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  • Articles  (100)
  • lipid peroxidation  (55)
  • Nitrogen
  • Springer  (100)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (33)
  • 1985-1989  (48)
  • 1980-1984  (19)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term tillage and rotation effects on soil microbial biomass, carbon and nitrogen (1987)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 5 (1987), S. 265-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Microbial biomass ; Tillage ; Rotation ; Carbon ; Nitrogen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Three mollisols, typical of the Palouse winter wheat region of eastern Washington and northern Idaho, were analyzed for microbial biomass, total C and total N after 10 years of combined tillage and rotation treatments. Treatments included till, no-till and three different cereal-legume rotations. All crop phases in each rotation were sampled in the same year. Microbial biomass was monitored from April to October, using a respiratory-response method. Microbial biomass, total C and total N were highest under no-till surface soils (0–5 cm), with minimal differences for tillage or depth below 5 cm. Microbial biomass differences among rotations were not large, owing to the relative homogeneity of the treatments. A rotation with two legume crops had the highest total C and N. Microbial biomass was significantly higher in no-till surface soils where the current crop had been preceded by a high-residue crop. The opposite was true for the tilled plots. There was little change in microbial biomass over the seasons until October, when fresh crop residues and rains had a strong stimulatory effect. The seasonal pattern of biomass in no-till surface soils reflected the dry summer/winter rainfall climate of the region. The results of this study show that numerous factors affect soil microbial biomass and that cropping history and seasonal changes must be taken into account when microbial biomass data are compared.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00256912
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo effects of immunostimulating lipopeptides on mouse liver microsomal cytochromes P-450 and on paracetamol-induced toxicity (1989)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 882-886 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Lipopeptides ; immunomodulation ; cytochrome P-450 ; lipid peroxidation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunomodulating lipopeptides lauroyl-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-LL-A2pmNH2-Gly (RP 44.102) and lauroyl-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-LL-A2pmNH2 (RP 56.142) were found to protect mice against the hepatotoxicity of paracetamol, which is due to cytochrome P-450 dependent formation of toxic metabolites and radicals. In fact they decreased the amount of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450, and the level of CCl4-induced lipid peroxidation. In contrast lauroyl-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DD-A2pmNH2 (RP 53.204), which only differs by the configuration of the two chiral carbons of A2pm (diaminopimelic acid) and is not an immunomodulating agent, failed to protect against poisoning by paracetamol and had no effect on the level of hepatic cytochrome P-450 or the microsomal CCl4-induced lipid peroxidation. This provides a clear connection between the immunostimulating properties of a compound and its effects on xenobiotic biotransformations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01954064
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mistletoes: a hypothesis concerning morphological and chemical avoidance of herbivory (1986)
    Springer
    Oecologia 70 (1986), S. 234-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Mimicry ; Nitrogen ; Herbivory ; Mistletoe ; Australia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Leaves from many misletoe species in Australia strongly resemble those of their hosts. This cryptic mimicry has been hypothesized to be a means of reducing the likelihood of mistletoe herbivory by vertebrates. Leaf Kjeldahl nitrogen contents (a measure of reduced nitrogen and thus amines, amino acids and protein levels) of mistletoes and their hosts were measured on 48 mimetic and nonmimetic host-parasite pairs to evaluate hypotheses concerning the significance of crysis versus noncrypsis. The hypothesis that mistletoes mimicking host leaves should have higher leaf nitrogen levels than their hosts is supported; they may be gaining a selective advantage through crypsis (reduced herbivory). The second hypothesis that mistletoes which do not mimic their hosts should have lower leaf nitrogen levels than their hosts is also supported; they may be gaining a selective advantage through noncrypsis (reduced herbivory resulting from visual advertisement of their reduced nutritional status).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00379245
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amelioration of subsoil acidity in an Oxisol of the humid tropics (1993)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 15 (1993), S. 153-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Calcium ; Maize ; Nitrogen ; Brazilian Amazon ; Cation leaching ; Canavalia ensiformes ; Mucuna aterrima
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary This work investigated the effectsof amendments of fertilizer N and lime on subsoil acidity and maize rooting depth in an acid soil of the central Amazon basin. A split-plot designed field experiment was conducted on a clayey Oxisol (Typic Acrudox) during a 16-month period. Main plots received 0 or 4 Mt ha-1 of lime. Subplots were four crop sequences: (1) Maize-green manure (Canavalia ensiformes); (2) maize-green manure (Mucuna aterrima); (3) maize-bare fallow, with the maize receiving 300 kg ha-1 of urea-N; and (4) bare fallow, with an application of 300 kg ha-1 of urea-N at the same time as sequence 3. Plots were periodically sampled to 1.2 m. The experimental site received 4265 mm of precipitation during 16 months; approximately 60%–90% of this rain percolated through the profile. Substantial amounts of Ca were leached from the 0–30 cm horizon during the experimental period, but only limited amounts accumulated in the subsoil. Base saturation below 45 cm was less than 50% at the end of the experiment regardless of lime treatment. Roots of maize were concentrated in the 0–30 cm layers in limed plots and the 0–20 cm layers in unlimed plots. In all treatments less than 5% of the roots was found below 50 cm. An acidity balance indicated that considerable acidity was leached below the plow layer and out of the profile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336435
