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  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (16)
  • Taylor & Francis  (12)
  • 2005-2009  (10)
  • 1985-1989  (18)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1935-1939
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 119-122 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: dc plasma etching experiments were carried out on polycrystalline Si wafers using CF4 and CF4/O2 mixtures as etchants. The etchants were injected into a slow stream of Ar while a continuous discharge was maintained. The resulting transients of intermediate and product species were determined mass spectrometrically; some of these were found to depend very much on the oxygen concentration, even though hysteresis effects which complicated earlier results were not noticed in this study.The results do not support existing simplified models, but yield some detailed information concerning the etching mechanism. The etch rates increase when small amounts of oxygen are added to the CF4, probably due to an increase in the atomic fluorine concentrations, while at larger oxygen concentrations they decrease, in part because the fragmentation of the etchant gas CF4 is then suppressed. CF2 radicals are found to be present in the plasma in appreciable concentrations; presumably, this species is directly involved in the formation of SiF4 at the surface.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5493-5498 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Laser-induced fast transient photopotentials were measured at Fe2O3 film electrodes. A photopotential rise within 300 ns was interpreted in terms of charge separation processes in the film, considering the contributions from both the electron and the hole. The time course of the photopotential up to 10 μs was attributed to the electron–hole recombination process and the interfacial charge transfer.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 65 (1989), S. 2787-2793 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In Y-Ba-Cu-O ceramics, the dc voltage (Vdc ) induced by an rf current of 2–20 MHz, which had been previously reported as "reverse ac Josephson effect,'' was observed at 77–300 K. The observed Vdc is not found to be due to reverse ac Josephson effect but due to nonlinear current-voltage characteristics, as in the case of BaPb1−xBixO3. However, behavior of the Vdc is different from that in BaPb1−xBixO3, which was related to bulk superconducting transition. The Vdc is observed only in the sample with particular electrical contacts and only when the rf current can flow through the potential electrical contacts. The origin of the rf-to-dc conversion effect in Y-Ba-Cu-O is ascribed to local nonlinear resistance near potential contacts.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The sensitivity for electron-phase measurement in electron holography has been improved to better than 2π/100 by the application of digital interferometry at the optical reconstruction stage. This enables quantitative measurement of magnetic flux as small as (1/100)(h/e)(=4.1×10−17 Wb), hitherto undetectable, with high spatial resolution. With this technique, we have observed the distribution of leakage magnetic field from a thin cross section of a perpendicularly magnetized recording film (cobalt-chromium) with a recording density as high as 300 kFCI (85 nm bit length), the highest density ever directly observed.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 5061-5066 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dc voltages (Vdc ) induced by an rf current of frequency 10 MHz in the ceramic superconductor BaPb1−x Bix O3 have been observed near the superconducting transition temperature(∼10 K). The Vdc is related to superconductivity because the Vdc decreases with increasing applied magnetic field. From the investigations using second-harmonic superposition on the rf current as well as differential resistance measurements, it is concluded that the Vdc is generated by an alternating current and its second-harmonic wave flowing through the sample with a nonlinear but symmetric current-voltage characteristic induced by the superconducting transition. Therefore, the observed Vdc induced by an rf current is not due to the reverse ac Josephson effect, which had been proposed previously.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 62 (1987), S. 1960-1963 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The behaviors of Fe impurities at the SiO2-Si interface of metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors was studied with electrical measurements and transmission electron microscopy. The MOS capacitors were fabricated on silicon wafers which had been intentionally contaminated by Fe+ ion implantation. It is confirmed that Fe impurities either scattered uniformly, or nucleated at the interface of SiO2-Si. Uniformly scattered Fe impurities lower the barrier height of the SiO2-Si interface. The nucleated Fe precipitates are in a metallic α-FeSi2 phase, penetrating both the silicon oxide and the silicon substrate. They degrade the MOS capacitors not only by reducing the barrier height of the SiO2-Si interface, but also by inducing weak spots in the silicon oxide where the electric field is strengthened and local tunneling currents are enhanced.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 59 (1986), S. 3430-3436 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: To utilize the excellent properties of silica (SiO2) glass for a glass laser host, neodymium-aluminum (Nd–Al) and neodymium-phosphorous (Nd–P) co-doped SiO2 glasses were studied. They were prepared by plasma-torch chemical vapor deposition (CVD). It was found that a doping level less than ten times the number of Nd for the Al co-dopant and less than about fifteen times for the P co-dopant was enough to remove undesirable fluorescence properties of Nd-doped SiO2 glasses and make them suitable for laser application. The clustering Nd ions disperse well in a glass matrix and lasing fluorescence increases. The effects of the Al dopant on the density and Raman spectra were also studied to obtain structural information. On the basis of glass science and solution chemistry, the marked effects of both dopants were explained by the following model. Nd ions can be well incorporated into a SiO2 glass network through co-dopant oxide forming a solvation shell around the Nd ions. This model leads to an expansible method for coordination control around active ions in SiO2 glass. A preliminary experiment on laser oscillation using Nd–Al co-doped SiO2 glass was also carried out.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 2778-2780 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A low-temperature GaAs epitaxial growth method called electron-cyclotron resonance molecular-beam epitaxy was newly developed. Triethylgallium (TEGa) and triethylarsine (TEAs) were used as source gases and were introduced without thermal decomposition. The method has the advantage of cleaning the GaAs substrate at the growth temperature just prior to growth as well as to decompose metalorganics with the hydrogen plasma activated by the cyclotron resonance. The epitaxial GaAs film was successfully grown at a temperature as low as 300 °C. All samples grown at 400 °C exhibited p-type conductivity for (arsine/gallium) ratios between 4 and 13. The p-type carrier concentration was strongly dependent on the (arsine/gallium) ratio and was in the range of 1016 –1019 cm−3 .
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 2637-2640 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Si-SiO2 interface was studied by reflection electron microscopy (REM) in two situations: (1) through a partially etched oxide film, and (2) after removal of the oxide. We also used high-resolution cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (HR-XTEM). A roughness of 5.0–15.0 nm in height and 0.7–2.0 μm in width could be resolved through the 2.0-nm oxide film, and the same roughness could be resolved after the oxide was removed. It was made clear that step intervals less than 50.0 nm cannot be resolved by REM, because of the lowering of the resolution due to the foreshortening. It is believed that the fringelike pattern observed after the oxide was removed reflects small steps, but they are not an accurate reflection of the steps at the interface, as observed by HR-XTEM. REM after removal of the oxide has been confirmed as being an effective means of observing the Si-SiO2 interface.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 60 (1986), S. 1595-1601 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A thin wafer of polycrystalline Si was mounted on the cathode of a small cylindrical plasma cell which consisted of two flat stainless steel electrodes and a piece of alumina tubing. A discharge was supported by a slow flow of Ar, and short pulses of SF6 and O2 were injected simultaneously into the Ar stream. The contents of the plasma cell were sampled continuously, and analyzed by mass spectrometer. The concentration transients of various species resulting from the SF6 and O2 pulses were measured as a function of time. The maxima of the SiF+3 transients and thus the etching rates were found to depend on oxygen concentrations in the mixtures, but far less so than the atomic fluorine concentrations, as reported by others. By contrast, the maxima of several S–F and S–O–F species concentrations depended very strongly on O2 concentrations. It is concluded that neither atomic fluorine, nor any one of the other observed species can be the sole important reactive species in the etching reaction studied. The experimental results also bear on the fate of SiF2 initially formed and thus illustrate the potential of the pulse injection method used in mechanistic studies.
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