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  • 2010-2014  (225)
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  • 1
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    Genome-wide analysis of LXR{alpha} activation reveals new transcriptional networks in human atherosclerotic foam cells (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-02
    Description: Increased physiological levels of oxysterols are major risk factors for developing atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Lipid-loaded macrophages, termed foam cells, are important during the early development of atherosclerotic plaques. To pursue the hypothesis that ligand-based modulation of the nuclear receptor LXRα is crucial for cell homeostasis during atherosclerotic processes, we analysed genome-wide the action of LXRα in foam cells and macrophages. By integrating chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) and gene expression profile analyses, we generated a highly stringent set of 186 LXRα target genes. Treatment with the nanomolar-binding ligand T0901317 and subsequent auto-regulatory LXRα activation resulted in sequence-dependent sharpening of the genome-binding patterns of LXRα. LXRα-binding loci that correlated with differential gene expression revealed 32 novel target genes with potential beneficial effects, which in part explained the implications of disease-associated genetic variation data. These observations identified highly integrated LXRα ligand-dependent transcriptional networks, including the APOE/C1/C4/C2 -gene cluster, which contribute to the reversal of cholesterol efflux and the dampening of inflammation processes in foam cells to prevent atherogenesis.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Bispecific digoxigenin-binding antibodies for targeted payload delivery [Applied Biological Sciences] (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-18
    Description: Bispecific antibodies that bind cell-surface targets as well as digoxigenin (Dig) were generated for targeted payload delivery. Targeting moieties are IgGs that bind the tumor antigens Her2, IGF1R, CD22, or LeY. A Dig-binding single-chain Fv was attached in disulfide-stabilized form to C termini of CH3 domains of targeting antibodies. Bispecific molecules were expressed in mammalian cells and purified in the same manner as unmodified IgGs. They are stable without aggregation propensity and retain binding specificity/affinity to cell-surface antigens and Dig. Digoxigeninylated payloads were generated that retain full functionality and can be complexed to bispecific antibodies in a defined 2∶1 ratio. Payloads include small compounds (Dig-Cy5, Dig-Doxorubicin) and proteins (Dig-GFP). Complexed payloads are targeted by the bispecifics to cancer cells and because these complexes are stable in serum, they can be applied for targeted delivery. Because Dig bispecifics also effectively capture digoxigeninylated compounds under physiological conditions, separate administration of uncharged Dig bispecifics followed by application of Dig payload is sufficient to achieve antibody-mediated targeting in vitro and in vivo.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 3
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    Electrical detection of electron-spin-echo envelope modulations in thin-film silicon solar cells (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2011-11-15
    Description: Author(s): M. Fehr, J. Behrends, S. Haas, B. Rech, K. Lips, and A. Schnegg [Phys. Rev. B 84, 193202] Published Mon Nov 14, 2011
    Keywords: Semiconductors I: bulk
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 4
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    Driven dipole oscillations and the lowest-energy excitations of strongly interacting lattice bosons in a harmonic trap (2014)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2014-04-01
    Description: Author(s): K. He, J. Brown, S. Haas, and M. Rigol We show that the analysis of the time evolution of the occupation of site and momentum modes of harmonically trapped lattice hard-core bosons, under driven dipole oscillations, allows one to determine the energy of the lowest one-particle excitations of the system in equilibrium. The analytic soluti... [Phys. Rev. A 89, 033634] Published Mon Mar 31, 2014
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 5
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    Coherent control of non-Markovian photon-resonator dynamics (2014)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2014-08-26
    Description: Author(s): A. F. J. Levi, L. Campos Venuti, T. Albash, and S. Haas We study the unitary time evolution of photons interacting with a dielectric resonator using coherent control pulses. We show that non-Markovianity of transient photon dynamics in the resonator subsystem may be controlled to within a photon-resonator transit time. In general, appropriate use of cohe... [Phys. Rev. A 90, 022119] Published Mon Aug 25, 2014
    Keywords: Fundamental concepts
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 6
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    Phase diagram of electron-doped dichalcogenides (2014)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-02
    Description: Author(s): M. Rösner, S. Haas, and T. O. Wehling Using first-principle calculations, we examine the sequence of phases in electron-doped dichalcogenides, such as recently realized in field-gated MoS 2 . Upon increasing the electron-doping level, we observe a succession of semiconducting, metallic, superconducting, and charge density wave regimes, i.... [Phys. Rev. B 90, 245105] Published Mon Dec 01, 2014
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 7
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    Interaction of relativistic short proton bunches with space charge limited electron clouds (2014)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-04
    Description: Author(s): F. B. Petrov, O. Boine-Frankenheim, and O. S. Haas The electron cloud buildup and interaction with a train of relativistic, short proton bunches is studied using particle-in-cell codes. The simulation models describe the electron generation at the beam pipe wall as well as the wakefield behind the bunches. The study focuses on the space charge limit... [Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 17, 121001] Published Wed Dec 03, 2014
