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Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) Efforts and Observations at the Rocknest Eolian Sand Shadow in Curiosity's Gale Crater Field Site (2013)

Kennedy, M. R. ; Hamilton, V. E. ; Jensen, E. H. ; [weitere]

In: CASI

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13

Beschreibung: The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission is focused on assessing the past or present habitability of Mars, through interrogation of environment and environmental records at the Curiosity rover field site in Gale crater. The MSL team has two methods available to collect, process and deliver samples to onboard analytical laboratories, the Chemistry and Mineralogy instrument (CheMin) and the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument suite. One approach obtains samples by drilling into a rock, the other uses a scoop to collect loose regolith fines. Scooping was planned to be first method performed on Mars because materials could be readily scooped multiple times and used to remove any remaining, minute terrestrial contaminants from the sample processing system, the Collection and Handling for In-Situ Martian Rock Analysis (CHIMRA). Because of this cleaning effort, the ideal first material to be scooped would consist of fine to very fine sand, like the interior of the Serpent Dune studied by the Mars Exploration Rover (MER) Spirit team in 2004 [1]. The MSL team selected a linear eolian deposit in the lee of a group of cobbles they named Rocknest (Fig. 1) as likely to be similar to Serpent Dune. Following the definitions in Chapter 13 of Bagnold [2], the deposit is termed a sand shadow. The scooping campaign occurred over approximately 6 weeks in October and November 2012. To support these activities, the Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) acquired images for engineering support/assessment and scientific inquiry.

Schlagwort(e): Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration

Materialart: JSC-CN-27937 , Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 18, 2013 - Mar 22, 2013; The Woodlands, TX; United States

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Curiosity's Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI): Inital Observations and Activities (2013)

Bean, K. M. ; Kennedy, M. R. ; Deen, R. G. ; [weitere]

In: Other Sources

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13

Beschreibung: MAHLI (Mars Hand Lens Imager) is a 2-megapixel focusable macro lens color camera on the turret on Curiosity's robotic arm. The investigation centers on stratigraphy, grain-scale texture, structure, mineralogy, and morphology of geologic materials at Curiosity's Gale robotic field site. MAHLI acquires focused images at working distances of 2.1 cm to infinity; for reference, at 2.1 cm the scale is 14 microns/pixel; at 6.9 cm it is 31 microns/pixel, like the Spirit and Opportunity Microscopic Imager (MI) cameras.

Schlagwort(e): Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration

Materialart: Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (LPSC 2013); Mar 18, 2013 - Mar 22, 2013; The Woodlands, TX; United States

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APXS of First Rocks Encountered by Curiosity in Gale Crater: Geochemical Diversity and Volatile Element (K and ZN) Enrichment (2013)

Lewis, K. W. ; Ming, D. W. ; Thompson, L. ; [weitere]

In: CASI

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13

Beschreibung: The Alpha Particle X-ray spectrometer (APXS) on the Curiosity rover in Gale Crater [1] is the 4th such instrument to have landed on Mars [2]. Along the rover's traverse down-section toward Glenelg (through sol 102), the APXS has examined four rocks and one soil [3]. Gale rocks are geochemically diverse and expand the range of Martian rock compositions to include high volatile and alkali contents (up to 3.0 wt% K2O) with high Fe and Mn (up to 29.2% FeO*).

Schlagwort(e): Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration

Materialart: JSC-CN-27938 , Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 18, 2013 - Mar 22, 2013; TheWoodlands, TX; United States

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4

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The radiation history of material returned by the Soviet automatic stations Luna 16 and Luna 20, according to track studies (1977)

Kashkarov, L. L. ; Genayeva, L. I. ; Lavrukhina, A. K.

In: CASI

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Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07

Beschreibung: Fission tracks formed by the vH (very heavy) nuclei group of solar and galactic cosmic rays have been studied in silicate minerals of the lunar regolith returned by the Luna 16 and Luna 20 unmanned spacecraft. It is shown that the material in the Luna 16 core sample, from a typical mare region of the lunar surface, has undergone stronger irradiation by cosmic rays than material returned a highland region by Luna 20. A low-irradiation component (about 10 percent of the total number of crystals) has been found in the Luna 20 core sample materials, which can possibly be attributed to material added to the main bulk of the regolith in the formation of the crater Apollonius C. From the track density distribution of crystals, as a function of depth in the regolith core sample, it follows that the process of formation of the upper layer of the regolith, both for the lunar mare and for the highland region, includes sequential layering of finely crushed crystalline matter and subsequent mixing of it by micrometeorite bombardment. A portion of the crystals with a very high track density may be a component added to the lunar surface from outer space.

Schlagwort(e): ASTROPHYSICS

Materialart: NASA, Washington The Soviet-Am. Conf. on Cosmochem. of the Moon and Planets, Pt. 2; p 745-754

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5

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Aerodynamic characteristics in ground proximity (1976)

Hassell, J. L., Jr. ; Thomas, J. L. ; Nguyen, L. T.

In: CASI

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Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07

Beschreibung: Results from recent investigations in the Langley V/STOL tunnel of an externally blown flap and an upper surface blown flap configuration in ground proximity are presented. Comparisons of longitudinal aerodynamic characteristics indicate that in ground proximity, drag is reduced for both configurations, but changes in lift are configuration dependent. Steady state analyses of the landing approach indicate an increase in flight path angle for both configurations in ground proximity because of the drag reduction. Dynamic analyses with a fixed-base simulator indicate that the resultant flight path during landing approach is dependent on the initial flight path angle and the control technique used.

Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS

Materialart: Powered-Lift Aerodyn. and Acoustics; p 145-158

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6

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Investigation of the composition of the Luna 16 lunar sample (1977)

Bakos, L. ; Elek, A. ; Nagy, D. L. ; [weitere]

In: CASI

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Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07

Beschreibung: The concentrations of aluminum, manganese, sodium, chromium, iron, cobalt, and 12 rare earth elements were determined by neutron activation analysis using slow neutrons. Oxygen and silicon were determined using a fast neutron generator. Mossbauer spectroscopy was used to investigate iron compounds in Luna 16 regolith samples from the upper part of the core.

Schlagwort(e): ASTROPHYSICS

Materialart: NASA, Washington The Soviet-Am. Conf. on Cosmochem. of the Moon and Planets, pt. 1; p 277-280

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7

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Stellar model chromospheres. XI - A survey of Ca II lambda 8542 line profiles in late-type stars of differing chromospheric activity (1979)

Sowell, R. ; Hunten, D. M. ; Linsky, J. L. ; [weitere]

In: Other Sources

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-27

Schlagwort(e): ASTROPHYSICS

Materialart: PB80-144215 , Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series; 41; Nov. 197

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8

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Temporal and Spatial Aspects of Gas Release During the 2010 Apparition of Comet 103P/Hartley-2 (2011)

Paganini, L. ; Lippi, M. ; Magee-Sauer, K. ; [weitere]

In: CASI

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13

Beschreibung: We report measurements of eight primary volatiles (H2O, HCN, CH4, C2H6, CH3OH, C2H2, H2CO, and NH3) and two product species (OH and NH2) in comet 103P/Hartley-2 using high dispersion infrared spectroscopy. We present production rates for individual volatiles species, their mixing ratios relative to water, and their spatial distributions in the coma on multiple dates that span the interval Sept. - Dec. 2010. The production rates vary strongly with nucleus rotation, but the mixing ratios remain constant throughout the campaign. The released primary volatiles exhibit diverse spatial properties which favor the presence of separate polar and apolar ice phases in the nucleus, establish dust and gas release from icy clumps (and also, directly from the nucleus), and provide insights into the driver for the cyanogen (CN) polar jet.

Schlagwort(e): Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration

Materialart: GSFC.OVPR.4972.2011 , 43rd Annual DPS Meeting; Oct 02, 2011 - Oct 07, 2011; Nantes; France

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9

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Evidence for Hesperian Impact-Induced Hydrothermalism on Mars (2010)

Gross, Christoph ; Bishop, Janice L. ; McKay, Chris P. ; [weitere]

In: Other Sources

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13

Beschreibung: Several hydrated silicate deposits on Mars are observed within craters and are interpreted as excavated Noachian material. Toro crater (71.8 deg E, 17.0 deg N), located on the northern edge of the Syrtis Major Volcanic Plains, shows spectral and morphologic evidence of impact-induced hydrothermal activity. Spectroscopic observations were used to identify extensive hydrated silicate deposits, including prehnite, chlorites, smectites, and opaline material, a suite of phases that frequently results from hydrothermal alteration in terrestrial craters and also expected on Mars from geochemical modeling of hydrothermal environments. When combined with altimetry and high-resolution imaging data, these deposits appear associated predominantly with the central uplift and with portions of the northern part of the crater floor. Detailed geologic mapping of these deposits reveals geomorphic features that are consistent with hydrothermal activity that followed the impact event, including vent-like and conical mound structures, and a complex network of tectonic structures caused by fluid interactions such as fractures and joints. The crater age has been calculated from the cumulative crater size-frequency distributions and is found to be Early Hesperian. The evidence presented here provides support for impact-induced hydrothermal activity in Toro crater, that extends phyllosilicate formation processes beyond the Noachian era.

Schlagwort(e): Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration

Materialart: Icarus; 208; 667-683

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Isotopic and Geochemical Investigation of Two Distinct Mars Analog Environments Using Evolved Gas Techniques in Svalbard, Norway (2013)

Mcadam, Amy Catherine ; Amundsen, Hans E. F. ; Stern, Jennifer Claire ; [weitere]

In: CASI

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-12

Beschreibung: The 2010 Arctic Mars Analog Svalbard Expedition (AMASE) investigated two distinct geologic settings on Svalbard, using methodologies and techniques to be deployed on Mars Science Laboratory (MSL). AMASErelated research comprises both analyses conducted during the expedition and further analyses of collected samples using laboratory facilities at a variety of institutions. The Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument suite on MSL includes pyrolysis ovens, a gas-processing manifold, a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS), several gas chromatography columns, and a Tunable Laser Spectrometer (TLS). An integral part of SAM development is the deployment of SAM-like instrumentation in the field. During AMASE 2010, two parts of SAM participated as stand-alone instruments. A Hiden Evolved Gas Analysis- Mass Spectrometer (EGA-QMS) system represented the EGA-QMS component of SAM, and a Picarro Cavity Ring Down Spectrometer (EGA-CRDS), represented the EGA-TLS component of SAM. A field analog of CheMin, the XRD/XRF on MSL, was also deployed as part of this field campaign. Carbon isotopic measurements of CO2 evolved during thermal decomposition of carbonates were used together with EGA-QMS geochemical data, mineral composition information and contextual observations made during sample collection to distinguish carbonates formation associated with chemosynthetic activity at a fossil methane seep from abiotic processes forming carbonates associated with subglacial basaltic eruptions. Carbon and oxygen isotopes of the basalt-hosted carbonates suggest cryogenic carbonate formation, though more research is necessary to clarify the history of these rocks.

Schlagwort(e): Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration

Materialart: GSFC-E-DAA-TN8969

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