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  • 1
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    Elephant Seals reveal frontal structure and sea ice formation rates in the Southern Ocean (2008)
    In:  EPIC3SCAR/IASC Open Science Conference, 8.-11. July 2008, St. Petersburg, Russia.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Due to the low accessibility of the region, most of the seasonally ice-covered Southern Ocean remains unobserved during winter. Here we show that southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina), equipped with oceanographic sensors, can measure winter hydrography with unprecedented temporal and spatial resolution. Seals provided a 30-fold increase in hydrographic profiles from the sea ice zone, allowing the major fronts to be mapped south of 60°S. Sea-ice formation rates in the East Antarctic sector were estimated from salinity increase in the upper water column and compared to simulations with a circumpolar finite-element sea-ice ocean model. From the observations, peak freezing rates of 2.5-3 cm/d were estimated for the period from late April to early May during the rapid northward expansion of the ice cover. While the pack ice becomes more compact, sea ice formation declines to 1 cm/d in June/July, and virtually stops by the end of August, when the maximum ice extent is reached. Modeled and observed freezing rates agree remarkably well, so that the model can be used to complete the seasonal cycle. By sampling the ocean during winter, elephant seals fill a blind spot in our sampling coverage, bringing us closer to a truly global ocean observing system.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 2
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    Southern Ocean frontal structure and sea-ice formation rates revealed by elephant seals (2008)
    In:  EPIC3Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), 105(33), pp. 11634-11639
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 3
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    Effect of natural iron fertilization on carbon sequestration in the Southern Ocean (2007)
    In:  EPIC3Nature, 446, pp. 1070-1074
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The π/2 Side-Reflection Laue Technique and the New Chart (1997)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 30 (1997), S. 456-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: For the capability of dynamic studies of structural changes of crystals under the environment of heat, electric or magnetic field, the π/2 side-reflection Laue technique is performed in which the X-ray source, the specimen and the film are aligned along an L-shaped track. A new chart has also been designed for the analysis of π/2 side-reflection Laue patterns. This new chart is applied to the analysis of crystal orientation in the π/2 side-reflection Laue technique and to indexing the planes of simultaneous multiple-reflection images in Berg–Barrett topography. Also, the equation of zonal trace has been derived for depicting the zonal curves of configurations of π/2 side-reflection spots and confirming the results which are analyzed by the new chart.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889897000721
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal pH control of batch processes for production of curdlan by Agrobacterium species (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 23 (1999), S. 143-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: curdlan production; optimal pH profile; batch process
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: We sought an optimal pH profile to maximize curdlan production in a batch fermentation of Agrobacterium species. The optimal pH profile was calculated using a gradient iteration algorithm based on the minimum principle of Pontryagin. The model equations describing cell growth and curdlan production were developed as functions of pH, sucrose concentration, and ammonium concentration, since the specific rates of cell growth and curdlan production were highly influenced by those parameters. The pH profile provided the strategy to shift the culture pH from the optimal growth condition (pH 7.0) to the optimal production one (pH 5.5) at the time of ammonium exhaustion. By applying the optimal pH profile in the batch process, we obtained significant improvement in curdlan production (64 g L−1) compared to that of constant pH operation (36 g L−1).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900714
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of mini-proinsulin precursors using N-termini of human TNF α as fusion partners in recombinant Escherichia coli (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 22 (1999), S. 176-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: Escherichia coli; mini-proinsulin; N-terminus residues; human tumor necrosis factor α; fusion partners
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Synthesis of human mini-proinsulin precursors was investigated in controlled fed-batch cultures at high cell concentrations of recombinant Escherichia coli. Transcription of the recombinant gene was controlled by a T7 promoter system. The human mini-proinsulin was prepared by substituting a C-chain peptide of natural proinsulin with a peptide sequence of only nine amino acids. The reduced size of fusion proinsulin and hence the increased purity of human insulin in the recombinant product may contribute to increasing the fermentation yield of human insulin. Three precursors (T1-, T2-, and T3-M2PI) were constructed by utilizing the N-terminus residues of human tumor necrosis factor α as fusion partners. The T2 precursor was most soluble in the cytoplasm, and exerted the most inhibitory effect on recombinant cell growth. In the production of T2-M2PI, significant amounts of undesirable metabolic by-products (acetate and ammonia) accumulated in the culture broth even at very low specific cell growth rate. The major portion of all synthesized precursors aggregated to insoluble inclusion bodies but the protein aggregates were easily converted to monomers in the presence of the anionic detergent (SDS) without using any reducing agent. With the expression of T1-M2PI, growth inhibition was minimal, and the maximum volumetric yield of mini-proinsulin (M2PI) in fermentation cultures was at the highest level among the synthesized precursors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900619
