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  • 2005-2009  (71)
  • 2000-2004  (42)
  • 1975-1979  (19)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 114 (2001), S. 4669-4684 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Combining molecular beam techniques and time-resolved infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (TR-IRAS) we have studied the kinetics of the CO oxidation reaction on an alumina-supported Pd model catalyst. The Pd particles are deposited by metal evaporation under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions onto a well-ordered alumina film, prepared on a NiAl(110) single crystal. Particle size, density and structure of the Pd deposits have been characterized in previous studies. In the low temperature region, transient and steady-state experiments have been performed over a wide range of CO and oxygen fluxes by crossing two effusive molecular beams on the sample surface. We determine the steady-state CO2 production rate as a function of the CO fraction in the impinging gas flux. Simultaneously, the occupation of CO adsorption sites under steady-state conditions is monitored by in situ IR spectroscopy. The origin of different types of CO2 transients is discussed. In particular we focus on the transient CO2 production after switching off the CO beam. For the model catalyst investigated, detailed reaction rate measurements in combination with time-resolved IRAS show that the origin of the particular transient behavior of the supported model system is not due to the presence of specific adsorption sites on small particles, as has been proposed previously. Instead, we show that the transient behavior can be semiquantitatively simulated on the basis of a simple kinetic model considering a homogeneous surface, and accounting for the inhibition of the dissociative adsorption of O2 at high CO coverage. Moreover, it is discussed how the inherent heterogeneity of the supported particle system can additionally enhance the observed effect. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Sodium cobaltate (NaxCoO2) has emerged as a material of exceptional scientific interest due to the potential for thermoelectric applications, and because the strong interplay between the magnetic and superconducting properties has led to close comparisons with the ...
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 31 (1975), S. 247-249 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der Titer von Ecdyson und Ecdysteron in Heuschrecken (Locusta migratoria) des V. Larvenstadiums wurde getrennt bestimmt. Ecdysteron herrscht zur Zeit des Titermaximums vor. Durch Injektion von radioaktivem Ecdyson wird gezeigt, dass dies durch ein Ansteigen der Steroid-20-Hydroxylase-Aktivität verursacht wird. Die Ausscheidung von Häutungshormonen mit dem Kot sorgt für das Sinken der Häutungshormon-Konzentration in den Tieren.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 18 (1975), S. 55-67 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les populations du Psylle Acizzia russellae présentent un déclin brusque en été qui coïncide avec l'élévation de la température. Ceci peut paraître surprenant chez une espèce qui est adaptée depuis longtemps à vivre en association avec une plante semi-désertique (Acacia karroo); aussi on a entrepris une étude de la résistance de cet insecte aux élévations de température en tenant compte du rôle de la plante-hôte. La survie des nymphes et des imagos isolés de la plante-hôte dépend d'une interaction entre le déficit de saturation et la température. Les Psylles survivent à des températures plus élevées lorsqu'ils sont sur leur plante-hôte; par ailleurs les “larves” du 5ème stade sont moins sensibles aux températures élevées que les 4 premiers stades larvaires, ces derniers étant eux-mêmes moins sensibles que les adultes. En utilisant des larves du dernier stade sur leur plante-hôte, soumises à des températures critiques, de 43° et 46° et en rapportant les variations de survie au déficit de saturation, on obtient une courbe en V inversée, le pourcentage de survie étant plus faible pour les valeurs les plus basses et pour les valeurs les plus élevées de déficit de saturation. Les conclusions qu'on peut tirer sont: 1) pour de faibles déficits de saturation, le refroidissement obtenu par évaporation, au niveau de la plante ou de l'insecte, est insuffisant pour ramener la température au-dessous de la température létale supérieure. 2) pour les valeurs moyennes du déficit de saturation, le refroidissement dû à l'évaporation évite d'atteindre ce seuil de la température létale, sans cependant entraîner une mortalité par perte d'eau trop élevée (la survie est maximum). 3) pour les hautes valeurs du déficit de saturation, la mortalité s'accroît précisément en conséquence de cette dessiccation des organismes, bien que le refroidissement par évaporation soit en principe plus efficace. La survie se révèle d'ailleurs meilleure sur des plantes abondamment irriguées que sur celles non irriguées, le pourcentage de survie des Psylles décroît brusquement lorsque la plante subit un besoin en eau accrue. Le refroidissement au niveau de la plante a été étudié à l'ombre, au soleil et sous une irradiation artificielle aux infra-rouges; ce refroidissement est en étroite corrélation avec le déficit de saturation, de sorte que le refroidissement maximum d'environ 7o est obtenu pour le déficit de saturation le plus élevé. Des expériences cherchant à établir le rôle de l'évaporation au niveau de l'insecte et sa part dans l'abaissement de la température, n'ont pas permis d'aboutir à des conclusions valables. Le relevé des populations naturelles du Psylle A. russellae, sur une période de 3 ans, montre une réduction estivale, semblable à celle connue chez d'autres Psyllides. Les résultats présentés ici soulignent l'importance de la plante-hôte dans l'action de la température sur le niveau des populations, les effets directs à court terme des températures élevées étant de peu d'importance sur la dynamique des populations de ce Psylle.
