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  • Chemistry  (10)
  • 2005-2009  (1)
  • 1995-1999  (3)
  • 1990-1994  (6)
  • 1
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    Food Engineering: Integrated Approaches (2008)
    New York, NY : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Food science
    ISBN: 9780387754307
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75430-7
    Language: English
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    E-BOOK
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat transfer simulation in solid substrate fermentation (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 35 (1990), S. 802-808 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A mathematical model was developed and tested to simulate the generation and transfer of heat in solid substrate fermentation (SSF). The experimental studies were realized in a 1-L static bioreactor packed with cassava wet meal and inoculated with Aspergillus niger. A simplified pseudohomogeneous monodimensional dynamic model was used for the energy balance. Kinetic equations taking into account biomass formation (logistic), sugar consumption (with maintenance), and carbon dioxide formation were used. Model verification was achieved by comparison of calculated and experimental temperatures. Heat transfer was evaluated by the estimation of Biot and Peclet heat dimensionless numbers 5-10 and 2550-2750, respectively. It was shown that conduction through the fermentation fixed bed was the main heat transfer resistance. This model intends to reach a better understanding of transport phenomena in SSF, a fact which could be used to evaluate various alternatives for temperature control of SSF, i.e., changing air flow rates and increasing water content. Dimensionless numbers could be used as scale-up criteria of large fermentors, since in those ratios are described the operating conditions, geometry, and size of the bioreactor. It could lead to improved solid reactor systems. The model can be used as a basis for automatic control of SSF for the production of valuable metabolites in static fermentors.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260350808
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stereoselective metabolic pathways of ketoprofen in the rat: Incorporation into triacylglycerols and enantiomeric inversion (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 8 (1996), S. 163-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: arylpropionic acid ; ketoprofen ; enantiomer ; stereoselectivity ; Coenzyme A thioester ; hybrid triacylglycerols ; inversion ; adipose tissue ; hepatocytes ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The enantiomeric bioinversion of ketoprofen (KP) enantiomers and their incorporation into triacylglycerols were investigated in the rat (1) in vitro, using liver homogenates, subcellular fractions, and hepatocytes, and (2) in vivo, in different tissue samples after oral administration of the radiolabelled compounds. In liver homogenates or subcellular fractions, the enantiomer (S)-ketoprofen (S-KP) was recovered unchanged, whereas (R)-ketoprofen (R-KP) was partially converted into its Coenzyme A (CoA) thioester and inverted to S-KP. Both processes occurred mainly in the mitochondrial fraction. This supports the mechanism of inversion via stereoselective formation of CoA thioesters of R-KP, already described for other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Incorporation into triacylglycerols was detected after incubation with intact hepatocytes in the presence of added glycerol. The process was stereoselective for R-KP vs. S-KP (covalently bound radioactivity 26,742 ± 4,665 dpm/106 cells vs. 6,644 ± 3,179 dpm/106 cells, respectively). However, no incorporation was found in liver samples after oral administration of either R-KP or S-KP. On the contrary, in adipose tissue samples a significant and stereoselective formation of hybrid triacylglycerols was observed: 11,076 ± 2,790 dpm.g-1 for R-KP vs. 660 ± 268 dpm.g-1 for S-KP. The incorporated R/S ratio, higher in adipose tissue (R/S = 17) than in hepatocytes (R/S = 4), indicates that fat may be the main tissue store for the xenobiotic R-KP in rats. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stereoselective cyclooxygenase inhibition in cellular models by the enantiomers of ketoprofen (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 5 (1993), S. 589-595 
    Details
