Publication Date:
2017-04-04
Description:
Permanent Scatterers Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (PSInSAR) and Global Position System (GPS)
are applied to investigate the most recent surface deformation of the Campi Flegrei caldera. The PSInSAR
analysis, based on SAR data acquired by ERS-1/2 sensors during the 1992–2001 time interval and by the
Radarsat sensor during 2003–2007, identifies displacement patterns over wide areas with high spatial
resolution. GPS data acquired by the Neapolitan Volcanic Continuous GPS network provide detailed ground
velocity information of specific sites. The satellite-derived data allow us to characterize the deformation
pattern that affected the Campi Flegrei caldera during two recent subsidence (1992–1999) and uplift (2005–
2006) phases. PSInSAR results show the re-activation of the caldera ring-faults, intra-caldera faults, and
eruptive fissures. We discuss the results in the light of the available volcanological, structural and
geophysical data and propose a relationship between the structures activated during the recent unrest
episodes and those responsible for the recent (b3.8–4 ka) volcanism. The combined interpretation of the
collected data show that (a) the caldera consists of two sectors separated by a N–S striking faulting zone and
(b) the intra-caldera NW–SE faults and eruptive fissures in the central-eastern sector re-activated during the
studied unrest episodes and represent possible pathways for the ascent of magma and/or gas to the surface.
In this sector, maximum horizontal strain, recent volcanism (3.8–4 ka), active degassing and seismicity
concentrate. The fault re-activation is related to the dynamics of the caldera and not to tectonic stress. The
deformation fields of the uplift and subsidence episodes are consistent with hydrothermal processes and
degassing from a magmatic reservoir that is significantly smaller than the large (∼40 km3) magma chamber
responsible for the caldera formation. We provide evidence that the monitoring of the horizontal and vertical
components of deformation improves the identification of active, aseismic faults. Accordingly, we suggest
that future ground deformation models should include the re-activation of the detected structures.
Description:
This
study has been supported by the TELLUS project (Telerilevamento Laboratori Unità di Supporto), which has been developed in the
framework of the PODIS project (Progetto Operativo Difesa Suolo) of the Ministero dell'Ambiente e per la Tutela del Territorio e del Mare,and has been funded by the European Union QCS 2000–2006 PONATAS,
by INGV-Osservatorio Vesuviano, and by 'Creep' IYPE-UNESCO project.
Description:
Published
Description:
2373-2383
Description:
1.3. TTC - Sorveglianza geodetica delle aree vulcaniche attive
Description:
5.5. TTC - Sistema Informativo Territoriale
Description:
JCR Journal
Description:
restricted
Keywords:
PSInSAR
;
Fault re-activation
;
Campi Flegrei
;
Caldera
;
04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
;
04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.06. Measurements and monitoring
;
04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy
;
04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.09. Instruments and techniques
;
04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
;
04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
Repository Name:
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
Type:
article
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