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  • Springer  (154)
  • American Society of Hematology  (15)
  • Geological Society of Japan  (7)
  • 2005-2009  (105)
  • 2000-2004  (67)
  • 1925-1929  (4)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die Intensitätsänderung der Quecksilberlinien unter verschiedenen Entladungsbedingungen (1928)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 49 (1928), S. 259-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Eine Vergleichung der unter verschiedenen Bedingungen aufgenommenen Quecksilberspektrogramme ermöglicht qualitativ zu zeigen, daß die Ausbeute an Licht für jede einzelne Spektrallinie in großem Maße abhängig von der Voltgeschwindigkeit ist, und daraus zu entnehmen, daß die die maximale Ausbeute erzeugende Geschwindigkeit je nach der Quantenzahl n, l, s, j mehr oder weniger weit entfernt von der kritischen Spannung liegen müsse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01340481
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shoot structure and dynamics of saplings and canopies of three deciduous broad-leaved trees of a coppice forest in central Japan (2000)
    Springer
    Trees 14 (2000), S. 206-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0931-1890
    Keywords: Key words  Castanea crenata ; Carpinus laxiflora ; Quercus serrata. ; Shoot phenology ; Shoot elongation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  Three deciduous broad-leaved trees, Quercus serrata, Castanea crenata and Carpinus laxiflora, were the main constituents of a coppice forest in central Japan. The shoot elongation and leaf emergence modes of both saplings and the canopy of the three species were investigated. The shoot elongation modes of Q. serrata and C. crenata were the same in saplings and the upper layer of the canopy. The second shoots of these two species were formed after the first shoots were elongated. C. laxiflora was different between saplings and the upper layer of the canopy. In saplings, only the first shoots took a long time to elongate. In the upper canopy layer, higher order shoots were formed in the same way as in the other two species. In the lower layer of the canopy, all three species showed the same shoot elongation mode, in which only the first shoot and its duration of elongation was short. Leaf longevity, individual leaf area, leaf mass per unit leaf area and the stem mass per unit stem length of C. laxiflora were significantly shorter or significantly smaller than those of Q. serrata and C. crenata. The length of the stem per unit leaf area of C. laxiflora was three times that of Q. serrata and five times that of C. crenata. The elongation growth of C. laxiflora was highly efficient as it occurred with a small leaf area. The shoot dynamics and the shoot structure of C. laxiflora are more suitable for elongation growth than in Q. serrata and C. crenata. Furthermore, the shoot structures of the three species were compared and ecological characteristics of the three species are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00009764
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of 187 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among 41 candidate genes for ischemic heart disease in the Japanese population (2000)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 106 (2000), S. 288-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. To investigate whether common variants in the human genetic background are associated with pathogenesis of ischemic heart diseases, we systematically surveyed 41 possible candidate genes for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by directly sequencing 96 independent alleles at each locus, derived from 48 unrelated Japanese patients with myocardial infarction, including 25.8 kb 5' flanking regions, 56.8 kb exonic and 35.4 kb intronic sequences, and 1.8 kb 3' flanking regions. In this genomic DNA of nearly 120 kb, we identified 187 SNPs: 55 in 5' flanking regions, seven in 5' untranslated regions (UTRs), 52 in coding elements, 64 in introns, eight in 3' UTRs, and one in a 3' flanking region. Among the 52 coding SNPs, 26 were non-synonymous changes. Allelic frequencies of some of the polymorphisms were significantly different from those reported in European populations. For example, the Q506R substitution in the coagulation factor V gene, the so-called "Leiden mutation", has a reported frequency of 2.3% in Europeans, but we detected the Leiden mutation in none of the Japanese genomes that we investigated. The allelic frequencies of the –33A〉G SNP in the thrombomodulin gene were also very different; this allele occurred at a 12% frequency in the Japanese patients that we examined, although it had been detected in none of 82 Caucasians reported previously. These data support the hypothesis that some SNPs are specific to particular ethnic groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390000247
