Publication Date:
2019-11-04
Description:
After the occurrence of the two main shocks Mw=5.7 (00.33 GMT) and Mw=6.0 (09:40 GMT) on September
26, 1997, which caused severe damages and ground cracks in a wide area of the Umbria Marche region, the Istituto
Nazionale di Geofisica in cooperation with the Istituto Geografico Militare Italiano set out to detect the
coseismic ground deformation and reoccupied the available geodetic monuments placed across the epicentral
area, belonging to the first order Italian GPS network IGM95 and to the Tyrgeonet network.
The comparison between the pre and post-earthquakes coordinate set, the latter obtained from the surveys performed
in the early days of October 1997 in the Umbria Marche earthquake area, showed maximum displacements
values at the closest stations to the epicentres, up to 14.0±1.8 and 24.0±3.0 cm in the horizontal and vertical
components, respectively. The availability of the IGM95 stations allowed geodetic data to be translated into
relevant geophysical results. For the first time in Italy, the evaluation of post-earthquake coordinates at 13 vertices
provided the estimation of a significant deformation field associated with a seismic sequence.
Unfortunately, the same actions could not be applied to the October 14, 1997, Mw=5.6 Sellano earthquake,
whose epicentre was located a few tens of km south of the previous ones, due to a lack of available geodetic vertices
of Tyrgeonet and IGM95 networks in the surroundings of the epicentral zone. This fact, which prevented
the estimation of coseismic deformation and seismic source modelling for this earthquake, clarified the need to
set up tailor made GPS networks devoted to geophysical applications, able to capture a possible coseismic signal,
but also interseismic and post-seismic signals, at the surface of the Earth’s crust at the scale of the expected
magnitudes and fault length. Here we show and discuss the development of the Discrete GPS and Continuous
GPS (CGPS) networks in the Italian region started since the early 1990s, which greatly increased after the
1997 Umbria Marche earthquakes, and the insights gained from this action which can be also integrated as Global
Observing Strategy to monitor our Environment from Earth and Space.
Description:
3.2. Tettonica attiva
Description:
JCR Journal
Description:
open
Keywords:
GPS
;
IGM95
;
Umbria-Marche earthquakes
;
04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
Repository Name:
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
Type:
article
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