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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 8 (1977), S. 89-100 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: On some recent crack initiation life prediction procedures for cyclic loaded members based on local material behaviourA critical review of some recently suggested procedures is given. Distinction is made between the procedure according to the basic scheme and the modified procedures. The first one is based on three fundamentals - Load-Notch Strain Relation, - Stress-Strain Law of the Material, - Damage and Failure of the Material. The modified procedures additionally take into account the cyclic behavior of the member. The modified procedures additionally take into account the cyclic behavior of the member. The three fundamentals are described, especially the two latter concerning material behavior. The transferability of this behavior as investigated by means of smooth specimens to that of the notch root element is discussed briefly. The various procedures are explained and the quality of their modifications is reviewed. Finally possible improvements of the three fundamentals and of the transferability are pointed out. Modifications should only be made within those fundamentals, where results of the calculation according to the basic scheme deviate from experimental results. In order to find the deviations, each fundamental must be checked separately.
    Notes: Es wird ein kritischer Überblick über die derzeit bekannten neueren Berechnungsverfahren gegeben. Unterschieden wird zwischen dem Verfahren nach dem Grundschema und den modifizierten Verfahren. Das erstere arbeitet auf der Grundlage der drei Bausteine - „Gesetzmäßigkeit für den Zusammenhang zwischen äußerer Belastung und Kerbgrundbeanspruchung“, - „zyklisches Spannungs- Dehnungsverhalten des Werkstoffes“ und - „Schädigung und Versagen des Werkstoffes“. Die modifizierten Verfahren verwenden zusätzlich Kenntnisse über das zyklische Bauteilverhalten. Zunächst werden die drei Bausteine, insbesondere die beiden letzten, die das Werkstoffverhalten betreffen, eingehend beschrieben. Danach wird die Frage nach der Übertragbarkeit des an glatten Proben ermittelten Werkstoffverhaltens auf das Verhalten des Kerbgrundelementes erörtert. Die Berechnungsverfahren werden erläutert und bewertet. Zum Abschluß werden Verbesserungsmöglichkeiten aufgezeigt, die die drei Bausteine sowie die Übertragbarkeit betreffen. Es wird gefordert, daß bei den modifizierten Verfahren die Modifikationen nur in den Bausteinen vorgenommen werden, in denen bei der Rechnung nach dem Grundschema Fehler entstehen. Der Nachweis solcher Fehler muß durch die Überprüfung der einzelnen Bausteine erbracht werden.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 721-740 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of Substance P and of Acylated Partial SequencesSubstance P undecapeptide has been synthesized by the stepwise procedure and via condensation of the fragments 1-4 and 5-11. Formation of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid- and S-tert. butyl peptides was observed. Gln(Mbh)-containing sequences have been synthesized but were not useful for fragment condensation due to there low solubility. Additionally, some derivatives have been prepared by acylation of the C-terminal pentapeptide. Reaction with trifluoracetic acid anhydride resulted in the formation of substituted 5-amino-oxazole derivatives as detected by mass spectrometric investigation.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 15 (1977), S. 983-989 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new solvent system comprising a mixture of nitrobenzene and tetrachloroethane has been developed for determining the molecular size distribution of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) by gel-permeation chromatography (GPC). Unlike hot m-cresol, which until now has been the standard GPC solvent for PET, the nitrobenzene-tetrachloroethane mixture can be used at room temperature and thus minimizes polymer degradation and distribution equilibration. Results with this new system reveal reproducibly discernible differences between PET samples prepared by melt and solid-state polymerization, differences not previously noted in GPC reports based on the use of m-cresol.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 320 (1978), S. 261-269 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of Halogenacetyl- and Chlorambucil Substituted Peptides of Eledoisin, Physalaemin and Substance P for Affinity LabelingPartial sequences of eledoisin have been synthesized in a stepwise manner using Boc-aminoacid-2,4,5-trichlorophenyl esters. These sequences and partial sequences of physalaemin and substance P were acylated via trichloro  -  or pentachlorophenyl esters and mixed anhydrides of bromo  -  and iodoacetic acid. Two eledoisin sequences have been prepared which bear a chlorambucil group. A irreversible binding of these potential affinity labels to the isolated guinea pig ileum was not observed.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2010-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2013-02-26