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: NSAIDs ; enantioselectivity ; prostaglandin E2 ; thromboxane B2 ; HUVEC ; PMN ; keratinocytes ; P388D1 ; platelets ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The pharmacological activity of rac-ketoprofen and its enantiomers was investigated in vitro using different cellular models. The effect of these compounds on arachidonic acid metabolism was assessed by measuring the inhibition of prostanoid generation under the action of several agonists. Thus, we have evaluated the inhibition of (1) thromboxane B2 synthesis in rabbit platelets and human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), (2) prostaglandin E2 synthesis in three cultured cells, namely human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), human keratinocytes, and mouse macrophage-like P388D1 cells. The IC50 values found for (+)-(S)-ketoprofen were in the range between 0.1 nM and 0.8 μM, being slightly lower in all models than those found for rac-ketoprofen (0.4 nM-3 μM). On the other hand, (-)-(R)-ketoprofen showed inhibition of cyclooxygenase only at concentrations two or three orders of magnitude higher than those required for the (+)-(S) enantiomer. These results, obtained with cell types of relevance for inflammatory processes and with compounds of high optical purity, demonstrate that the prostanoid biosynthesis inhibition caused by the drug rac-ketoprofen is exclusively due to its dextrorotatory enantiomer. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chir.530050805
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soluble aromatic polyimides based on 2,2-bis(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane: Synthesis and properties (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 59 (1996), S. 725-735 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Aromatic polyimides were synthesized from 2,2-bis(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane (6F-OH diamine) and different aromatic dianhydrides by a one-step hightemperature polycondensation, or by a two-step procedure using either thermal or chemical imidization of poly(amic acids), PAA. The obtained polyimides were compared in terms of their chemical structure, molecular weight, mechanical and thermal properties. The reaction of 6F-OH diamine with different aromatic dianhydrides in amide solvents at room temperature resulted in the formation of PAA with moderate molecular weight (ηinh ≤ 0.7 g/dL). The thermal imidization of these PAAs led to brittle hydroxy polyimides (PI-6F-OH). In contrast, chemical imidization of similar PAAs in acetic anhydride and pyridine brought about flexible self-supporting polyimide films. The FTIR analysis indicated that the latter process was accompanied by an esterification of the OH groups in the diamine moieties, resulting in the formation of the polymers with side acetate groups (PI-6F-Ac). The high molecular weight hydroxy polyimides, suitable for preparation of films with good tensile properties, were synthesized by a one-step high-temperature polycondensation in phenolic solvents. All obtained polyimides were well soluble in common organic solvents. The highest solubility was observed for PI-6F-Ac. It was found by means of FTIR and TGA that the polyimides with the R group (R = OH or acetate) in orto position to the nitrogen atom in the diamine moiety underwent a rearrangement to benzoxazoles above 300°C. The starting temperature and conversion of this rearrangement reaction were controlled by the type of R group. The imide-to-benzoxazole rearrangement shifted to lower temperatures, and higher conversion was encountered for the polyimides with side acetate group, PI-6F-Ac, obtained by chemical imidization. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the nuclear substitution on the Sensitized Photooxidation of model compounds for phenolic-type pesticides (1994)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 336 (1994), S. 243-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The dye-sensitized singlet molecular oxygen-mediated photo-oxidation of a series of substituted model compounds for phenolic-type pesticides was studied in several solvents in the alkaline range. From a kinetic point of view, the feasibility to regulate the environmental photo-oxidative degradation by means of the incorporation of electron- withdrawing or electron-releasing substituents in the phenolic nucleous was demonstrated.The photo-oxidability varies from relatively high quantum yields values (0.11 in the most favourable cases for 2,6-dimethyl-4-bromophenol in organic solvent) to non-reactivity (for highly deactivated compounds such as 2,4-dinitrophenol).
