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  • Springer  (29)
  • 2005-2009  (6)
  • 2000-2004  (6)
  • 1980-1984  (15)
  • 1940-1944  (2)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rescue of SV40 following transfection of TC7 cells with cellular DNAs containing complete and partial SV40 genomes (1982)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 186 (1982), S. 78-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Infectious SV40 virions could be rescued from permissive TC7 cells within one to three subcultures following cotransfection with two cellular DNAs, each containing a complementary portion of the SV40 genome. SV40 virions could also be rescued by transfection of TC7 cells with cellular DNAs from a variety of SV40 transformed cells containing complete genome equivalents but not from cells containing subgenomes alone or defective genomes. Infectious virus was not rescued if the transfecting DNA species was treated with DNAase or if the DEAE-dextran pretreatment of the recipient cells was omitted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00422915
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation from proper time on Earth to coordinate time in solar system barycentric space-time frame of reference (1981)
    Springer
    Celestial mechanics and dynamical astronomy 23 (1981), S. 33-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9478
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In order to obtain accurate computed values of Earth-based range and Doppler observables of a beep space probe, an expression is required for the time differencet−τ, wheret is coordinate time in the solar system barycentric space-time frame of reference and τ is proper time recorded on a fixed atomic clock on earth. This paper is part 1 of a two-part article which obtains an expression fort−τ which is suitable for use in obtaining computed values of observations of a spacecraft or celestial body located anywhere in the solar system. The expression can also be used in the computation of Very Long Baseline Interferometry data types. Part 1 obtains an expression fort−τ which is a function of position and velocity vectors of the major celestial bodies of the solar system and the atomic clock on Earth which reads τ. In Part 2, this expression will be transformed to a function of time and the Earth-fixed coordinates of the atomic clock.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01228543
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation from proper time on Earth to coordinate time in solar system barycentric space-time frame of reference (1981)
    Springer
    Celestial mechanics and dynamical astronomy 23 (1981), S. 57-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9478
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In order to obtain accurate computed values of Earth-based range and Doppler observables of a deep space probe, an expression is required for the time differencet-τ, wheret is coordinate time in the solar system barycentric space-time frame of reference and τ is proper time recorded on a fixed atomic clock on Earth. This paper is Part 2 of a two-part article which obtains an expression fort-τ which is suitable for use in obtaining computed values of observations of a spacecraft or celestial body located anywhere in the solar system. The expression can also be used in the computation of Very Long Baseline Interferometry data types. Part 1 obtained an expression fort-τ which is a function of position and velocity vectors of the major celestial bodies of the solar system and the atomic clock on Earth which reads τ. In Part 2, this expression is transformed to a function of time and the Earth-fixed coordinates of the atomic clock.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01228544
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A rapid, reproducible method for processing human solid tumors for in vitro culture (1983)
    Springer
    Methods in cell science 8 (1983), S. 63-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0603
    Keywords: human tumors ; tissue culture methods ; stem cell assay ; calcium ; growth factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The described techniques permit rapid processing of solid human tumors. Resultant cell and tissue suspensions have high viability and can be readily propagated in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02099240
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Forage Quality and Production of Small Grains Interseeded into Bermudagrass Sod or Grown in Monoculture (2000)
    Springer
    Semigroup forum 92 (2000), S. 748-753 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2137
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] is productive in summer but dormant for much of the year in the central USA. The grazing season for bermudagrass can be lengthened with fall-interseeded small grains, which provide forage for early-season grazing. We compared forage yield and quality of rye (Secale cereale L., two cultivars), wheat (Triticum aestivum L., three cultivars), and barley (Hordeum vulgare L., one cultivar) when interseeded into bermudagrass sod or grown in monoculture. Field plots of each small grain were harvested two to four times each season and analyzed for in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and crude protein (CP). Cumulative forage production for early spring (growing degree days [GDD] 〈 1000) was greater (P 〈 0.05) for rye than for barley in all but one instance. Late spring (GDD 〉 1000) production of barley was usually greater than that of rye, but wheat cultivars were more balanced in seasonal production. Total forage production among small grains was often similar within each system, but the monoculture system had an almost threefold advantage. Although cultivars varied for IVDMD in the monoculture system, comparisons of digestible dry matter (DDM) were more consistent among harvests. Early DDM production of barley was usually lowest among the species, but as high or higher than other species for ryes. Concentrations of CP were variable, but relative CP production and yield had similar trends. In this study, rye was the best-suited species for interseeding in bermudagrass for early-season forage in grazing systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological and genetic variation in Japanese populations of the anemonefish Amphiprion clarkii (1982)
    Springer
    Marine biology 72 (1982), S. 99-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Geographic populations of the anemonefish Amphiprion clarkii (Bennett) from 6 widely separated locations off the coast of southern Japan are morphologically different, exhibiting (1) latitudinal clinal patterns in color pattern and meristics and (2) degrees of genetic differentiation. Electrophoretic examination of 7 polymorphic loci (95% level) among 6 populations collected between July 1979 and January 1980 revealed an average genetic distance value of 0.008. Significance was demonstrated for 39 out of 105 (37%) tests of heterogeneity. Averaged over the 6 populations, the percentage of polymorphic loci ( $$\bar P$$ 0.95) was 24.6% and the proportion of heterozygous loci per individual ( $$\bar H$$ ) was 0.0613. The results indicate that genetic clines are absent and suggest that the morphological variation may not be genetic. Relative isolation of genetic populations may be maintained by (1) localized larval dispersal resulting from a relatively short larval stage, and (2) current gyres tending to trap larvae, increasing the return of juveniles to their adult coastal habitat. Morphological clines may be due to clines in ecological parameters related to latitude.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00396909
