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  • Oxford University Press  (31)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • 2010-2014  (30)
  • 1970-1974  (8)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 7 (1971), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 9 (1973), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: Historically, the main objective of water resources development has been economic efficiency, and the technique for its evaluation has been benefit-cost analysis. Gradually other objectives have emerged, and these in order of their emergence are regional income redistribution, environmental quality and social well-being. These multi-objectives have given rise to multifarious problems, and have made the planning process much more complex than ever before. The different objectives are not mutually exclusive, and, hence, contributions to one can only be made at the expense of others. Trade-off studies between different objectives are difficult to make. It is suggested that one way to overcome this difficulty could be to design a system to perform optimally in terms of one objective, subject to a specified level of performance of the other, which in effect becomes a constraint. The paper also discusses the pros and cons of the desirability of public participation in our decision-making processes, and the necessity of developing social sciences models to aid water planning and management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 28 (1973), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The seeds of loblolly pine (Pirns taeda L.) were cold-stratified for 0, 14, 28, 42, and 56 days. Endogenous growth regulators were extracted from these seeds, and also from the germinating and the 28-day warm stratified seeds. Partially purified extracts were separated on chromatographic paper. The chromatograms were cut into 10 equal segments, and these were tested for biological activity using three different btoassays.The results indicated that the unstratified seeds and those stratified up to a period of 28 days contained very little or no growth promoter (GA-like substances), and a relatively high concentration of an inhibitor (presumably abscisic acid), Following 42-day stratification, the promoter concentration gradually increased while the inhibitor level fell almost to zero. A high level of promoter but no inhibitor was detected in germinating seeds.No auxin-like activity was noted in the unstratified seeds. This activity slowly increased up to a period of 28 days and remained at this level for the subsequent stratification periods. However, the activity greatly increased in the germinating seeds.Very little changes in the levels of growth regulators were noted in warm-stratified seeds as compared to the unstrati-fied controls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 23 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Seeds of yellow foxtail, johnsongrass, pigweed and quackgrass were investigated to determine the effects of certain herbicides on water uptake by these species. Seeds of johnsongrass showed slight increase in water uptake over the 20-h period when treated with 1, 5, 10, and 500 mg/1 of 2,4-D. Tordon caused a most pronounced increase in water uptake at 0.1 and 1 mg/l as compared with the controls. Johnsongrass gave indications of either increases or decreases in water uptake when treated with herbicides during the 20-h period, but showed no effects during the 10-h period. Dormant seeds of yellow foxtail indicated an enhancement in water uptake at all 2,4-D concentrations during the 20 h period. The effects which the different herbicides had upon the uptake of water in yellow foxtail seeds seemed to be directly proportional to increase in imbibition time. In all cases, more water was imbibed after 20 h over that observed at 10 h. During the 10-h imbibition period, pigweed seeds treated with 2,4-D was noted to have a slight stimulating effect on water uptake at all concentrations employed except 5 mg/l, which indicated a depressing effect. It was also observed that 2,4-D caused a significant stimulating effect on water uptake of pigweed seeds over the 20-h period as compared with the controls. A stimulation in the total quantity of water imbibed after 20 h was noted at dacthal concentrations below 100 mg/l whereas at the 500 mg/l, a slight depression in water imbibition was observed. At dalapon concentrations of 1 to 100 mg/l, a marked stimulation in total water imbibed by quackgrass seeds was shown during the 10-h period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 27 (1972), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effects of 4 chemicals on the germination promotion of stratified and unstratified seeds of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) and baldcypress (Taxodium distichum) were studied. The chemicals used were gibberellic acid, kinetin, potassium nitrate and thiourea, each at 3 different concentrations.Stratification promoted the germination of both seed species. Certain concentrations of gibberellic acid, potassium nitrate and thiourea improved the germination of unstratified loblolly pine and baldcypress seeds while kinetin had no stimulatory effect.All 4 chemicals at specific concentrations promoted the germination of loblolly pine seeds stratified for a short period of time. Considering both speed and completeness of germination, best results were obtained when 21-day stratified seeds were treated with either gibberellic acid (100 mg/1) or kinetin (10 mg/1). In baldcypress, on the other hand, none of these chemicals had any stimulatory effect on the germination of stratified seeds. Germination of both species of seeds was either partially or completely inhibited by the highest concentration of thiourea (30,000 mg/1) used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 8 (1972), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 7 (1971), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: Decisions to develop water resources systems so far have been primarily taken on the basis of engineering and economic feasibilities. Very rarely, if ever, sociological feasibility has been considered, except in a very broad sense. Planning is for the people, and it should improve the quality of life. Hence, it is argued that water resources decisions ought to be primarily social ones, and that the success or failure of any resource development should not only be judged by its techno-economic excellence but also by its impact on people.Water resources planning process is discussed, and the difficulties associated with the evaluation of sociological feasibility of projects are enumerated. The social consequences of water development projects are traced through planning, construction, operation and management impacts. Finally, it is suggested that the foremost factor in the success of any water management program is the public understanding and acceptance of that program.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2012-04-13
