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  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (14)
  • Seismological Society of Japan
  • 2005-2009  (1)
  • 1995-1999  (21)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effectiveness of Some Natural Antimicrobial Compounds in Controlling Pathogen or Spoilage Bacteria in Lightly Fermented Chinese Cabbage (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 70 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : This study was designed to evaluate the bactericidal or bacteriostatic effect of chitosan, an allyl isothiocyanate (AIT) product, and nisin for the artificially inoculated pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella Enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes) or natural microflora of fermented Chinese cabbage. Addition of 0.1% chitosan decreased the population of pathogens from 0.7 to 1.7 log colony-forming units (CFU)/g after 4 d of storage at 10 °C. The bactericidal activity of chitosan was found to be stronger than that of nisin (0.05 mg/g). Addition of 0.2% of the AIT product (containing AIT and hop extract) exhibited a bacteriostatic effect. However, a combination of AIT product and chitosan enhanced bactericidal efficacy against L. monocytogenes. The addition of chitosan or AIT product was observed to suppress the populations of mesophilic and coliform bacteria during storage at 10 °C for 4 d. Moreover, the use of chitosan or the AIT product did not change the sensory quality of the lightly fermented vegetable. Therefore, these results suggest that chitosan or the AIT product could be useful to improve the microbial safety and quality of lightly fermented vegetable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.tb08323.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of β-galactosidase fractions from Japanese pear: Activity against native cell wall polysaccharides (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 93 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: β-Galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) was purified from the cell wall of the fruit of Japanese pear (Pyrus serotina Rehder var. culta Rehder cv. Hosui) and characterized. Five peaks of β-galactosidase activity, designated as Gal I to V, were separated by hydrophobic chromatography on butyl toyopearl and ion exchange chromatography on Mono S. These isolated β-galactosidases were investigated with regard to their abilities to release monomeric galactose from the fractionated polymers of native cell wall (cyclo-hexane-trans-1,2-diamine tetraacetic acid-, Na2CO3-, guanidine thiocyanate- and KOH-soluble fractions) and arabinogalactan (from larch wood). All the β-galactosidase fractions were active against native cell wall polysaccharides although to varying degrees. Gal I reacted to all fractions of native cell wall polysaccharides although to varying degrees. Gal I reacted to all fractions of native cell wall and arabinogalactan. Gal II released much galactose only from KOH-soluble polymers and arabinogalactan. Gal III released the most galactose. from cyclohexane-trans-1,2-diamine tetraacetic acid-, Na2CO3- and guanidine thiocyanate-soluble cell wall polymers which probably contained galactosyl side chains of pectic polymers, although it did not react much to arabinogalactan. In addition, the activity of Gal Ill dramatically increased as ripening proceeded. Furthermore, Gal III was purified to homogeneity by gel filtration on TSKgel 3000SW and the size of a polypeptide was 80 kDa on SDS-PAGE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1995.tb06856.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of butyrolactone autoregulators by Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 157 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We report here that Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) produces at least seven butyrolactone autoregulators: two of the IM-2 type, four virginiae butanolide type, and one A-factor type. The most abundant one corresponds to virginiae butanolide-C9 having a C2 side chain of nine carbons. Model butyrolactone compounds as well as extracts of S. coelicolor mycelia showed clear induction of morphological differentiation, implying that S. coelicolor A3(2) probably possessed butyrolactone-type autoregulator(s) controlling the morphological differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb12756.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and characterization of 6-dehydroVB-A reductase from Streptomyces antibioticus (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 171 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Streptomyces antibioticus NF-18 is a hyperproducing strain of a Streptomyces hormone, virginiae butanolide A (VB-A), that induces virginiamycin production of S. virginiae at nanomolar concentrations. To characterize the biosynthetic pathway of VB-A, we identified and characterized for the first time the 6-dehydroVB-A reductase that is responsible for the final reduction step in the biosynthesis. Assay protocols and stabilization conditions were established. The 6-dehydroVB-A reductase was found to require NADPH, not NADH, as a coenzyme. The Km values of the enzyme for NADPH and (±)-6-dehydroVB-A were determined to be 50±2 μM and 100±5 μM, respectively. Ultracentrifugation experiments revealed that 6-dehydroVB-A reductase was present almost exclusively in the 100 000×g supernatant fraction, indicating that the enzyme is a cytoplasmic-soluble protein. The Mr of the native 6-dehydroVB-A reductase was estimated to be 82 000±3000 by molecular sieve HPLC. The optimal pH was found to be 6.7±0.2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13431.