    Print ISSN: 0022-2461
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-4803
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2012-12-04
    Description: X-ray diffraction patterns of oriented mounts of clay minerals are often used in clay mineralogy for qualitative and quantitative purposes. Fequently occurring stacking defects, in particular, can be characterized by this technique. Modeling of these diffraction profiles has become an important tool in obtaining structural information about the nature of stacking order. Manual matching of calculated and observed patterns is time consuming and user dependent. Automatic refinement procedures are, therefore, desirable. An improved approach for the treatment of disordered layer structures within a Rietveld refinement is presented here. The recursive calculation of structure factors, similar to that of the simulation program DIFFaX , was introduced in the Rietveld code BGMN . Complete implementation is formulated within the interpreter language of the Rietveld code and is transparent as well as flexible. Such a method has opened the application of Rietveld refinement to patterns of oriented mounts where only basal reflections of stacking disordered structures were recorded. The DIFFaX code was used to simulate basal reflections of illite-smectite mixed layers (I-S) with different ratios of illitic and smectitic layers and with different degrees of long-range ordering (Reichweite). Rietveld refinements with these simulated patterns were used to evaluate the application of this new approach. Several I-S with different degrees of ordering were also chosen as tests for the refinement of basal reflections. The samples were prepared as standard air-dried and ethylene glycol-solvated, oriented specimens. Realistic structural parameters were obtained for the composition and ordering of the I-S.
    Print ISSN: 0009-8604
    Electronic ISSN: 1552-8367
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Clay Minerals Society
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2012-12-04
    Description: X-ray diffraction (XRD) of powdered materials is one of the most common methods used for structural characterization as well as for the quantification of mineral contents in mixtures. The application of the Rietveld method for that purpose requires structure models for each phase. The recursive calculation of structure factors was applied here to the Rietveld refinement of XRD powder patterns of illite-smectite (I-S) minerals. This approach allowed implementation of stacking disorder in structural models. Models for disordered stacking of cis -vacant and trans -vacant dioctahedral 2:1 layers as well as rotational disorder were combined with models for mixed layering of illitic and smectitic layers. The DIFFaX code was used to simulate non-basal ( hk ) reflections of illites with different degrees of disorder. Rietveld refinements of these simulated patterns were used to evaluate the application of this new approach. A model describing rotational disorder ( n ·120° and n ·60° rotations) and mixed layering of cis -vacant and trans -vacant dioctahedral layers was tested. Different starting parameters led to identical results within the ranges of standard deviations and confirmed the stability of the automatic refinement procedure. The influence on the refinement result of an incorrect choice of fixed parameters was demonstrated. The hk model was combined with models describing the basal reflections of disordered I-S and tested on measured data. A glauconitic mineral (Urkut, Hungary), an ordered I-S (ISCz-1, a special clay in the Source Clays Repository of The Clay Minerals Society), and a dioctahedral I-S (F4, Füzérradvány, Hungary) were used as test substances. Parameters describing the mixed layering of illitic and smectitic layers were compared with the results from refinements of oriented mounts and showed good agreement. A pattern of a physical mixture of an I-S mineral and a turbostratically disordered smectite was analyzed in order to test the new approach for application in quantitative phase analysis. The quantitative Rietveld phase analysis results were found to be satisfactory.
    Print ISSN: 0009-8604
    Electronic ISSN: 1552-8367
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Clay Minerals Society
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2012-12-15
    Description: Author(s): A. F. Kravets, A. N. Timoshevskii, B. Z. Yanchitsky, M. A. Bergmann, J. Buhler, S. Andersson, and V. Korenivski We investigate interlayer exchange coupling based on driving a strong/weak/strong ferromagnetic trilayer through the Curie point of the weakly ferromagnetic spacer, with exchange coupling between the strongly ferromagnetic outer layers that can be switched on and off, or varied continuously in magni... [Phys. Rev. B 86, 214413] Published Fri Dec 14, 2012
    Keywords: Magnetism
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2012-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0167-577X
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-4979
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Elsevier
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