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  • Springer  (55)
  • 2005-2009  (27)
  • 1995-1999  (28)
  • 1925-1929
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cholinergic transmission from mechanosensory afferents to an identified nonspiking interneuron in the crayfish Procambarus clarkii girard (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 179 (1996), S. 447-454 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Nonspiking interneuron ; Synaptic transmission ; Crayfish ; Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ; Mechanosensory system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Pharmacological properties of excitatory synaptic transmission from mechanosensory afferents to an identifiable nonspiking interneuron of crayfish were studied by drug perfusion experiments using acetylcholine (ACh) agonists and antagonists. Application of carbachol, a general agonist of ACh, caused sustained depolarization of the interneuron and a decrease in the peak amplitude of its excitatory synaptic response to sensory stimulation on the soma side. Similar depolarization was observed during application of carbachol under the low-Ca2+, high-Mg2+ condition. The peak amplitude was also reduced by application of nicotine and tetramethylammonium, both of which also caused sustained depolarization of the inter-neuron. By contrast, perfusion of muscarinic agonists, muscarine, oxotremorine and pilocarpine, reduced the peak amplitude without affecting the membrane potential of the interneuron. Perfusion of nicotonic antagonists of ACh, d-tubocurarine and hexamethonium, caused reduction of the peak amplitude without any change in the membrane potential. A muscarinic antagonist atropine was also effective in blocking the synaptic transmission but at higher concentration than d-tubocurarine. The results suggest that the ACh receptors on the nonspiking interneuron belong to a previously characterized class of crustacean cholinergic receptors resembling the nicotinic subtype of vertebrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00192312
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical characterization of laser-induced crystallized silicon films (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 63 (1996), S. 333-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 78.66.Db ; 61.80.Ba ; 81.10.Eq
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Optical absorption coefficient spectra of thin silicon films were precisely investigated using a simple reflectance system with total reflectance mirrors placed on the rear side of samples in order to cancel an interference effect in a range between 1.1 eV and 3 eV. The absorption coefficient decreased according to crystallization as the laser energy increased and it got similar to that of single crystalline silicon in the range of 1.7 eV ∼ 3 eV. However, the absorption coefficient was higher than 102 cm−1 in the photon energy lower than 1.3 eV. This probably results from band tail states caused by defect states localized at grain boundaries in the crystallized films. 2.5%-phosphorus doped laser crystallized silicon films had a high optical absorption coefficient ( 〉 104 cm−1) in the low photon energy range (1.1 eV ∼ 1.7 eV) caused by free carriers produced from the dopant atoms activated in the silicon films. The experimental results gave the carrier density of 1.3 × 1021 cm3 and the carrier mobility of 20 cm2/Vs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01567322
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical characterization of laser-induced crystallized silicon films (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 63 (1996), S. 333-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 78.66.Db; 61.80.Ba; 81.10.Eq
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract.  Optical absorption coefficient spectra of thin silicon films were precisely investigated using a simple reflectance system with total reflectance mirrors placed on the rear side of samples in order to cancel an interference effect in a range between 1.1 eV and 3 eV. The absorption coefficient decreased according to crystallization as the laser energy increased and it got similar to that of single crystalline silicon in the range of 1.7 eV∼3 eV. However, the absorption coefficient was higher than 102 cm-1 in the photon energy lower than 1.3 eV. This probably results from band tail states caused by defect states localized at grain boundaries in the crystallized films. 2.5%-phosphorus doped laser crystallized silicon films had a high optical absorption coefficient (〉104 cm-1) in the low photon energy range (1.1 eV∼1.7 eV) caused by free carriers produced from the dopant atoms activated in the silicon films. The experimental results gave the carrier density of 1.3×1021 cm3 and the carrier mobility of 20 cm2/Vs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390050394
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Redistribution and fate of colchicine-induced alkaline phosphatase in rat hepatocytes: possible formation of autophagosomes whose membrane is derived from excess plasma membrane (1995)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 104 (1995), S. 257-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The redistribution and fate of colchicine-induced alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) in rat hepatocytes were investigated by electron microscopic enzyme cytochemistry and biochemistry. ALPase activity markedly increased in rat hepatocytes after colchicine treatment (2.0 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneal injection). At 20–24 h after colchicine treatment, the liver showed the highest activity of ALPase. Thereafter, ALPase activity decreased and returned to normal levels at 48 h. In normal hepatocytes from control rats, ALPase activity was seen only on the bile