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced invasion of Tyzzer's organism into cultured mouse hepatocytes by cytochalasin D (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 160 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effects of cytoskeleton inhibitors on the invasion of Tyzzer's organism, an obligate intracellular bacterium, into cultured mouse hepatocytes were examined by double immunofluorescence observation and plaque assay. The two techniques gave comparable results. Invasion of bacteria was significantly enhanced by cytochalasin D, a microfilament disrupting drug, and markedly suppressed by vinblastine, a microtubule inhibitor. Another microtubule inhibitor, colchicine, did not show any substantial effect. However, the cytoskeletal system of cultured mouse hepatocytes was sensitive to these three drugs, as judged by inhibition of FITC-dextran uptake. These results suggest that Tyzzer's organisms invade host cells by a unique mechanism that is suppressed by the normal functions of host cell microfilaments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb12897.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of ViaB regions of Vi-positive organisms (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 157 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We cloned the vipR genes from Salmonella paratyphi C, S. dublin, and Citrobacter freundii strains and compared them with the S. typhi sequence to clarify the genetic relationship of the ViaB regions of Vi-positive organisms. ViaB regions were divided into two groups based on their sequences, the Salmonella and C. freundii groups. The vipR coding sequences of the Salmonella group were identical. Southern blot hybridization results using the full-length ViaB region as a probe support these findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb12752.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and analysis of methanol oxidation genes in the methylotroph Hyphomicrobium methylovorum GM2 (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 154 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The gene encoding the α-subunit of methanol dehydrogenase (mxaF) and its flanking region was isolated from a methylotrophic bacterium, Hyphomicrobium methylovorum GM2. The deduced amino acid sequence of MxaF showed 80, 80, 74 and 66% identity with those of Methylobacterium extorquens AM1, M. organophilum XX, Paracoccus denitrificans and Methylophilus methylotrophus, respectively. The putative mxaF promoter sequence (−35 -AAAGACA-, −10 -TAGAA-) observed in other methylotrophs was not found in the region 5′ of H. methylovorum GM2 mxaF. Downstream of mxaF, five open reading frames and one partial open reading frame were detected which had high identity with the genes mxaJ, mxaG, mxaI, mxaR, mxaS and mxaA. This indicated the existence of a mxaFJGIRSA gene cluster in H. methylovorum GM2, as previously observed in M. extorquens AM1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb12673.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salmonella typhi rpoS mutant is less cytotoxic than the parent strain but survives inside resting THP-1 macrophages (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 161 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Transcription of the stationary-phase sigma factor RpoS of Salmonella typhi increased in the macrophage. A single rpoS mutant of S. typhi was constructed to analyze the role of RpoS in intracellular multiplication of the bacterium and host cell killing. This mutant was sensitive to starvation, low pH and hydrogen peroxide; however, it could still multiply inside resting macrophages and was less cytotoxic than the wild-type strain. Therefore, S. typhi might produce RpoS-dependent factors which could contribute to host cell death.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb12949.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in structure of starch and enzyme activities affected by sugary mutations in developing rice endosperm. Possible role of starch debranching enzyme (R-enzyme) in amylopectin biosynthesis (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 97 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In maturing endosperms of a variety of sugary mutants of rice, phytoglycogen-like polysaccharides with highly branched a-glucans were accumulated instead of amylopectin. while the amylose content greatly decreased. Measurement of activities per endosperm of the 10 major enzymes involved in starch and sucrose metabolism revealed that the activity of starch debranching enzyme (R-enzyme) was specifically reduced in the sugary mutants. The activity of starch branching enzyme I (Q-enzyme I) was also significantly decreased, but less so than the R-enzyme, in the mutants, suggesting some coordination of the expression of the genes coding for R-enzyme and Q-enzyme I. Western blot analysis showed that the sugary mutations of rice resulted in a decrease in the amount of R-enzyme protein, but not in major modification of the enzyme. These findings strongly suggest that R-enzyme plays a critical role in determining the amylopectin fine structure, since at the extremely low level of R-enzyme activity as compared with Q-enzyme activity, as found in sugary mutants, the rice endosperm produced phytoglycogen. We hypothesize that balance of activities or interaction between Q-enzyme and R-enzyme may be responsible for the fine structure of a-polyglucans in plant tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1996.tb00508.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IL-2 Signaling Involves Recruitment and Activation of Multiple Protein Tyrosine Kinases by the IL-2 Receptor (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 766 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb26671.x
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