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  • 2005-2009  (72)
  • 2000-2004  (55)
  • 1995-1999  (52)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2008-11-16
    Description: TLS due to the rapid lysis of tumor cells following initiation of chemotherapy can lead to the release of intracellular components into the extracellular space. Among these hyperuricemia might exceed the excretory capacity of the kidneys and lead to renal failure. Rasb is a recombinant urate oxidase given during the first 3–5 days of chemotherapy to effectively lower uric acid serum levels. Limited data suggest that a single prechemotherapy dose of rasb might be sufficiently efficacious and this single dose regimen is widely used to reduce treatment costs. We analyzed the clinical and economical data of all adults who received rasb for prophylaxis or treatment of TLS at a university hospital during a one year period. The goal was to describe treatment patterns and outcome outside of clinical trials and to verify whether patients with TLS can be treated cost-effectively. 38 patients (pts) received rasb, however 1/3 of the pts were treated off-label for other reasons then TLS. 24 pts (median age 66 yrs, 21 male) received rasb for malignancy-associated hyperuricemia and were eligible for further clinical and economical evaluation. 2/3 of these pts were treated for hematological malignancies (acute leukemia 6pts, lymphoma 8 pts) and 8 pts for solid tumors. Apart from hydration (mean volume 2 l per day; all pts), furosemide (mean dose 80 mg/day; all pts) and urinary alkalinization with sodium bicarbonate (pH 〉 7; 7 pts), 20 patients received a single 7,5 mg dose of rasb and 4 pts received multi dose. In 14 pts a tumor lysis was observed. 6 pts died, three fatalities were directly associated with TLS. Mortality was higher among pts with single dose rasb vs. multi dose rasb (30% vs. 0 %) and higher among patients with urinary alkalinization (71% vs. 5%). No anaphylaxis, hemolysis or methemoglobinemia was observed in this cohort. The mean duration of hospitalisation was 23 days, the mean treatment costs were 16.200 €. The costs exceeded the revenues based on diagnosis related groups for Germany (G-DRG) in 18 pts and resulted in a 7% funding gap. 107.000 € were spent for drugs for these patients, 10% of these for rasb. We conclude from this observational study that TLS is a menacing disease, resulted in a 12,5 % mortality and should therefore be cautiously monitored and treated, single dose rasb was associated with a higher mortality rate then multi dose, urinary alkalinization cannot be recommended when rasb is used, TLS leads to a 7 % underfunding in the respective G-DRGs, for TLS pts. the usage of rasb elevates the total drug expenses by 10%.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 404 (2000), S. 205-208 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Myoglobin, a small globular haem protein that binds gaseous ligands such as O2, CO and NO reversibly at the haem iron, serves as a model for studying structural and dynamic aspects of protein reactions. Time-resolved spectroscopic measurements after photodissociation of the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Keywords: Runge-Kutta methods ; abstract parabolic equations ; time-dependent problems ; error bounds ; optimal order of convergence ; variable stepsizes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We analyze the convergence properties of implicit Runge-Kutta methods for the time-discretization of linear nonautonomous parabolic problems. We work in an abstract Banach space setting that covers standard parabolic initial-boundary value problems with time-dependent smooth coefficients. The Runge-Kutta methods are only assumed to be A(θ)-stable, and variable stepsizes are allowed in the analysis. As the main result, we derive optimal convergence rates for Runge-Kutta discretizations of temporally smooth solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Numerische Mathematik 81 (1998), S. 53-84 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: Mathematics Subject Classification (1991):65M12, 65M15, 35B32, 58F14
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary. The long-time behaviour of numerical approximations to the solutions of a semilinear parabolic equation undergoing a Hopf bifurcation is studied in this paper. The framework includes reaction-diffusion and incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. It is shown that the phase portrait of a supercritical Hopf bifurcation is correctly represented by Runge-Kutta time discretization. In particular, the bifurcation point and the Hopf orbits are approximated with higher order. A basic tool in the analysis is the reduction of the dynamics to a two-dimensional center manifold. A large portion of the paper is therefore concerned with studying center manifolds of the discretization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 103-104 (Apr. 2005), p. 287-290 
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In the microelectronic industry using the damascene process, dendritic growth is observed on some parts of the circuits in critical conditions during the post-CMP cleaning step. To understand the electrochemical mechanism leading to this parasitic phenomenon copper behaviour in oxalic acid media was investigated by impedance measurement in both cathodic and anodic potential range and the dendritic growth conditions were studied.. Copper-oxalate complexes in the solution are taken into account
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Sudbury Structure ; Impact crater ; Multi-ring basin ; Penokean orogeny ; Rb/Sr Sm/Nd ; Rare earth elements