canalicular membrane. However, at 20–24 h after colchicine treatment, colchicine-induced ALPase was redistributed in the sinusoidal and lateral (basolateral) membranes as well as in the bile canalicular membrane. At 30–36 h after colchicine treatment, ALPase activity on the basolateral membrane gradually decreased. In contrast, ALPase in the bile canalicular membrane increased along with the enlargement of bile canaliculi, suggesting that ALPase in the basolateral membrane had been transported to the bile canalicular membrane. Furthermore, ALPase-positive vesicles, cisternae and autophagosome-like structures were frequently seen in the cytoplasm. ALPase was also positive in some lysosomal membranes. ALPase in hepatocytes at 48 h after colchicine treatment returned to almost the same location as in control hepatocytes. Altogether, it is suggested that excessively induced ALPase is at least partially retrieved by invagination of the bile canalicular membrane and then transported to lysosomes for degradation. In addition, this study indicates that excess plasma membrane might be a possible origin of autophagosomal membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01464321
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contracted Gaussian-type basis functions revisited II. Atoms Na through Ar (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical chemistry accounts 96 (1997), S. 243-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2234
    Keywords: Key words: Contracted Gaussian-type function ; Minimal-type basis sets ; Second-row atoms ; Self-consistent field ; Configuration interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. We report five minimal-type contracted Gaussian-type function (CGTF) basis sets of the second-row atoms, Na – Ar, for molecular applications. Three of the present CGTF sets are revised versions of those given by Huzinaga and co-workers and the other two are newly developed for more accurate calculations. Practical utility and improved reliability of the present basis sets, augmented by polarization functions, are confirmed by test calculations on the P atom and P2 molecule both at the self-consistent field (SCF) and configuration interaction (CI) levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002140050226
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation of Microenvironment around Auramine O Molecules Doped in Silica Prepared from Tetramethoxysilane (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 10 (1997), S. 13-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: organic-inorganic composite ; Auramine O ; fluorescence prove ; microscopic viscosity ; sol-gel transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Silica gel doped with Auramine O (AuO), which is known as a microscopic viscosity probe through fluorescence spectra, was prepared by the sol-gel method using tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) as a starting alkoxide. Fluorescence spectra from the starting solution to the dry gel were measured to pursue the variation of microscopic viscosity around the AuO molecules during the sol-gel process. The fluorescence intensity of AuO did not change at the gelation point, indicating that the microscopic viscosity around AuO did not change during the sol-to-gel transformation. The intensity was, however, increased largely in the drying process; the internal motion of AuO molecules became largely restricted by the surrounded silica matrix during the drying process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018375903949
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of stable lead isotope ratios in environmental samples: Combination of microwave digestion and ICP-MS (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 242 (1999), S. 717-720 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Microwave digestion was applied as pretreatment of environmental samples for the determination of lead isotope ratios by ICP-MS. Microwave digestion decomposed the samples easily and rapidly without lead contamination. The lead isotope ratios could be measured directly by ICP-MS without tedious lead purification, because the influence of the matrix elements on measurements of lead isotope ratios is small enough to be ignored.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02347384
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Establishment of a monoclonal antibody directed against Gb3Cer/CD77: a useful immunochemical reagent for a differentiation marker in Burkitt's Iymphoma and germinal centre B cells (1997)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 14 (1997), S. 379-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: mouse monoclonal antibody ; Gb3Cer/CD77 antigen ; P1 antigen ; Burkitt's lymphoma ; germinal centre B cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A new monoclonal antibody (TU-1) directed against the Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glc residue of the Gb3Cer/CD77 antigen was prepared by the hybridoma technique following immunization of mice with an emulsion composed of monophosphoryl lipid A, trehalose dimycolate, and Gb3Cer isolated from porcine erythrocytes. TU-1 showed reactivity towards Gb3Cer and lyso-Gb3Cer (Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Sph), although the reactivity towards lyso-Gb3Cer was about 10-fold lower than that to Gb3Cer. But it did not react with other structurally-related glycolipids, such as LacCer (Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer), Gg3Cer, Gg4Cer, Gb4Cer (GalNAcβ1-3Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer), galactosylparagloboside (Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer), sulfatide (HSO3-3Galβ1-1′Cer), other gangliosides (GM3, GM2, GM1a, GD1a and GT1b), or P1 antigen (Galα1-4Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer) among