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19943360310
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of Hydrido-η3-Allyl Complexes of IrIII by Sequential Olefinic C—H Bond Activation and C—C Coupling of Alkenyl and Olefin Ligands (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemistry - A European Journal 3 (1997), S. 860-873 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Keywords: alkene complexes ; allyl complexes ; C-H activation ; C-C coupling ; iridium ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The bis(ethene) complex [Tp*Ir-(C2H4)2] (1*) (Tp* = tris(3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazol-1-yl)hydroborato) undergoes thermal rearrangement to the hydrido-allyl complex [Tp*IrH(π3-C3H4Me)] (6*), through the intermediacy of the hydrido-vinyl complex [Tp*IrH(C2H3)(C2H4)] (2*). The overall conversion of 1* into 6* corresponds formally to the dimerisation of ethene by an unprecedented pathway that involves sequential C-H bond activation of a coordinated olefin molecule and C-C bond formation by coupling of the resulting vinyl and ethene moieties. Similar transformations have been observed for monosubstituted olefins like propene and 1-butene, while the internal alkene cis-2-butene experiences allylic activation of an sp3 C-H bond, which provides an alternative route to 6*. The extension of these investigations to the analogous complexes of the unsubstituted tris(pyrazolyl)hydroborato ligand Tp is also reported. Mechanistic studies on the formation of the C-C bond by coupling of the vinyl and the olefin ligands suggest the participation of a vinylidene complex (formed by α-H abstraction from the vinyl group), which then rearranges to an allene species. Evidence for the involvement of these and other key reaction intermediates is provided.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.19970030606
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass spectra of some 2-(p-R2-phenyl)-indole-3-carboxaldehyde derivativesContribution No. 1054 from Instituto de Quimica de la UNAM. (1991)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 26 (1991), S. 695-696 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of eight new substituted 2-(p-R2-phenyl)-indole-3-carboxyaldehydes which have potentially useful pharmacological properties, are presented.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210260805
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese und Struktur von Bis(3-diethylamino-5-phenyl-1,2,4-dithiazolium)-tetrachlorocobaltat(II) (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 586 (1990), S. 79-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Structure of Bis(3-diethylamino-5-phenyl-1,2,4-dithiazolium)-tetrachlorocobaltat(II)The title compound 1 was prepared by reaction of Tris(1,1-diethyl-3-benzoyl-thioureato)cobalt(III) with SOCl2 in acetonitrile. 1 has been characterized by IR-spectroscopy and VIS-spectroscopy.The structure of 1 has been determined by an X-ray structure analysis. The compound crystallizes in the monoclin space group C2/c with a = 16.224; b = 11.257; c = 17.697 Å; β = 107,43° and Z = 4. The final R value was R = 0.027 for 2073 observed reflections.The cation of 1 is nearly plane with an extended delocalization of electrons. The CoCl42- anion is tetrahedral with two different long Co—Cl pairs. Interionic contacts S … Cl exists between the structural units of the cations and the anion.
    Notes: Die Darstellung der Titelverbindung 1 erfolgt aus Tris(1,1-diethyl-3-benzoyl-thioureato)-cobalt(III) mit SOCl2 in Acetonitril. 1 wird IR-spektroskopisch und durch VIS-Spektren charakterisiert.Die Struktur von 1 wurde durch Röntgenkristallstrukturanalyse bestimmt. Die Verbindung kristallisiert monoklin in der Raumgruppe C2/c mit den Gitterkonstanten a = 16,224; b = 11,257; c = 17,697 Å, β = 107,43° und Z = 4. Der abschließende R-Wert betrug R = 0,027 für 2073 beobachtete Reflexe.Das Kation von 1 ist nahezu planar und weist eine weitreichende Elektronendelokalisierung auf. Das CoCl42--Anion ist tetraedrisch strukturiert und besitzt zwei unterschiedlich lange Co—Cl-Paare. Zwischen Kation- und Anion-Struktureinheiten bestehen über S und Cl interionische Wechselwirkungen.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19905860111
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alcian blue fixation allows silver staining of the isolated polysaccharide component of bacterial lipopolysaccharides in polyacrylamide gels (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 12 (1991), S. 439-441 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effect of the cationic dye Alcian Blue on the silver staining of bacterial lipopolysaccharide and its polysaccharide and lipid A portions in polyacrylamide gels was investigated. The polysaccharide was only stained when the gel was previously treated with the dye. The polysaccharide moiety was found to be responsible for the lipopolysaccharide staining with silver, whereas the lipid A seemed unimportant. Treatment with Alcian Blue may prove useful to detect hydrophilic components of lipopolysaccharide samples that could no be stained by the usual silver staining procedures.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150120611
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