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  • Springer  (118)
  • American Geophysical Union  (20)
  • 2005-2009  (60)
  • 1985-1989  (78)
  • 1940-1944
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Agriculture and human values 3 (1986), S. 26-32 
    ISSN: 1572-8366
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The hydrogen bond patterns ofo-alkoxybenzoic acids have been shown previously to involve intramolecular hydrogen bonds. In this paper we show thato-methoxybenzoic acid (I) and o-ethoxybenzoic acid (II) both exist as monomers with intramolecular hydrogen bonds in solution but that, in the solid-state,I crystallizes as hydrogen-bonded dimers whileII crystallizes with an intramolecular hydrogen bond. The correlation between solution and solid-state hydrogen bond patterns is made using solution and solid-state IR and NMR methods and by correlating the solid-state patterns with known X-ray crystal structures. The crystal structure ofI is reported here. Crystal data: monoclinicP21/n;a=7.002(2),b=14.945(9),c=7.719(4) Å,β=115.44(3)°,Z=4,V=729.4 Å3, andR=0.046 (1660 reflections).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 47 (1988), S. 167-172 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: feeding behavior ; leaf center or edge feeders ; chemical signals ; trial design ; Plagiodera versicolora ; Populus deltoides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Plagiodera versicolora Laich (Coléo., Chrysomelidae) a préféré significativement consommer les grandes rondelles (diamètre 17 mm) de Populus deltoides préalablement exposées à l'ozone ambiant, aux témoins exposés à de l'air filtré sur charbon de bois. Cependant, quand le diamètre a été réduit à 10 mm, les insectes n'ont plus préféré les feuilles soumises à l'ozone. Les préférences alimentaires de cet insecte consommant le centre des feuilles ont probablement changé parceque les signaux chimiques de la coupure ont surpassé ou masqué ceux des petits disques. Ainsi, le rapport périmètre sur surface du disque est un critère important de la procédure expérimentale. L'influence de la taille du disque dépend vraisemblablement du fait que l'insecte consomme le centre ou la pourtour de la feuille, de la taille de l'insecte et du type d'expérience. Nous en avons déduit que l'effet de la taille du disque est fréquent particulièrement chez les insectes consommant le centre des feuilles. Les modificatons du choix des insectes lorsque les plantes avaient été présentées sous forme de rondelles au lieu de feuilles ou plantes entières, peuvent être expliqués aussi par le changement des signaux provoqué par le découpage des rondelles, plutôt que par l'induction de modifications chimiques dues à la cueillette, comme cela a été précédemment indiqué par différents auteurs. Par ailleurs, dans les conditions naturelles, des changements dans les signaux chimiques des feuilles dus à une consommation antérieure par des insectes, peuvent être aussi importants dans le comportement alimentaire des insectes que n'importe quel changement chimique induit dans les feuilles par les dégâts.
    Notes: Abstract The size of cottonwood (Populus deltoides L. Bartr.) leaf discs used in insect feeding preference trials with the chrysomelid beetle, Plagiodera versicoloraLaich., was shown to affect behavior, and the outcome of the feeding trial. It is suggested that disc size has an effect because it alters the ratio of chemical signals from the cut leaf edge to those of the intact leaf center. The implications of this finding to the design of bioassays; to previously noted differences in feeding behavior for insects on discs versus leaves; and to the study of feeding preference and induction of plant defense are discussed.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 36 (1986), S. 548-555 
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 94 (1988), S. 441-444 
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: infrared ; reflection ; silicon dioxide ; silicon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract We report the FTIR spectra as a function of incident angle and polarization of a 307 Å layer of silicon dioxide on silicon substrate. Bands normally obscured in transmission spectra are revealed and can dominate the reflection spectra at incident angles away from normal. Strong band distortions were observed as the incident angle and polarization were varied. Our experimental results are in excellent agreement with calculations based on published optical constants. Thus, quantitative interpretations of IR spectra of silicon dioxide on silicon should be made with caution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: interferometry ; radiometry ; near millimetre wavelengths