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resident macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide suppress muscle tension and initiate inflammatory response in the gastrointestinal muscle layer (2000)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 113 (2000), S. 73-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A great number of macrophages is found to be evenly distributed in the muscle layer of the gastrointestinal tract. We investigated their effects on smooth muscle contraction and the initiation of immune reactions such as inflammatory responses. Macrophages were demonstrated by the uptake of FITC-dextran and their ultrastructural features were elucidated by electron microscopy. Muscle layers of rats’ ileums were incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 4–8 h and the force of smooth muscle contraction was measured. The induction effect of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) on macrophages was then checked by immunohistochemistry. The expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II was also examined. Macrophages in the muscle layer were confirmed as resident macrophages and were different from a population of dendritic cells. After incubation with LPS, macrophages began to express iNOS and produced NO, and it reduced smooth muscle contraction. iNOS-immunopositive cells increased in a time-dependent manner. Macrophages also began to express MHC class II. The total number of macrophages did not alter after incubation. Results indicate that resident macrophages in the muscle layer induced iNOS as an inflammatory reaction, affected smooth muscle contraction, and initiated immune response in the smooth muscle layer of the gastrointestinal tract, when activated by LPS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004180050009
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electro-Optical Properties of Inorganic Oxide/Liquid Crystal Composite Film by the Sol-Gel Process (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 19 (2000), S. 349-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: electro-optical effect ; barium and titanium oxide ; ceramics composite liquid crystal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The Electro-optical properties of a composite ceramic/liquid crystal membrane, with the dispersed liquid crystals (LCs) in the high dielectric constant inorganic oxides, were investigated. The composite membranes having bicontinuous micron structure of matrices and LCs were made by the sol-gel process via the syntheses of multicomponent sols using tetra-n-butyltitanate, barium diethoxyethoxide, methyltriethoxsilane and polyethylene glycol (PEG) for phase separation. The switching behaviors of the composite films have been observed by applying AC voltages at 1 kHz. It was also confirmed that the driving voltage of the composite film depended on the composition of the inorganic oxide matrix. The composite films of high dielectric constant were driven at an electric field under 10 kV/cm, much less than that of existing PDLC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008710421685
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of endothelin A receptors in the rat pituitary TSH cells: light- and electron-microscopic immunohistochemical studies (2000)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 302 (2000), S. 85-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Endothelin receptor Immunohistochemistry Thyrotrophs Rat (AR ++/+sl; Wistar)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Endothelins modulate hormonal secretion in the pituitary gland. Intense signaling of endothelin A receptors (ETAR) has been detected by in situ hybridization, binding assay and receptor autoradiography. We used light- and electron-microscopic immunohistochemistry of ETAR with polyclonal antibody against a synthetic peptide corresponding to the carboxyl terminus (403–427) of human ETAR. Immunoreactivity was observed in 6–8% of anterior pituitary cells, which were rather large polygonal or stellate cells. These cells were often clustered. Double-staining immunofluorescence showed that the ETAR-positive cells immunoreacted with antibody against the β-subunit of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), but not adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) or lutenizing hormone β (LHβ). Pre- and postembedding electron-microscopic immunohistochemistry showed that ETAR-positive cells had vacuolated or parallel-lined rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) and numerous round granules in their periphery and the elongated processes. By pre-embedding immunohistochemistry, diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB) products were shown to be mostly located around the granules and occasionally underneath the plasma membrane. By postembedding immunohistochemistry, granules in the ETAR-positive cells were 90–150 nm in diameter, and colloidal gold particles due to ETAR were associated with about 10% of these granules. These results indicate that ETA receptors are associated mostly with the secretory granules of TSH cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004419900169
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Excellent oil absorbent kapok [Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.] fiber: fiber structure, chemical characteristics, and application (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of wood science 46 (2000), S. 401-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 1611-4663
    Keywords: Oil absorbent ; Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. ; Lignin ; Neutral sugar composition ; Acetyl group
