Publication Date:
2008-07-26
Description:
The only supernovae (SNe) to show gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) or early x-ray emission thus far are overenergetic, broad-lined type Ic SNe (hypernovae, HNe). Recently, SN 2008D has shown several unusual features: (i) weak x-ray flash (XRF), (ii) an early, narrow optical peak, (iii) disappearance of the broad lines typical of SN Ic HNe, and (iv) development of helium lines as in SNe Ib. Detailed analysis shows that SN 2008D was not a normal supernova: Its explosion energy (E approximately 6x10(51) erg) and ejected mass [ approximately 7 times the mass of the Sun (M(middle dot in circle))] are intermediate between normal SNe Ibc and HNe. We conclude that SN 2008D was originally a approximately 30 M(middle dot in circle) star. When it collapsed, a black hole formed and a weak, mildly relativistic jet was produced, which caused the XRF. SN 2008D is probably among the weakest explosions that produce relativistic jets. Inner engine activity appears to be present whenever massive stars collapse to black holes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mazzali, Paolo A -- Valenti, Stefano -- Della Valle, Massimo -- Chincarini, Guido -- Sauer, Daniel N -- Benetti, Stefano -- Pian, Elena -- Piran, Tsvi -- D'Elia, Valerio -- Elias-Rosa, Nancy -- Margutti, Raffaella -- Pasotti, Francesco -- Antonelli, L Angelo -- Bufano, Filomena -- Campana, Sergio -- Cappellaro, Enrico -- Covino, Stefano -- D'Avanzo, Paolo -- Fiore, Fabrizio -- Fugazza, Dino -- Gilmozzi, Roberto -- Hunter, Deborah -- Maguire, Kate -- Maiorano, Elisabetta -- Marziani, Paola -- Masetti, Nicola -- Mirabel, Felix -- Navasardyan, Hripsime -- Nomoto, Ken'ichi -- Palazzi, Eliana -- Pastorello, Andrea -- Panagia, Nino -- Pellizza, L J -- Sari, Re'em -- Smartt, Stephen -- Tagliaferri, Gianpiero -- Tanaka, Masaomi -- Taubenberger, Stefan -- Tominaga, Nozomu -- Trundle, Carrie -- Turatto, Massimo -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Aug 29;321(5893):1185-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1158088. Epub 2008 Jul 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max-Planck Institut fur Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany. mazzali@mpa-garching.mpg.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18653846" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Print ISSN:
0036-8075
Electronic ISSN:
1095-9203
Topics:
Biology
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Chemistry and Pharmacology
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Computer Science
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Medicine
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Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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