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  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism  (1)
  • Endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF)  (1)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-0603
    Keywords: Coculture ; Endothelium ; Endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) ; Inflammatory cells ; Nitric oxide ; Vascular smooth muscle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of applying a novel coculture model for the investigation of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) as well as exploring its applicability for investigating important cell-to-cell interactions. Bovine aortic endothelial cells (EC) were grown on micropore filters while porcine aortic smooth muscle cells (SMC) were grown separately on plates. When confluent these two cell layers were cocultured such that the EC maintained proper polarity and orientation to the underlying SMC. We found that coculturing EC with SMC for five minutes caused significant increase in SMC cGMP, 43±4 vs 268±13 fmols/well (p〈0.0001). This EC-mediated effect was further augmented with EDRF agonists and with L-arginine supplementation, but was inhibited by nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (NAME) and reduced hemoglobin. When the EC were cocultured with subendothelial THP-1 monocytes for three hours prior to the SMC coculture, the EC mediated increase in SMC cGMP, both stimulated and unstimulated, was significantly reduced. We conclude that this flexible coculture model can be used to study EDRF release from EC and can be applied to study important cell-to-cell interactions that have been difficult to address in other models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1998-05-23
    Description: Anthrax lethal toxin, produced by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, is the major cause of death in animals infected with anthrax. One component of this toxin, lethal factor (LF), is suspected to be a metalloprotease, but no physiological substrates have been identified. Here it is shown that LF is a protease that cleaves the amino terminus of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases 1 and 2 (MAPKK1 and MAPKK2) and that this cleavage inactivates MAPKK1 and inhibits the MAPK signal transduction pathway. The identification of a cleavage site for LF may facilitate the development of LF inhibitors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Duesbery, N S -- Webb, C P -- Leppla, S H -- Gordon, V M -- Klimpel, K R -- Copeland, T D -- Ahn, N G -- Oskarsson, M K -- Fukasawa, K -- Paull, K D -- Vande Woude, G F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 May 1;280(5364):734-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Advanced BioScience Laboratories-Basic Research Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Post Office Box B, Frederick, MD 21702.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9563949" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antigens, Bacterial ; *Bacillus anthracis/enzymology ; Bacterial Toxins/metabolism/*toxicity ; Binding Sites ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Cell Line, Transformed ; Enzyme Activation ; Enzyme Inhibitors/toxicity ; Humans ; MAP Kinase Kinase 1 ; MAP Kinase Kinase 2 ; Metalloendopeptidases/metabolism/toxicity ; Mice ; *Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases ; Myelin Basic Protein/metabolism ; Oocytes/physiology ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*antagonists & ; inhibitors/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Sequence Deletion ; Signal Transduction ; Xenopus laevis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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