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The study focused on kapok [Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.] fruit as a biomass for effective utilization. Kapok fruits were harvested just before full maturation at the campus of University of the Philippines Los Banos and in southern Vietnam. The kapok fibers are utilized locally as fiberfill in pillows, quilts, and some soft toys. Kapok fiber was isolated and analyzed microscopically, and the physicochemical properties were determined by spectroscopic methods. Some tests were done to determine the effective utilization of kapok fiber. Microscopic analysis of the higher structure of kapok fiber gave quite different results from cotton fiber, which has a significantly homogeneous hollow tube shape and is composed of cellulose (35 % dry fiber), xylan (22%), and lignin (21.5%). Kapok fiber is characterized by having a high level of acetyl groups (13.0%). Usually cell walls of plants contain about 1%–2% of acetyl groups attached to noncellulosic polysaccharides. Kapok fiber is significantly hydrophobic and does not get wet with water. Thus, the absorptivity of oil was tested. The fiber selectively absorbed significant amounts of oil (40 g/g of fiber) from an oil suspension in freshwater and seawater. It is suggested that this fiber could be used to recover oil spilled in seawater.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00776404
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An anticoagulant proteoglycan from the marine green alga, Codium pugniformis (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 12 (2000), S. 9-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: anticoagulant ; antithrombin ; Codium pugniformis ; proteoglycan ; sulfated polysaccharide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An anticoagulant isolated from the marine green alga Codium pugniformis was composed mainly of glucose with minor amounts of arabinose and galactose. It was highly sulfated (326 μg mg-1 polysaccharide) and contained protein(52 μg mg-1 polysaccharide) and was thus a proteoglycan. The anticoagulant properties of the purified proteoglycan were compared with those of heparin by studying the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT) and thrombin time(TT) using normal human plasma. The proteoglycan showed similar activities to heparin, but was weaker than heparin. On the other hand, the proteoglycan did not affect PT even at the concentration at which APTT and TT were prolonged. The anticoagulation mechanism of this proteoglycan was due to the direct inhibition of thrombin and the potentiation of antithrombin III.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008174115350
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aggressive Mimicry in the Intra-populational Color Variation of the Tanganyikan Scale-eater Perissodus microlepis (Cichlidae) (2000)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 59 (2000), S. 111-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Cyprichromis leptosoma ; Paracyprichromis nigripinnis ; exploitative mutualism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A color morph of the Tanganyikan scale-eater, Perissodus microlepis (Cichlidae), considered to be an example of aggressive mimicry, is reported from the rocky littoral area at the southern end of Lake Tanganyika, Zambia. The anal fin of the morph is yellow, instead of the usual dark or transparent, being closely similar to that of the gregarious cyprichrominine cichlids, Cyprichromis leptosoma species complex and Paracyprichromis nigripinnis, abundant in the area. The color morph of Perissodus microlepis was observed to mingle with and attack shoals of the prey. About 24% of P. microlepis observed in less than 15 m depth at Kasenga Point were the yellow-fin type. The color variation, which is likely associated with a variation in feeding mode within this population, probably evolved and has been maintained by the local community structure, which included abundant cyprichrominine fishes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007657419083
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental chemistry of rivers and lakes, part v: a comparative study of the chemical and physicochemical characteristics of organic carbon dissolved in river and lake waters (2000)
    Springer
    Limnology 1 (2000), S. 171-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-863X
    Keywords: Key words Dissolved organic carbon ; Ado River ; Lake Biwa ; Characterization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract To determine the chemical and physicochemical characteristics of dissolved organic carbon in the Ado River and the Yasu River, the main rivers flowing into Lake Biwa, the adsorption behavior onto hydrous iron oxide (HIO) and the reactivity to KMnO4 oxidant were investigated in parallel with measurement of the distribution profiles of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) along the rivers. In one year of observation at the mouths of the two rivers, DOC concentrations were found to vary in the Ado over the range 0.28–1.21 mg C l−1 and in the Yasu over the range 1.01–2.68 mg C l−1. Act-DOC, one of the fractions separated from the total DOC by its adsorption-active character onto HIO at pH 4, was thought primarily to control the variation of total DOC, as in Lake Biwa. The int-DOC, another fraction separated by its adsorption-inert or -inactive character onto HIO, remained at almost a steady value around 0.18 ± 0.07 mg C l−1 in the Ado, which was lower than that (0.35 ± 0.05 mg C l−1) in Lake Biwa. The act-DOC in river waters was reactive to KMnO4 oxidant, showing a linear relation with the amount of permanganate consumed for the reaction (chemical oxygen demand: COD). In river waters, the relation can be approximated by a straight line expressed as COD (mg O2 l−1) = 0.64 × act-DOC (mg C l−1) − 0.02. In contrast, in the lake water the relation was COD (mg O2 l−1) = 0.97 × act-DOC (mg C l−1) − 0.50.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s102010070003
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