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early sex change: A possible mating strategy ofCentropyge angelfishes (Pisces: Pomacanthidae) (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of ethology 2 (1984), S. 63-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-5444
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Although the presence of socially controlled sex change in pomacanthid fishes of the genusCentropyge has been known since 1978, it has always been assumed that such sex change occurred only after the death or disappearance of the dominant male in single male social groups. Between 1978 and 1983, we observed several incidences of sex change by ranking female angelfishes within their harems and in the presence of the dominant male in each such harem. This phenomenon was observed inCetropyge interruptus andCentropyge tibicen, and occurred frequently enough to suggest the possibility of early sex change as a normal reproductive strategy in these species. Possible advantages of early sex change are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02348208
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field resistance to Tomato spotted wilt virus in transgenic peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) expressing an antisense nucleocapsid gene sequence (2000)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 6 (2000), S. 227-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: antisense DNA ; co-transformation ; nucleocapsid gene ; pathogen-derived resistance ; somatic embryogenesis ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) lines transgenic for the antisense nucleocapsid (N) gene of a Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) strain isolated from peanut were generated by microprojectile-mediated transformation of repetitive somatic embryos of cultivars VC1 and AT120. The selectable marker (hygromycin resistance) and the N gene were on separate plasmids. A total of 207 VC1 and 120 AT120 hygromycin-resistant lines were produced. Of all the VC1 plants recovered 71% were cotransformed with the N gene (N+), but all plants were sterile. For AT120, 48 of the transgenic cell lines converted into plants. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening showed 15 of the lines were transgenic for the N gene (N+), and two of these lines were fertile. A field test was conducted in 1998 at Ashburn, GA, using seeds from each fertile line, along with segregated and non-transgenic controls. Plants from four randomly selected field plots were examined for symptoms and analyzed by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay and PCR at 10 and 14 weeks after planting. At 14 weeks, 76% of the N+ plants were symptomless, while 2% were severely symptomatic or dead. In contrast, only 42% of the plants lacking the N gene were symptomless and 50% were severely symptomatic or dead. Northern blot analysis of selected field-resistant plants detected transgene RNA, and the transcript level appeared undiminished after viral exposure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009649408157
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Courtship, spawning and inferred social organization of American angelfishes (Genera Pomacanthus, Holacanthus and Centropyge; pomacanthidae) (1983)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 9 (1983), S. 25-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Caribbean ; Hermaphroditism ; Lunar cycle ; Reproduction ; Sea of Cortez ; Sexual dimorphism ; Social behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis Courtship, spawning and social organization are described for six species of American angelfishes, with notes provided on three additional species. In all species discussed, as well as all those in the western Pacific for which data are available, spawning occurs daily, throughout all or most of the lunar cycle, and involves pairing only. Both permanent sexual dichromatism and temporary dichromatism during courtship and spawning occur sporadically in the family and do not yet clearly correlate with any specific social regime. Sexual size dimorphism (males larger than females) is manifest by the genera Centropyge, Genicanthus, Holacanthus, and possibly Pomacanthus. Although protogynous hermaphroditism is documented for some angelfishes, it may be premature to conclude this for all, given the highly variable nature of their grouping. Social organizations vary from apparent monogamy (Pomacanthus paru) to male-dominated harems (Holacanthus ciliaris, H. tricolor, Centropyge argi) and to apparently promiscuous explosive breeding assemblages (Pomacanthus arcuatus) and a lek-like system (Holacanthus passer). Variation within some species may be as extreme. This flexibility suggests that selective pressures may not be unidirectional over a species' entire range. Consequently, manifested characteristics may vary geographically or may be some compromise determined by the degree of population panmyxia and the number and fecundity of individuals in each selective regime.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00001056
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retention of phytoalexin regulation in legume callus cultures (1981)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 1 (1981), S. 255-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: phytoalexin ; tissue culture ; Medicago ; Canavalia ; Trifolium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Legume callus cultures were examined to assess whether regulation of phytoalexin biosynthetic pathways is retained in cultured tissues. Callus tissue cultures ofCanavalia ensiformis (jackbean),Medicago sativa (alfalfa), and nine species ofTrifolium (clover) were established (six clover species for the first time) and maintained on modified Gamborg's B5 medium. Phytoalexins educed in cultures incubated for 48 h with an abiotic elicitor (3.15 mM HgCl2) were detected by their antifungal activity and were purified by column chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. Following crystallization, phytoalexins were identified by ultraviolet and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. None of the treated cultures yielded the same complement of phytoalexins reported for fungal-inoculated leaves of the corresponding plants. Callus from all species exceptT. pratense yielded medicarpin, the only phytoalexin reported in treated leaves of all the corresponding plants. A second phytoalexin, maackiain, was found in treatedT. pratense andT. medium calli; maackiain has been reported in fungal-inoculated leaves of those plant species as well asT. hybridum. The phytoalexins sativan and vestitol were not found in treated callus tissues even though they were reported to be present in fungal-inoculated leaves of the same species. These results suggest that (a) the pathway for medicarpin biosynthesis is of central importance for this group of legumes, (b) some phytoalexin anabolic pathways contain metabolic blocks in cells of cultured tissue, and (c) the mechanism for regulating phytoalexin accumulation in tissues is not lost in culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02318922
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