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A near millimetre wavelength radiometer has been constructed, based on a rapid scan polarising interferometer. The design and procedure are described, and some results are presented.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Urine samples from 197 Arkansas children were analyzed for eight chlorinated phenols and four chlorinated phenoxy herbicides by using a new procedure that combined gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. With the detection limit of 1 part per billion (ppb), six of these pesticides were detected in more than 10% of the samples. 2,5-Dichlorophenol (a metabolite ofp-dichlorobenzene), and pentachlorophenol were detected in 96% and 100%, respectively, of the children's urine at median concentrations of 9 ppb and 14 ppb, respectively. 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol was detected in 54% of the children's urine at a median concentration of 1 ppb. One trichlorophenol and three other dichlorophenols were found in 3% to 27% of the samples. The herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid was observed in 20% of all samples. The concentrations of all analytes are reported as background or reference levels for use in future studies. The finding of 2,5-dichlorophenol as a ubiquitous contaminant merits further study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 13 (1986), S. 411-414 
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Beckerite, a minor component of the amber fossil resins of northern Europe, has previously been classified as being mineralogically distinct from common Baltic amber or succinite on the basis of physical properties such as density and chemical properties such as saponification number. We show that beckerite and succinite are spectroscopically identical, according to infrared and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance methods. Following the suggestion of Schubert, we attribute the deviations of beckerite to the presence of low levels of contaminants, such as decomposed wood and insect excrement.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oecologia 76 (1988), S. 57-61 
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Plagiodera versicolora ; Plant stress ; Populus deltoides ; Ozone effects ; Insect fitness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Leaf area consumption rates, development rates, survivorship, and fecundity of the imported willow leaf beetle (Plagiodera versicolora Laich) were examined on two clones of eastern cottonwood which were previously exposed to ozone or charcoal-filtered air. P. versicolora consumed more ozone treated foliage, but were more fecund when reared on charcoal-filtered air treated plants. Beetle development rates and survivorship were not significantly different on treated and control cottonwoods. We concluded that: 1) Ozone fumigation of cottonwood reduced foliage quality, and the reproductive success and overall performance of P. versicolora. 2) increased foliage consumption by beetles was probably a mechanism compensating for decreases in foliage quality. 3) Reductions in beetle fecundity were due to an initial reduction in oviposition rates. 4) Beetle feeding preference did not correlate with the suitability of foliage for beetle performance. These results are discussed in relation to the impact of air pollution on plant-insect interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oecologia 81 (1989), S. 124-131 
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Plant stress ; Raphanus sativus X raphanistrum ; Air pollution effects ; Plant nutrition ; Physiological responses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Acclimation of wild radish plants to a simultaneous combination of SO2 fumigation and decreasing nitrate availability was investigated. Plants were grown for 24 d under continuous daytime (10h) exposure to 0 or 0.4 ppm SO2 and were grown in a nutrient solution with stable nitrate concentrations of 100 μM for the first 15 d, 50 μM from day 15 to day 19, and 25 μM from day 19 to day 24. Analysis of relative growth rates (RGR) showed that radish plants responded rapidly to changes in nitrate availability and that SO2 treatment affected those responses. Shoot RGR of plants from both treatments and root RGR of control plants showed rapid declines and subsequent recoveries in response to decreasing nitrate availability. Root RGR of SO2-treated plants declined rapidly in response to decreased nitrate availability, but did not recover as quickly or completely as root RGR of control plants. Analysis of specific leaf weights and tissue nitrogen concentrations showed that control plants had significantly higher amounts of nitrogen in tissues after nitrate availability was lowered, and had higher rates of nitrate uptake in comparison to SO2-treated plants; especially when nitrate availability was highest. Furthermore, control plants had temporarily higher rates of root respiration in comparison to SO2-treated plants, suggesting that control plants temporarily allocated more resources to physiological processes occurring in roots, such as nutrient uptake. Although SO2-induced changes in growth and resource allocation of plants were relatively small, it was probable that SO2 treatment of radish plants affected plant nitrogen balance, and subsequently affected the ability of plants to respond to decreased nitrate availibility, by affecting resource partitioning to nitrate uptake and root growth.
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