neutral glycolipids prepared from P1 phenotype red blood cells. Furthermore, TU-1 reacted with viable lymphoma cells, such as human Burkitt lymphoma cell line, Daudi, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed B cells by the immunofluorescence method, and also with germinal centre B cells in human tonsil and vessel endothelial cells in human thymus histochemically. These results indicate that TU-1 is a monoclonal antibody directed against Gb3Cer/CD77 antigen and can be utilized as a diagnostic reagent for Burkitt's lymphoma and also for detection of the blood group Pk antigen in glycolipid extracts of erythrocytes. Abbreviations: ATL, adult T-cell leukaemia; BSA, bovine serum albumin; Cer, ceramide; DPPC, L-α-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; FCS, fetal calf serum; GalCer, Galβ1-1′Cer; GlcCer, Glcβ1-1′Cer; LacCer, Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; Gb3Cer, Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; Iyso-Gb3Cer, Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glc1-1′Sph; Gb4Cer, GalNAcβ1-3Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glc1-1′Cer; galactosylparagloboside, Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; Gg3Cer, GalNAcβ1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; Gg4Cer, Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; GM3, Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; GM2, GalNAcβ1-4(Neu5Acα2-3) Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; GM1a, Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-4(Neu5Acα2-3)Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; GD1a, Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-4(Neu5Acα2-3)Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; GD1b, Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-4(Neu5Acα2-8Neu5Acα2-3)Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; GT1b, Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-4(Neu5Acα2-8Neu5Acα2-3) Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; HRP, horseradish peroxidase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; MAb, monoclonal antibody; MPL, monophosphoryl lipid A; P1 antigen, Galα1-4Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; PVP, polyvinylpyrolidone; Sph, sphingosine; sulfatide, HSO3-Galβ1-1′Cer; TDM, trehalose dimycolate; TLC, thin-layer chromatography
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018578829997
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three new species ofBullera isolated from leaves in the Ogasawara Islands (1999)
    Springer
    Mycoscience 40 (1999), S. 491-501 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Keywords: ballistoconidium-forming yeast ; Bullera boninensis ; Bullera schimicola ; Bullera waltii
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Thirteen strains of ballistoconidium-forming yeasts were isolated from leaves collected in the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. They represent three different species in the genusBullera on the basis of morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, analyses of the sequences of internal transcribed spacer regions and small subunit ribosomal DNA, and a nuclear DNA-DNA hybridization study. Three new species,Bullera boninensis (five strains),B. waltii (seven strains), andB. schimicola (one strain), are proposed for these 13 strains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02461026
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature effects on sex differentiation of two South American atherinids, Odontesthes argentinensis and Patagonina hatcheri (1996)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 47 (1996), S. 143-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Sex determination ; ESD ; TSD ; Pejerrey ; Fishes ; Gonads ; Histology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis The present study investigated the effects of water temperature (18, 21, and 25 °C) on the histological process of gonadal sex differentiation of two commercially important atherinid fishes from South America, Odontesthes argentinensis (sea pejerrey) and Patagonina hatcheri (Patagonian freshwater pejerrey). In both species, female gonadal sex differentiation began with the formation of lateral stromal cell outgrowths and the appearance of meiotic oocytes. The male gonads remained quiescent for about twice as long as the female gonads, with differentiation becoming evident by the formation of the main sperm duct and of cysts of germ cells at the periphery of the gonads. Meiosis in males occurred relatively long after somatic differentiation of the testis. The ovaries of O. argentinensis differentiated at 28 days (20.3 mm) at 25 °C, 42 days (24.0 mm) at 21 °C, and 56 days (23.8 mm) at 18 °C. In the males, differentiation was observed at 98 days at 25 and 21 °C (39.4 mm and 40.4 mm, respectively), but at 112 days under 18 °C (40.7 mm). In P. hatcheri, differentiation of females occurred at 21 days (17.8 mm) at 25 °C, 28 days (20.8 mm) at 21 °C, and 35 days (23.2 mm) at 18 °C. Male differentiation became evident at 56 days under 25 and 21 °C (30.8 and 32.7 mm, respectively), and at 70 days (37.7 mm) at 18 °C. The sex-ratios of O. argentinensis reared at 18 or 21 °C were female-biased whereas those at 25 °C were not; groups reared at 18 °C had significantly more females than groups from the same progeny reared at 25 °C. In contrast, the sex-ratios in all groups of P. hatcheri did not differ significantly from 1:1 and no significant differences were found between groups of the same progeny reared at different temperatures. These results suggest the occurrence of thermolabile sex determination (TSD) in O. argentinensis whereas in P. hatcheri gonadal sex appears to be strongly genetically determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00005037
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