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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring  (1)
  • 05. General::05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest::05.04.99. General or miscellaneous  (1)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
  • 2010-2014  (2)
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Year
  • 1
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    Unknown
    The 2011 Tohoku-Oki (Japan) tsunami inundation and liquefaction investigated through optical, thermal and SAR data (2012)
    IEEE / Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Incorporated
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We studied the disastrous effects of the tsunami triggered by the Mw 9.0 earthquake that occurred on 11 March 2011 offshore the Honshu island (Japan). The tsunami caused a huge amount of casualties and severe damage along most of the eastern coastline of the island. The dataset used is composed of images from ASTER (visible and thermal) and ENVISAT SAR sensors. The processing and the analysis of data from different sources were performed in order to obtain the tsunami inundation map of the Sendai coastal area, to analyze inland factors driving the tsunami inundation, and to detect the liquefaction effects in the Chiba bay area as well. The obtained inundation line, with a maximum value of about 6 km, has been jointly analyzed with DEM providing the run-up values, which are generally below 21 m in the ca. 60-km-long study area of Sendai. The analysis highlights that the coastal topography influences the inundation process: high-relief zones record the lowest inundation distances, while within the plain the waves entered inland for at least 4 km. We did not observe significant direct effects of the vegetation cover on the inland water penetration along the whole investigated area, nor of the different orientation of the coastline. Moreover, from SAR coherence and intensity correlation a wide area of subsidence is mapped at Chiba bay, which is reasonably related to strong ground shaking and pervasive liquefaction.
    Description: Published
    Description: 347-351
    Description: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: 2011 Japan tsunami ; wave inundation ; liquefaction ; SAR, Optical and Thermal data ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Multi-resolution spectral analysis of wildfire potassium emission signatures using laboratory, airborne and spaceborne remote sensing (2012)
    Elsevier Inc NY Journals
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: Thermal remote sensing studies of actively burning wildfires are usually based on the detection of Planckian energy emissions in the MIR (3–5 μm), LWIR (8–14 μm) and/or SWIR (1.0–2.5 μm) spectral regions. However, vegetation also contains a series of trace elements which present unique narrowband spectral emission lines in the visible and near infrared wavelength range when the biomass is heated to high temperatures during the process of flaming combustion. These spectral lines can be discriminated by detector systems that are less costly than the longer wavelength, actively cooled instruments more typically used in EO-based active fire studies. The main trace element resulting in the appearance of spectral emission lines appears to be potassium (K), with features at 766.5 nm and 769.9 nm. Here we study K-emission line spectral signature in laboratory scale fires using a field spectrometer, at a series of moderately-sized woodland and shrubland fires using airborne imagery from a new compact hyperspectral imager (HYPER–SIM.GA) operating at a relatively fine spectral sampling interval (1.2 nm), and at large open wildfires using the EO-1 satellite's Hyperion sensor. We derive a metric based on band differencing of the spectral signal both close to and outside of the K-line region in order to quantify the magnitude of the K-emission signature, and find that variations in this metric appear to track quite well with the commonly used measures of fire radiometric temperature and fire radiative power (FRP). We find that substantial flaming activity is required to generate a potassium emission signature, but that once present this can be detected using airborne remote sensing even through a substantial smoke layer that apparently obscures fire across the remainder of the VIS spectral range. Being specific to flaming combustion, detection of the K-emission line signature could prove useful in refining estimates of the gases released in open wildfires, since trace gas emission factors can vary substantially between flaming and smouldering stages. Finally, we demonstrate the first identification of the K-emission line signature from space using the EO-1 Hyperion instrument, but find it detectable only in certain instances. We conclude that a finer spectral and spatial resolution than that offered by Hyperion is required for improved detection performance. Nevertheless, our results point to the potential effectiveness of airborne and spaceborne K-emission signature detection as a complement to the more common thermal remote sensing approaches to wildfire detection and analysis. Sensors targeting this application should consider careful placement of the measurement wavelengths around the location of the K-line wavelengths, in part to minimise influences from the nearby oxygen A-band features.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1811–1823
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Potassium emission ; 05. General::05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest::05.04.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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