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  • Air Transportation and Safety  (27)
  • Surface physics, nanoscale physics, low-dimensional systems  (3)
  • 2010-2014  (30)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1
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    Growth of Si ultrathin films on silver surfaces: Evidence of an Ag(110) reconstruction induced by Si (2013)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-09-27
    Description: Author(s): Romain Bernard, Thomas Leoni, Axel Wilson, Tony Lelaidier, Houda Sahaf, Eric Moyen, Loïc Assaud, Lionel Santinacci, Frédéric Leroy, Fabien Cheynis, Alain Ranguis, Haik Jamgotchian, Conrad Becker, Yves Borensztein, Margrit Hanbücken, Geoffroy Prévot, and Laurence Masson We report here in situ measurements of the evolution of the Ag(110) surface during Si growth, using scanning tunneling microscopy and grazing incidence x-ray diffraction. We provide compelling evidence of an Ag(110) surface reconstruction associated with the release of Ag atoms induced by the growth... [Phys. Rev. B 88, 121411] Published Thu Sep 26, 2013
    Keywords: Surface physics, nanoscale physics, low-dimensional systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 2
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    Epitaxial growth of bimetallic Au-Cu nanoparticles on TiO2(110) followed in situ by scanning tunneling microscopy and grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction (2014)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-20
    Description: Author(s): A. Wilson, R. Bernard, A. Vlad, Y. Borensztein, A. Coati, B. Croset, Y. Garreau, and G. Prévot Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction (GIXD) have been used to follow in situ the growth and the structure of Au-Cu nanoparticles (NPs) formed on TiO2(110) by successive metal evaporations. STM observations of the same area of the substrate highlight the strong ... [Phys. Rev. B 90, 075416] Published Tue Aug 19, 2014
    Keywords: Surface physics, nanoscale physics, low-dimensional systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 3
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    Large differences in the optical properties of a single layer of Si on Ag(110) compared to silicene (2014)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-06-10
    Description: Author(s): Yves Borensztein, Geoffroy Prévot, and Laurence Masson The optical properties of Si nanoribbons grown on Ag(110) under ultrahigh vacuum have been experimentally determined by use of in situ surface differential reflectance spectroscopy. Real-time measurements showed a clear transition of the optical response of the Si deposit at full coverage of the Ag(... [Phys. Rev. B 89, 245410] Published Mon Jun 09, 2014
    Keywords: Surface physics, nanoscale physics, low-dimensional systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 4
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    Functional Allocation for Ground-Based Automated Separation Assurance in NextGen (2010)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: As part of an ongoing research effort into functional allocation in a NextGen environment, a controller-in-the-loop study on ground-based automated separation assurance was conducted at NASA Ames' Airspace Operations Laboratory in February 2010. Participants included six FAA front line managers, who are currently certified professional controllers and four recently retired controllers. Traffic scenarios were 15 and 30 minutes long where controllers interacted with advanced technologies for ground-based separation assurance, weather avoidance, and arrival metering. The automation managed the separation by resolving conflicts automatically and involved controllers only by exception, e.g., when the automated resolution would have been outside preset limits. Results from data analyses show that workload was low despite high levels of traffic, Operational Errors did occur but were closely tied to local complexity, and safety acceptability ratings varied with traffic levels. Positive feedback was elicited for the overall concept with discussion on the proper allocation of functions and trust in automation.
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN2142
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Simulation Evaluation of Controller-Managed Spacing Tools under Realistic Operational Conditions (2014)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Controller-Managed Spacing (CMS) tools have been developed to aid air traffic controllers in managing high volumes of arriving aircraft according to a schedule while enabling them to fly efficient descent profiles. The CMS tools are undergoing refinement in preparation for field demonstration as part of NASA's Air Traffic Management (ATM) Technology Demonstration-1 (ATD-1). System-level ATD-1 simulations have been conducted to quantify expected efficiency and capacity gains under realistic operational conditions. This paper presents simulation results with a focus on CMS-tool human factors. The results suggest experienced controllers new to the tools find them acceptable and can use them effectively in ATD-1 operations.
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN16393 , HCI-Aero 2014 International Conference on Human Computer Interaction in Aerospace; Jul 30, 2014 - Aug 01, 2014; Santa Clara, CA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    How to Compute a Slot Marker - Calculation of Controller Managed Spacing Tools for Efficient Descents with Precision Scheduling (2012)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This paper describes the underlying principles and algorithms for computing the primary controller managed spacing (CMS) tools developed at NASA for precisely spacing aircraft along efficient descent paths. The trajectory-based CMS tools include slot markers, delay indications and speed advisories. These tools are one of three core NASA technologies integrated in NASAs ATM technology demonstration-1 (ATD-1) that will operationally demonstrate the feasibility of fuel-efficient, high throughput arrival operations using Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) and ground-based and airborne NASA technologies for precision scheduling and spacing.