    Description: Aims In recent years, coastal mangroves have been frequently affected by large disturbances (cyclones, hurricanes, flooding and tsunamis) and post-disturbance vegetation is often dominated by small stature mangrove, mangrove-associate and non-mangrove species potentially affecting ecosystem functioning. Knowledge on the processes of mangrove vegetation development and recovery (succession) following normal and large disturbances will benefit practitioners in designing robust ecosystem management/restoration plans. Here we propose a conceptual model of disturbance-mediated succession in mangroves. Methods Based on field observations and species’ life history traits, we develop conceptual models of mangrove succession under normal disturbance regime and recently experienced increased frequency of large disturbances. We evaluate our conceptual models by conducting a scenario testing experiment. Important Findings We suggest two predominant processes affecting mangrove succession after disturbance: propagule limitation due to damage of seed producing mature trees and dispersal barrier resulting from biological invasion associated with large disturbance. We argue that large disturbances affect mature trees more than the small-stature non-tree (shrubs, herbs and climbers) species creating a larger propagule shortage for mangrove tree species than non-tree species. Secondly, large disturbances facilitate invasion of free-floating aquatics, which may interfere with the flow-facilitated propagule dispersal and seedling establishment of mangrove species. In a scenario testing experiment, we have shown that similar levels of disturbance impact vegetation development and recovery differently depending on the presence or absence of invasive species. We conclude that since biological invasion is one of the major drivers of post-disturbance mangrove succession, the dimension of biological invasion should be included in prediction, management and restoration of mangrove forests.
    Print ISSN: 1752-993X
    Electronic ISSN: 1752-9921
    Topics: Biology
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2012-08-28
    Description: Single-nucleotide substitutions and small in-frame insertions or deletions identified in human breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 are frequently classified as variants of unknown clinical significance (VUS) due to the availability of very limited information about their functional consequences. Such variants can most reliably be classified as pathogenic or non-pathogenic based on the data of their co-segregation with breast cancer in affected families and/or their co-occurrence with a pathogenic mutation. Biological assays that examine the effect of variants on protein function can provide important information that can be used in conjunction with available familial data to determine the pathogenicity of VUS. In this report, we have used a previously described mouse embryonic stem (mES) cell-based functional assay to characterize eight BRCA2 VUS that affect highly conserved amino acid residues and map to the N-terminal PALB2-binding or the C-terminal DNA-binding domains. For several of these variants, very limited co-segregation information is available, making it difficult to determine their pathogenicity. Based on their ability to rescue the lethality of Brca2- deficient mES cells and their effect on sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents, homologous recombination and genomic integrity, we have classified these variants as pathogenic or non-pathogenic. In addition, we have used homology-based modeling as a predictive tool to assess the effect of some of these variants on the structural integrity of the C-terminal DNA-binding domain and also generated a knock-in mouse model to analyze the physiological significance of a residue reported to be essential for the interaction of BRCA2 with meiosis-specific recombinase, DMC1.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2083
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2014-03-20
    Description: Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) comprises ~13 genetically distinct lysosomal disorders primarily affecting the central nervous system. Here we report successful reprograming of patient fibroblasts into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for the two most common NCL subtypes: classic late-infantile NCL, caused by TPP1(CLN2) mutation, and juvenile NCL, caused by CLN3 mutation. CLN2/TPP1- and CLN3-iPSCs displayed overlapping but distinct biochemical and morphological abnormalities within the endosomal–lysosomal system. In neuronal derivatives, further abnormalities were observed in mitochondria, Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum. While lysosomal storage was undetectable in iPSCs, progressive disease subtype-specific storage material was evident upon neural differentiation and was rescued by reintroducing the non-mutated NCL proteins. In proof-of-concept studies, we further documented differential effects of potential small molecule TPP1 activity inducers. Fenofibrate and gemfibrozil, previously reported to induce TPP1 activity in control cells, failed to increase TPP1 activity in patient iPSC-derived neural progenitor cells. Conversely, nonsense suppression by PTC124 resulted in both an increase of TPP1 activity and attenuation of neuropathology in patient iPSC-derived neural progenitor cells. This study therefore documents the high value of this powerful new set of tools for improved drug screening and for investigating early mechanisms driving NCL pathogenesis.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2083
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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