    Topics: Archaeology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Elsevier B.V., 2007. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 261 (2007): 44-48, doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2007.03.023.
    Description: Carbon nanotube technology has rapidly advanced in recent years, making it possible to create meter-long, ~4 cm wide films of multi-walled tubes of less than 3 μg/cm2 areal density in a bench top open-air procedure [1]. The physical properties of individual carbon nanotubes have been well established, equaling or surpassing electrical and thermal conductivity and mechanical strength of most other materials, graphite in particular. The handling and transport of such nanotube films, dry-mounted self-supporting on metal frames with several cm2 of open area, is problem-free: the aerogel films having a volumetric density of about 1.5 mg/cm3 survived the trip by car and air from Dallas to Oak Ridge without blemish. In this paper we will present the results of first tests of these nanotube films as electron stripper media in a tandem accelerator. The tests were performed in the Model 25 URC tandem [2] of the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. We will discuss the performance of nanotube films in comparison with chemical vapor deposition and laser-ablated carbon foils.
    Description: This work was supported by a grant from the “Cecil H. and Ida M. Green Technology Innovation Awards” program of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation through Cooperative Agreement 82899613 and the Robert A. Welch Foundation grant AT-0029.
    Keywords: Nanoscale materials ; Transport phenomena ; Thin films ; Charged particle beams ; Charge transfer
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Elsevier B.V., 2008. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 266 (2008): 2233-2237, doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2008.03.001.
    Description: The National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (NOSAMS) Facility at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution is presently completing installation of a novel continuous-flow AMS system. A multi-year development of an AMS microwave gas ion source in collaboration with Atomic Energy Canada Limited (AECL), Chalk River, has preceded this final step of an implementation that is expected to add a new dimension to 14C AMS. National Instruments, NIM, and CAMAC modules have been programmed with LabVIEW on a Windows XP platform to form the basis for data acquisition. In this paper we discuss possible applications and include simulations of expected data acquisition scenarios like real-time AMS analysis of chromatograms. Particular attention is given to issues of synchronization between rapidly changing input amplitudes and signal processing cycles in hardware and software.
    Description: This work is supported by the United States National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement OCE-0228996.
    Keywords: Numerical simulation ; Data acquisition - hardware and software ; Accelerator mass spectrometry
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2009. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 268 (2010): 910-913, doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2009.10.062.
    Description: Several wood samples collected from Dorslandboom, a large African baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) from Namibia, were investigated by AMS radiocarbon dating subsequent to pretreatment and, alternatively, without pretreatment. The comparative statistical evaluation of results showed that there were no significant differences between fraction modern values and radiocarbon dates of the samples analyzed after pretreatment and without pretreatment, respectively. The radiocarbon date of the oldest sample was 993 ± 20 BP. Dating results also revealed that Dorslandboom is a multi-generation tree, with several stems showing different ages.
    Description: This material is based on work supported by U.S. National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement OCE-022828996. Part of the research was supported by grants from the Romanian Academy and the Romanian National University Research Council (PN II – ID 2354) and also by Nova Research Inc.
    Keywords: AMS C-14 dating ; Tropical trees ; Adansonia digitata ; Gas ion source ; Pretreatment
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © Elsevier B.V., 2007. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 259 (2007): 83-87, doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2007.01.189.
    Description: A gas-accepting microwave-plasma ion source is being developed for continuous-flow Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS). Characteristics of the ion source will be presented. Schemes for connecting a gas or liquid chromatograph to the ion source will also be discussed.
    Keywords: Ion source ; Accelerator mass spectrometry
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
    Format: application/pdf
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