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The occurrence of shock metamorphic features substantiates an impact origin for the 1.85 Ga old Sudbury Structure, but this has not been universally accepted. Recent improvements in knowledge of large-scale impact processes, combined with new petrographic, geochemical, geophysical (LITHOPROBE) and structural data, allow the Sudbury Structure to be interpreted as a multi-ring impact structure. The structure consists of the following lithologies: Sudbury Breccia —dike breccias occurring up to 80 km from the Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC); Footwall rocks and Footwall Breccia — brecciated, shocked crater floor materials, in part thermally metamorphosed by the overlying SIC; Sublayer and Offset Dikes, Main Mass of the SIC and Basal Member of the Onaping Formation (OF) — geochemically heterogeneous coherent impact melt complex ranging from inclusion-rich basal unit through a dominantly inclusion-free to a capping inclusion-rich impact melt rock; Grey Member of OF — melt-rich impact breccia (suevite); Green Member of OF — thin layer of fall back ejecta; Black Member of OF — reworked and redeposited breccia material; Onwatin and Chelmsford Formations — post-impact sediments. Observational and analytical data support an integrated step-by-step impact model for the genesis of these units. Analysis of the present spatial distribution of various impact-related lithologies and shock metamorphic effects result in an estimated original rim-to-rim diameter of the final crater of 200 or even 280 km for the Sudbury Structure, prior to tectonic thrusting and deformation during the Penokean orogeny.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The visual computer 15 (1999), S. 330-340 
    ISSN: 1432-2315
    Keywords: Key words: Facial animation – Talking head – Animated characters – Nonverbal communication – Subjective tests – User evaluation – Interactive services
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: facial animation (FA) will be. We have undertaken experiments on 190 subjects in order to explore the benefits of FA. Part of the experiment was aimed at exploring the objective benefits, i.e., to see if FA can help users to perform certain tasks better. The other part of the experiment was aimed at subjective benefits. At the same time comparison of different FA techniques was undertaken. We present the experiment design and the results. The results show that FA aids users in understanding spoken text in noisy conditions; that it can effectively make waiting times more acceptable to the user; and that it makes services more attractive to the users, particularly when they compare directly the same service with or without the FA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0517
    Keywords: Key words PERM ; ICP-MS ; PTI-MS ; IDMS ; Uncertainty budget ; Certification ; Polyethylene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  The present paper describes the certification of the amount content of Cd, Cr and Pb in two different polyethylene materials within the third phase of the Polyethylene Elemental Reference Material (PERM) project. The analytical procedure to establish the reference values for Cd, Cr and Pb amount contents in these materials is based on isotope dilution mass spectrometry used as a primary method of measurement. Cd and Pb were measured with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and Cr with positive thermal ionization-mass spectrometry. The decomposition of the polymer matrix was carried out using a high pressure asher. Reference values for amount content, traceable to the SI-system, have been obtained for these three elements in both of the polyethylene samples of PERM. For each of the certified amount content values an uncertainty budget was calculated using the method of propagation of uncertainties according to ISO and EURACHEM guidelines. The measurement procedures, as well as the uncertainty calculations, are described for all three elements. In order to keep the whole certification process as transparent as possible, the preparations of various reagents and materials as well as the sample treatment and blending are described in detail. The mass spectrometry measurements and the data treatment are also explained carefully. The various sources of uncertainty present in the procedure are displayed in the uncertainty budgets. The obtained combined uncertainties for the amount content values were less than 2% relative (k=1) for all investigated elements. The amount contents were in the μmol/kg range, corresponding to mg/kg levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0517
    Keywords: Key words IMEP-9 ; ID-ICP-MS ; IDMS ; Uncertainty budget ; Certification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  The present paper describes the contribution of the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements to the certification of B, Cd, Mg, Pb, Rb, Sr, and U amount contents in a natural water sample, in round 9 of the International Measurement Evaluation Programme (IMEP-9). The analytical procedure to establish the reference values for B, Cd, Mg, Pb, Rb, Sr, and U amount contents was based on isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry used as a primary method of measurement. Applying this procedure reference values, traceable to the SI, were obtained for the natural water sample of IMEP-9. For each of the certified amount contents presented here a total uncertainty budget was calculated using the method of propagation of uncertainties according to ISO and EURACHEM guidelines. The measurement procedures, as well as the uncertainty calculations are described for all seven elements mentioned above. In order to keep the whole certification process transparent and so traceable, the preparations of various reagents and materials as well as the sample treatment and blending, the measurements themselves, and finally the data treatment are described in detail. Explanations focus on Pb as a representative example. The total uncertainties (relative) obtained were less than 2% for all investigated elements at amount contents in the pmol/kg up to the high μmol/kg range, corresponding to low μg/kg and mg/kg levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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