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  • Atlantic Ocean  (2)
  • Benthic foraminifera  (1)
  • 2010-2014  (3)
  • 1
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    American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2008. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Physical Oceanography 38 (2008): 2014-2037, doi:10.1175/2008JPO3895.1.
    Description: An inverse method is used to evaluate the information contained in sediment data for the Atlantic basin during the Last Glacial Maximum (defined here as the time interval 18–21 kyr before present). The data being considered are an updated compilation of the isotopic ratios 18O/16O (δ18O) and 13C/12C (δ13C) of fossil shells of benthic foraminifera (bottom-dwelling organisms). First, an estimate of the abyssal circulation in the modern Atlantic is obtained, which is consistent with (i) climatologies of temperature and salinity of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment, (ii) observational estimates of volume transport at specific locations, and (iii) the statements of a finite-difference geostrophic model. Second, estimates of water properties (δ18O of equilibrium calcite or δ18Oc and δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon or δ13CDIC) derived from sediment data are combined with this circulation estimate to test their consistency with the modern flow. It is found that more than approximately 80% of water property estimates (δ18Oc or δ13CDIC) are compatible with the modern flow given their uncertainties. The consistency of glacial δ13CDIC estimates with the modern flow could be rejected after two assumptions are made: (i) the uncertainty in these estimates is ±0.1‰ (this uncertainty includes errors in sediment core chronology and oceanic representativity of benthic δ13C, which alone appears better than this value on average); and (ii) δ13CDIC in the glacial deep Atlantic was dominated by a balance between water advection and organic C remineralization. Measurements of δ13C on benthic foraminifera are clearly useful, but the current uncertainties in the distribution and budget of δ13CDIC in the glacial Atlantic must be reduced to increase the power of the test.
    Description: Support for this work comes from the U.S. National Science Foundation.
    Keywords: Abyssal circulation ; Atlantic Ocean ; Paleoclimate
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2008. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 9 (2008): Q04009, doi:10.1029/2007GC001620.
    Description: An evaluation of C. pachyderma Mg/Ca using a new suite of warm water multicores from the Florida Straits shows that the slope of Mg/Ca with temperature is shallower than previously thought. Using secondary ionization mass spectrometry, we have documented that the distribution of magnesium within the polished walls of foraminiferal tests is Gaussian, suggesting that the Mg/Ca in these samples is not affected by the addition of a secondary high-magnesium calcite in the walls. The Mg/Ca within a typical C. pachyderma test varies by about ±20% (1σ/μ · 100), and the variability increases slightly in tests with higher Mg/Ca. The regression of C. pachyderma Mg/Ca with temperature has a slope of 0.13 ± 0.05 mmol mol−1 per °C, indistinguishable from the slope observed in inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry measurements from a different subset of the same multicores, but about one half the slope of previously published calibrations. The largest differences between the calibrations comes at the warm water end of the regression, where previously published C. pachyderma Mg/Ca values from Little Bahama Bank are at least 3 mmol mol−1 higher than observed in these new cores. The reasons for this difference are not fully known but are most likely related to diagenesis at Little Bahama Bank.
    Description: This research was supported by several grants from the National Science Foundation: OCE0096469 to W.B.C. for cruise support to collect the Florida Straits cores; ATM0502428 and OCE0550271 to W. B. C. for support to obtain the Mg/Ca data on the ion probe; and OCE0425522 and OCE0550150 to T. M. for the core top calibration study using ICP-MS.
    Keywords: Magnesium ; Benthic foraminifera ; Temperature ; Ion probe
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2010. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Paleoceanography 25 (2010): PA4101, doi:10.1029/2010PA001962.
    Description: Paleoceanographic studies using benthic foraminiferal Cd as a nutrient tracer have provided a robust means of reconstructing glacial Atlantic Ocean water mass geometry, but a paucity of data from the South Atlantic above 1200 m has limited investigation of Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) configuration and formation. A new Cd depth profile from Brazil margin sediments suggests that AAIW penetrated northward at 1100 m to at least 27°S in the glacial Atlantic. It exhibited substantially reduced δ13Cas values, confirming preliminary evidence that this AAIW was unique to the glacial Atlantic and that it formed differently than today, with less atmospheric contact.
    Keywords: Cadmium ; Last glacial maximum ; Atlantic Ocean ; AAIW
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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