ALBERT

Description: The data collection "Deep Drilling of Glaciers: Soviet-Russian projects in Arctic, 1975-1995" was collected by the following basic considerations: - compilation of deep (〉100 m) drilling projects on Arctic glaciers, using data of (a) publications; (b) archives of IGRAN; (c) personal communication of project participants; - documentation of parameters, references. Accuracy of data and techniques applied to determine different parameters are not evaluated. The accuracy of some geochemical parameters (up to 1984 and heavy metalls) is uncertain. Most reconstructions of ice core age and of annual layer thickness are discussed; - digitizing of published diagrams (in case, when original numerical data were lost) and subsequent data conversion to equal range series and adjustment to the common units. Therefore, the equal-range series were calculated from original data or converted from digitized chart values as indicated in the metadata. For the methodological purpose, the equal-range series obtained from original and reconstructed data were compared repeatedly; the systematic difference was less then 5-7%. Special attention should be given to the fact, that the data for individual ice core parameters varies, because some parameters were originally measured or registered. Parameters were converted in equal-range series using 2 m steps; - two or more parameter values were determined, then the mean-weighted (i.e. accounting the sample length) value is assigned to the entire interval; - one parameter value was determined, measured or registered independently from the parameter values in depth intervals which over- and underlie it, then the value is assigned to the entire interval; - one parameter value was determined, measured or registered for two adjoining depth intervals, then the specific value is assigned to the depth interval, which represents 〉75% of sample length ; if each of adjoining depth intervals represents 〈75% of sample length, then the correspondent parameter value is assigned to both intervals of depth. This collection of ice core data (version 2000) was made available through the EU funded QUEEN project by S.M. Arkhipov, Moscow.

Description: This work is devoted to results of the joint Russian-German geodynamic research carried out in the Weddell Sea and West Antarctica during cruise ANT-XXII/3 of R/V Polarstem in 2005. The study of rock samples collected from the sea floor showed that a heterogeneous structure of the Weddell Sea was formed by spatiotemporal combination of destruction of the continental crust, progressive thalassogenesis (oceanization-taphrogenesis), and rifting, as opposed to spreading origin. High post-consolidation mobility during the destruction stage led to areal dismembering and high permeability of the continental crust, as well as to tectonomagmatic activation. The main mechanism of re-working of the continental crust is recognized to be magmatic replacement by basic-ultrabasic mantle material with formation of the secondary oceanic crust and preservation of relics of the continental crust. The Earth's endogenous activity was driven by transmagmatic fluid flows, which ascended from the melted core and caused transformation of the Earth's crust and mantle.