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activation of endogenous lipid peroxidation in the brain during oxidative stress induced by iron and its prevention by vitamin E (1990)
    Springer
    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 109 (1990), S. 43-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: lipid peroxidation ; stress ; vitamin E
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00839737
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in brain lipid peroxidation in the fetal alcohol syndrome (1992)
    Springer
    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 113 (1992), S. 673-675 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: fetal alcohol syndrome ; lipid peroxidation ; rat brain ; regional distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00783755
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen contribution to wetland rice by green manuring with Sesbania spp. in an alkaline soil (1988)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 6 (1988), S. 22-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Nitrogen ; Green manure ; Sesbania sp. ; Wetland rice ; Oryza sativa L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Two annual species of Sesbania, S. aculeata and Sesbania sp. PL Se-17, were field evaluated as green manure for wetland rice in an alkaline soil. The two species were raised as a catch crop during summer in a wheat-rice rotation, and added as 24.7 and 20.8 t ha−1 of green matter, 116 and 98 kg N ha−1, respectively, after 45 days of growth. For the optimum green manuring effect on rice grain yield and N uptake, S. aculeata required 5 days of decomposition (after turning in and before rice transplantation), whereas no decomposition period was necessary for Sesbania sp. PL Se-17. The effect on grain yield and N uptake of rice was equivalent to an application of 122 and 78 kg ha−1 of chemical N, for the two species, respectively. There was no residual effect of the green manuring on the soil N status after rice harvest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257915
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationships between stem structure and bending strength in Pinus radiata seedlings (1993)
    Springer
    Trees 7 (1993), S. 86-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Keywords: Pinus radiata ; Stem deformation ; Nitrogen ; Stem form ; Elasticity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Seedlings from nine families of Pinus radiata were grown in a glasshouse under conditions of high and low nitrate nitrogen availability to investigate effects on anatomical and strength characteristics of stems. Families were classified into groups dependent upon their previously determined susceptibility to stem deformation prevalent in plantations established on fertile ex-pasture. Nitrogen treatments significantly affected seedling form in terms of both branch production and stem slenderness. The high N treatment resulted in shorter seedlings, a proportion of which were obviously stunted. Stem strength of seedlings, physically supported throughout the experiment, was assessed as stem lean at harvest as well as the bending strength of the fresh stem at 50% stem height. These two variables were found not to be correlated. Stem lean at harvest was greatest in families known to be susceptible to stem deformation. These families produced stems that were also more slender than families of low susceptibility. Increased stem lean was associated mostly with increased stem slenderness while elasticity was more influenced by pith diameter, stem density and wood radius.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225474
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Review and simplification of calculations in15N tracer studies (1989)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 20 (1989), S. 11-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Nitrogen ; nitrogen isotopes ; fertilizers ; 15N balance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Calculations in nitrogen (N) balance research using15N involve several steps that require care to avoid errors. The objective of this paper is to provide examples of these calculations using established procedures and to present shortened alternative calculations that give the same result. The calculations examined include determination of the amount of N to apply, determination of the atom %15N abundance needed in the labeled fertilizer, preparation of the labeled fertilizer, and calculation of the fertilizer N recovered. Calculations needed in the preparation of the labeled fertilizer using established procedures include the determination of the mean atomic weight of the enriched source from which the labeled fertilizer is prepared. This determination is not needed in the shortened alternative calculations, because the procedure places the calculations on a mole basis rather than a mass basis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01055396
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of chronic ethanol treatment on peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase activity and lipid peroxidation in rat liver and heart (1987)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 43 (1987), S. 580-581 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Ethanol ; peroxisomes ; lipid peroxidation ; alcoholic cardiomyopathy ; rat liver ; rat heart
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Chronic ethanol administration was shown to increase catalase and acyl-CoA oxidase activities in rat myocardium but did not alter the activity of liver peroxisomal enzymes. As a result of alcohol consumption a 2–3-fold increase in the level of lipid peroxidation was observed in the heart tissue while in the liver the induction was much less pronounced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02143593
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