    Keywords: High-Energy Accelerators and Colliders
    Electronic ISSN: 1098-4402
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 8
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    Amides are excellent mimics of phosphate internucleoside linkages and are well tolerated in short interfering RNAs (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-06-03
    Description: RNA interference (RNAi) has become an important tool in functional genomics and has an intriguing therapeutic potential. However, the current design of short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) is not optimal for in vivo applications. Non-ionic phosphate backbone modifications may have the potential to improve the properties of siRNAs, but are little explored in RNAi technologies. Using X-ray crystallography and RNAi activity assays, the present study demonstrates that 3'-CH 2 -CO-NH-5' amides are excellent replacements for phosphodiester internucleoside linkages in RNA. The crystal structure shows that amide-modified RNA forms a typical A-form duplex. The amide carbonyl group points into the major groove and assumes an orientation that is similar to the P–OP2 bond in the phosphate linkage. Amide linkages are well hydrated by tandem waters linking the carbonyl group and adjacent phosphate oxygens. Amides are tolerated at internal positions of both the guide and passenger strand of siRNAs and may increase the silencing activity when placed near the 5'-end of the passenger strand. As a result, an siRNA containing eight amide linkages is more active than the unmodified control. The results suggest that RNAi may tolerate even more extensive amide modification, which may be useful for optimization of siRNAs for in vivo applications.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 9
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    Activity-dependent long-term depression of electrical synapses (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-25
    Description: Use-dependent forms of synaptic plasticity have been extensively characterized at chemical synapses, but a relationship between natural activity and strength at electrical synapses remains elusive. The thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN), a brain area rich in gap-junctional (electrical) synapses, regulates cortical attention to the sensory surround and participates in shifts between arousal states; plasticity of electrical synapses may be a key mechanism underlying these processes. We observed long-term depression resulting from coordinated burst firing in pairs of coupled TRN neurons. Changes in gap-junctional communication were asymmetrical, indicating that regulation of connectivity depends on the direction of use. Modification of electrical synapses resulting from activity in coupled neurons is likely to be a widespread and powerful mechanism for dynamic reorganization of electrically coupled neuronal networks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Haas, Julie S -- Zavala, Baltazar -- Landisman, Carole E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Oct 21;334(6054):389-93. doi: 10.1126/science.1207502.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Children's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard University, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. julie.haas@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22021860" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Electrical Synapses/*physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Intralaminar Thalamic Nuclei/cytology/*physiology ; *Long-Term Synaptic Depression ; Membrane Potentials ; Nerve Net/physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium/metabolism ; Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Bose glass and Mott glass of quasiparticles in a doped quantum magnet (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-09-22
    Description: The low-temperature states of bosonic fluids exhibit fundamental quantum effects at the macroscopic scale: the best-known examples are Bose-Einstein condensation and superfluidity, which have been tested experimentally in a variety of different systems. When bosons interact, disorder can destroy condensation, leading to a 'Bose glass'. This phase has been very elusive in experiments owing to the absence of any broken symmetry and to the simultaneous absence of a finite energy gap in the spectrum. Here we report the observation of a Bose glass of field-induced magnetic quasiparticles in a doped quantum magnet (bromine-doped dichloro-tetrakis-thiourea-nickel, DTN). The physics of DTN in a magnetic field is equivalent to that of a lattice gas of bosons in the grand canonical ensemble; bromine doping introduces disorder into the hopping and interaction strength of the bosons, leading to their localization into a Bose glass down to zero field, where it becomes an incompressible Mott glass. The transition from the Bose glass (corresponding to a gapless spin liquid) to the Bose-Einstein condensate (corresponding to a magnetically ordered phase) is marked by a universal exponent that governs the scaling of the critical temperature with the applied field, in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions. Our study represents a quantitative experimental account of the universal features of disordered bosons in the grand canonical ensemble.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yu, Rong -- Yin, Liang -- Sullivan, Neil S -- Xia, J S -- Huan, Chao -- Paduan-Filho, Armando -- Oliveira, Nei F Jr -- Haas, Stephan -- Steppke, Alexander -- Miclea, Corneliu F -- Weickert, Franziska -- Movshovich, Roman -- Mun, Eun-Deok -- Scott, Brian L -- Zapf, Vivien S -- Roscilde, Tommaso -- England -- Nature. 2012 Sep 20;489(7416):379-84. doi: 10.1038/nature11406.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22996552" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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