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN5998 , Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC); Oct 14, 2012 - Oct 18, 2012; Williamsburg, VA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Trajectory-Based Complexity (TBX): A Modified Aircraft Count to Predict Sector Complexity During Trajectory-Based Operations (2011)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: In this paper we introduce a new complexity metric to predict -in real-time- sector complexity for trajectory-based operations (TBO). TBO will be implemented in the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen). Trajectory-Based Complexity (TBX) is a modified aircraft count that can easily be computed and communicated in a TBO environment based upon predictions of aircraft and weather trajectories. TBX is scaled to aircraft count and represents an alternate and additional means to manage air traffic demand and capacity with more consideration of dynamic factors such as weather, aircraft equipage or predicted separation violations, as well as static factors such as sector size. We have developed and evaluated TBX in the Airspace Operations Laboratory (AOL) at the NASA Ames Research Center during human-in-the-loop studies of trajectory-based concepts since 2009. In this paper we will describe the TBX computation in detail and present the underlying algorithm. Next, we will describe the specific TBX used in an experiment at NASA's AOL. We will evaluate the performance of this metric using data collected during a controller-inthe- loop study on trajectory-based operations at different equipage levels. In this study controllers were prompted at regular intervals to rate their current workload on a numeric scale. When comparing this real-time workload rating to the TBX values predicted for these time periods we demonstrate that TBX is a better predictor of workload than aircraft count. Furthermore we demonstrate that TBX is well suited to be used for complexity management in TBO and can easily be adjusted to future operational concepts.
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN4308 , Digital Avionics Systems Conference; Oct 16, 2011 - Oct 20, 2011; Seattle, WA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    The Impact of Trajectory Prediction Uncertainty on Air Traffic Controller Performance and Acceptability (2013)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A Human-In-The-Loop air traffic control simulation investigated the impact of uncertainties in trajectory predictions on NextGen Trajectory-Based Operations concepts, seeking to understand when the automation would become unacceptable to controllers or when performance targets could no longer be met. Retired air traffic controllers staffed two en route transition sectors, delivering arrival traffic to the northwest corner-post of Atlanta approach control under time-based metering operations. Using trajectory-based decision-support tools, the participants worked the traffic under varying levels of wind forecast error and aircraft performance model error, impacting the ground automations ability to make accurate predictions. Results suggest that the controllers were able to maintain high levels of performance, despite even the highest levels of trajectory prediction errors.
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN10690 , AIAA Aviation 2013; Aug 12, 2013 - Aug 14, 2013; Los Angeles, CA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Allocation of Functions in a Far-Term Air Traffic Control Environment (2011)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A human-in-the-loop exploration of a ground-based automated separation assurance concept was conducted that involved the allocation of certain functions between humans and automation. This exploration included operations that were sustained for prolonged periods of time with high levels of traffic in the presence of convective weather and scheduling constraints. An investigation into the acceptability of the defined roles and performance of tasks was conducted where it was found that the participants rated the concept and allocation of functions with a high level of acceptability. However, issues were encountered with the automation related to the detection of and response to tactical conflicts. Lower ratings were given on account of these concerns, and it was found that a key contributor to the underlying problems was transitioning aircraft and the uncertainty of their trajectories. Stemming from those results, participants responded that they would rather have direct control over aircraft transitions as well as more control over the tactical conflict resolution automation. In contrast, participants responded that they would rather have the automation place aircraft back on trajectory, and perform weather avoidance and scheduling tasks.
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN4177 , 30th Digital Avionics Systems Conference; Oct 16, 2011 - Oct 20, 2011; Seattle, WA
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    NASA's ATM Technology Demonstration-1: Integrated Concept of Arrival Operations (2012)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This paper describes operations and procedures envisioned for NASA s Air Traffic Management (ATM) Technology Demonstration #1 (ATD-1). The ATD-1 Concept of Operations (ConOps) demonstration will integrate three NASA technologies to achieve high throughput, fuel-efficient arrival operations into busy terminal airspace. They are Traffic Management Advisor with Terminal Metering (TMA-TM) for precise time-based schedules to the runway and points within the terminal area, Controller-Managed Spacing (CMS) decision support tools for terminal controllers to better manage aircraft delay using speed control, and Flight deck Interval Management (FIM) avionics and flight crew procedures to conduct airborne spacing operations. The ATD-1 concept provides de-conflicted and efficient operations of multiple arrival streams of aircraft, passing through multiple merge points, from top-of-descent (TOD) to touchdown. It also enables aircraft to conduct Optimized Profile Descents (OPDs) from en route altitude to the runway, using primarily speed control to maintain separation and schedule. The ATD-1 project is currently addressing the challenges of integrating the three technologies, and implantation into an operational environment. Goals of the ATD-1 demonstration include increasing the throughput of high-density airports, reducing controller workload, increasing efficiency of arrival operations and the frequency of trajectory-based operations, and promoting aircraft ADS-B equipage.
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: NF1676L-14510 , 31st Digital Avionics Systems Conference; Oct 14, 2012 - Oct 18, 2012; Williamsburg, VA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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