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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 2516-2519 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 dielectrics modified by CaTiO3 were prepared by a solid-state reaction method, and microstructure analyses were performed together with the dielectric characterization. Solid solutions with cubic perovskite structures were obtained for compositions of 0–60 mol %CaTiO3, and the orthorhombic perovskite structures were observed for compositions near to the end member of CaTiO3 in the present system. The dielectric loss and temperature coefficient could be pronouncedly reduced by incorporating CaTiO3 into Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3. Low-loss dielectrics (tan δ∼10−4 at 1 MHz) with dielectric constants of 120–262 and small temperature coefficient (τε∼−960 to −1100 ppm/ °C) were obtained, and further improvement of dielectric properties could be expected through structural modifications. Good microwave dielectric properties, ε=172.6 and Qf=1930 GHz, were achieved in a composition of 0.4Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3/0.6CaTiO3, where the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency τf was estimated as 470 ppm/ °C. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 2157-2159 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Pb(Zr0.5Ti0.5)O3 thin films 25 nm in thickness were grown on LaNiO3/Pt/Ti buffered Si substrates at 600 °C by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. P–E studies showed a remanent polarization value of 8 μC/cm2 with a coercive field of 200 kV/cm. In polarization fatigue studies, these films only showed slight degradation in remanent polarization up to 4×108 cycles (±3 V oscillation) before breakdown. Moreover, the effect of space charge on the C–V behavior of these films was illustrated I–V characteristics of these films were also described. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 4216-4220 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this article, granular (NiFeCo)35Ag65 films having a nominal atomic ratio of Ni:Fe:Co=74:16:10, near the zero magnetostriction ternary alloy, were prepared by dc magnetron co-sputtering. Subsequent thermal annealing was performed in a vacuum (〈2×10−3 Pa) furnace for 1 h at various temperatures ranging from 250 to 500 °C. The crystalline structure and magnetic structure of the as-deposited and annealed films were characterized by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and magnetic force microscopy. The giant magnetoresistance (GMR) for the films was measured as a function of temperature between 20 and 300 K using a conventional four-point probe dc technique in the presence of a magnetic field up to 7.6 kOe. It was found that, the crystalline structure, the magnetic structure, and consequently the GMR were closely related to the thermal treatment. The film annealed at the temperature of 300 °C has the isolated single domain structure and the highest GMR value of 19.1% at 20 K, while the film annealed at 500 °C has the long-range domain structure and the lowest GMR value of 9.9% at 20 K. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 361-363 (Nov. 2007), p. 531-534 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Silanization of hydroxyapatite was employed to improve the bonding betweenhydroxyapatite and polycaprolactone. FTIR of HA after silanization showed that new peaksattributed to silane do exist. The increase of melting and crystallization temperatures of silanedcomposites shown from DSC implied that there exists much stronger bonding between PCL andsilaned HA particles. Fracture surface of composites after tensile testing observed by using SEMshowed that silaned HA particles dispersed much evenly and coalesced compactly in PCL matrix,suggesting that silaned HA particles had good compatibility with PCL. The tensile strength andmodulus increased from 16.81 MPa and 239.21 MPa to 20.49 MPa and 539.57 MPa, respectively
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 361-363 (Nov. 2007), p. 713-716 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In the present work, technique of plasma polymerization was used to generate amido (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) on titanium surface for immobilizing bovine serum albumin (BSA).After plasma polymerization of allylamine and crylic acid, the contact angle with respect to doubledistilled water significantly increased. Surface components were detected by X-ray photoelectronspectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy. The results showedthat BSA was successfully immobilized on the titanium surface and the amounts of BSA onspecimens were relied on the properties of thin film deposited through plasma polymerization,which was corresponding to the ultraviolet spectrophotometer result