    Notes: Abstract The psyllid, Acizzia russellae, survived higher temperatures on the host plant (Acacia karroo) than off it and our results demonstrated an interaction between saturation deficit (S.D.) and temperature in causing death. With psyllids exposed to critically high temperatures on the plant a characteristic inverted “V” shaped survival curve, plotted against S.D., was realised, suggesting that (i) at low S.D.'s the insects were suffering heat death: evaporative cooling from the host plant, and perhaps the insects, failing to lower temperatures below the upper lethal limit; (ii) at moderate S.D.'s survival was greatly increased: evaporative cooling resulting in lowered body temperatures but without lethal desiccation; (iii) at high S.D.'s, in spite of more effective evaporative cooling, desiccation caused death. Significant evaporative cooling by the leaves of A. karroo was measured, but experiments designed to resolve the relative roles of evaporative cooling by the plant and the insect in reducing temperature-induced mortality were inconclusive. The influence of direct short-term temperature effects on the population fluctuations of the psyllid in the field is discussed.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Czechoslovak journal of physics 25 (1975), S. 854-858 
    ISSN: 1572-9486
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An alpha spectrometer based on a telescope consisting of two silicon semiconductor surface barrier detectors is described. The spectrometer has been used to study the α-particle energy spectra of an (n,α)-type reaction and ternary fission of uranium in an energy range 4–30 MeV with a resolution of 85 keV.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 32 (1976), S. 43-48 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The α1-antitrypsin phenotypes of two Dutch population groups (consisting of 672 and 802 individuals) were determined by the isoelectric focusing technique, which due to its recent development, has been used for the first time in large-scale phenotyping. As in other population studies on the α1-antitrypsin phenotype distribution, Pi M is the most frequently occurring allele. The two investigated groups exhibit remarkable differences, both to other studied groups as well as to each other. The most interesting results are probably the high frequencies of the alleles Pi- and of the recently discovered Pi MN. Comparison with phenotype studies carried out in other populations is also presented.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 34 (1976), S. 17-22 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A new variant of α1-antitrypsin has been detected with the aid of isoelectric fucosing on polyacrylamide slab gels. In contrast with many other variants this new α1-antitrypsin allele is found in 10–15% of the phenotypes examined. The electrophoretic properties of the new α1-antitrypsin variant in isofocusing polyacrylamide gels differ only silightly from the most common α1-antitrypsin allele M. On the basis of its electroforetic behaviour we propose the term MN to indicate this new protease inhibitor variant. The isofocusing technique employed, provides an easy to handle, very reproducible method for determining the α1-antitrypsin phenotype and can be employed for large scale screening.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The mechanism of action and the regulatory properties of glutamate dehydrogenase from pea seedlings (Pisum sativum, var. Späths Violetta) have been investigated by using a highly purified preparation of the enzyme. Kinetic experiments show that the binding of the coenzyme (NAD+ or NADH) and the substrate (L-glutamate or α-ketoglutarate) is sequential. The formation of a quarternary complex with ammonia as additional substrate is questionable, as can be seen from the kinetic data. The anions of the ammonia source have a strong rate-regulating effect on the NADH reaction. The adenosinphosphates AMP, ADP, and ATP exert an inhibiting effect on both the reductive amination and the oxidative deamination reaction. The former reaction is inhibited half as much as the latter. Dead end inhibition offers a sufficient explanation for this effect. The glutamate dehydrogenase from pea seedlings is not regulated by the energy charge. Zn2+ ions are strong inhibitors of the NADH-reaction; their inhibitory effect on the activity is indirect and can be reversed by addition of ATP. A reaction sequence is formulated.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Insect ; Hemocytes ; Capsules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sterile fragments of cellophane, cat-gut, cotton, or beef muscle implanted into the body cavity of Locusta migratoria and Melolontha melolontha are immediately surrounded by granular hemocytes which form a multi-layered capsule around each foreign body. The cytoplasm of the granular hemocytes of the outer zone of the capsule in both species shows an accumulation of fibrous material (microtubules and microfilaments). None of the implanted material appeared to be degraded.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 162 (1975), S. 343-348 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Insects ; Hemocytes ; Capsules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Of the three hemocyte types present in the blood of Calliphora, only one participates in capsule formation around implanted cellophane. This hemocyte, the thrombocytoid, shows in the blood a tendency to dissociate into numerous small cytoplasmic fragments, comparable to the mammalian megakaryocyte. This tendency is dramatically increased during the process of encapsulation. Most of the intact thrombocytoids and the numerous fragments participating in capsule formation do not show any particular modifications in their cytoplasm during this process, which corresponds to a mere sequestration of the implant. Dense material, resulting from necrotic cell debris and hemolymph lipoproteins, is often observed between the cellophane and encapsulating thrombocytoids, which apparently participate in the resorption of this material.
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