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved process for production of recombinant yeast-derived monomeric human G-CSF (1999)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 52 (1999), S. 338-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (hG-CSF) was efficiently secreted at high levels in fed-batch cultures of recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, the secreted recombinant hG-CSF (rhG-CSF) was shown to exist as large multimers in the culture broth due to strong hydrophobic interaction. It was hardly monomerized even by urea at high concentration. This multimer has been reported to diminish specific receptor-binding activity of hG-CSF and causes undesirable problems in the downstream process. When the rhG-CSF was secreted to extracellular broth in the presence of a non-ionic surfactant (Tween 80) in the culture media, the multimerization of the secreted rhG-CSF was efficiently prevented in the fed-batch cultures. Also, the monomer fraction and secretion efficiency of rhG-CSF were significantly increased at the higher culture pH (6.5). Without using any denaturing agents, the secreted rhG-CSF monomer was easily purified with high recovery yield and purity via a simple purification process under acidic conditions, consisting of diafiltration, cation exchange, and gel filtration chromatography. A lyophilization process devoid of intermonomer aggregation was also designed using effective stabilizing agents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051529
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of curdlan using sucrose or sugar cane molasses by two-step fed-batch cultivation of Agrobacterium species (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 18 (1997), S. 255-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: curdlan production; Agrobacterium sp; nitrogen limitation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Maltose and sucrose were efficient carbon sources for the production of curdlan by a strain of Agrobacterium sp. A two-step, fed-batch operation was designed in which biomass was first produced, followed by curdlan production which was stimulated by nitrogen limitation. There exists an optimal timing for nitrogen limitation for curdlan production in the two-step, fed-batch operation. Maximum curdlan production (60 g L−1) was obtained from sucrose with a productivity of 0.2 g L−1 h−1 when nitrogen was limited at a cell concentration of 16.0 g L−1. It was also noted that the curdlan yield from sucrose was as high as 0.45 g curdlan g−1 sucrose, and the highest specific production rate was 1.0 g curdlan g−1 cells h−1 right after nitrogen limitation. Of particular importance was the use of molasses as a cheap carbon source to produce curdlan in the two-step, fed-batch cultivation. As high as 42 g L−1 of curdlan with a yield of 0.35 g curdlan g−1 total sugar was obtained after 120 h of fed-batch cultivation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900378
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shape design sensitivity analysis of nonlinear 2-D solids with elasto-plastic material (1999)
    Springer
    Structural and multidisciplinary optimization 18 (1999), S. 236-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-1488
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A continuum-based shape design sensitivity analysis (DSA) method is presented for 2-D solid components with rate-independent elasto-plastic material. The material derivative of continuum mechanics is utilized to develop a continuum-based shape DSA method. The design sensitivity equation is derived using the incremental form of the equilibrium equation and increments of the static response with respect to shape design variables. The direct differentiation method is utilized to obtain the first-order variation of the performance measure explicitly in terms of variations of shape design variables. With the consistent tangent stiffness matrix employed at the end of each load step to compute the design sensitivity, the method does not require iterations to compute the design sensitivity. Numerical results are presented for a hollow cylinder model and a membrane with a hole model to validate the proposed DSA method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01223305
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of copolyester structure on the conductivity of polypyrrole/copolyester composite films (1997)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 39 (1997), S. 473-479 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The effect of ionic group content and main chain structure of copolyesters on the electrical conductivity of polypyrrole/copolyester composite films was investigated. The composite films were prepared by polymerizing pyrrole through vapor phase absorption onto the copolyester films that contained FeCl3. The conductivity of polypyrrole/copolyester composite films increased with the DMS content and reached its maximum when the DMS content reached about 10 mol%. The conductivity increased dramatically when DMS content was more than 5 mol% that was considered as the critical composition for polypyrrole continuity. The conductivity increased with the EG content at the same DMT/DMI ratio and showed maximum when DMT : DMI ratio was 1 : 1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002890050175
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