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 280-284 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Rice ; Paste viscosity characteristics ; Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA) ; Quantitative trait locus (QTL) ; Doubled haploid (DH) population
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  In order to understand the genetic basis of the paste viscosity characteristics (RVA profile, which is tested on the Rapid Visco Analyser) of the rice grain, we mapped QTLs for RVA profile parameters using a DH population derived from a cross between an indica variety, Zai-Ye-Qing 8 (ZYQ8), and a japonica variety, Jing-Xi 17 (JX17). Evidence of genotype-by-environment interaction was found by comparing the mapped QTLs between two locations, Hainan (HN) and Hangzhou (HZ). A total of 20 QTLs for six parameters of the RVA profiles were identified at least one location. Only the waxy locus (wx) located on chromosome 6 was detected significantly at both environments for five traits, i.e. hot paste viscosity (HPV), cool paste viscosity (CPV), breakdown viscosity (BDV), consistency viscosity (CSV) and setback viscosity (SBV). This locus explained 19.5%–63.7% of the total variations at both environments, suggesting that the RVA profiles were mainly controlled by the wx gene. HPV, CPV, BDV, CSV and SBV were also controlled by other QTLs whose effects on the respective parameter were detected only in one environment, while for the peak viscosity (PKV), only 2 QTLs, 1 at HN,the other at HZ, were identified. These results indicate that RVA profiles are obviously affected by environment.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta mechanica 144 (2000), S. 43-56 
    ISSN: 1619-6937
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The AUSM+ (Advection Upstream Splitting Method) scheme which was developed on a structured grid has been extended to be used on an unstructured grid. The monotone linear reconstruction procedure using Green-Gauss theory is utilized to obtain second-order spatial accuracy. Barth's limiter is employed to prevent the solution from spurious oscillations. An adaptive multigrid strategy is used to accelerate the convergence. Numerical results for several test cases are presented.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Crop science 40 (2000), S. 1-6 
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Hordeum vulgare L.) breeding programs recognize eastern and western Canada as separate target regions, but the extent of local adaptation to regions and subregions within them has not been studied. Genotype × region and subregion interactions were estimated in 145 lines from the two-row barley cross Harrington/TR306 in 22 trials in 1992-1993. The trials were grouped into five subregions (Maritimes–Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba–North Dakota, Saskatchewan, and Alberta) and two regions (eastern Canada and western Canada plus North Dakota). Variance components were estimated by a model in which the genotype × location σ2 GL variance was subdivided into a genotype × region (or subregion) variance (σ2 GS), and a within-region or -subregion σ2 GL. No σ2 GS was observed within the eastern or western regions, and genotypic correlations across subregions within regions approached 1.0. Significant σ2 GS was observed for eastern versus western Canada, but the correlation between genotypic effects across these regions was 0.83. In a selection experiment, subdivision of the eastern or western regions did not increase response. Selection in the east produced greater yields in both the east and west. The same genotype ranked first for yield in both regions. There was little specific adaptation to subregions, and two-row barley genotypes were broadly adapted across northern North America. Further subdivision of the regions is unwarranted, and selection in either region is likely to result in response in the other. The lack of local adaptation indicates that breeding programs that test broadly are likely to outperform ones that are narrowly targeted.
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Crop science 40 (2000), S. 7-12 
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: H ) and in the subregion (H i ), and of the genotypic correlation between region and subregion means (r G′ ). r G′ depends on the magnitude of the genotype × subregion interaction (σ2 GS) relative to the genotypic variance (σ2 G). σ2 GS is the portion of the genotype × location interaction (σ2 GL) caused by local adaptation, rather than by random site-to-site variability in genotype means. Subdivision can increase heritability through the addition of σ2 GS to the numerator of H i , but this may be offset by reduced replication across locations within the subregion. Modeling using variance estimates from several cereal programs indicated that, unless σ2 GL is large relative to σ2 G and at least 30% of σ2 GL is due to σ2 GS, subdivision is unlikely to increase response. These results help explain the success of breeding programs that test broadly.
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