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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric approach to polystyrene microcapsule analysis and the application to the capsule permeability to potassium chloride (1984)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 262 (1984), S. 513-520 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Dielectric property ; dielectric relaxation ; microcapsule ; permittivity ; polystyrene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A method of numerical analysis is proposed to determine the phase parameters from dielectric observations of polystyrene microcapsules by using the conductivity at intermediate frequencies between two dielectric relaxations observed. The method was more feasible for the analysis of the microcapsule observations than the method by which the calculation is performed by use of the permittivity at lower frequencies. The method was applied to the dielectric observations of the KCl-loaded microcapsules to obtain the permittivity and the conductivity of the capsule interior, the thickness of the capsule wall, the volume fraction of the suspended capsules and the conductivity of the surrounding aqueous phase. The conductivity of capsule interior was found to be unchanged with time for as long as 3 months. From the results it is concluded that the microcapsules are impermeable to KCl.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01451514
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A radiochemical study on the existence of dineutron (1983)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 311 (1983), S. 303-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A radiochemical study has been made to search for dineutron2 n produced in the simultaneous two-neutron emission of the excited6He nuclei,6He*, induced in the reaction of9Be+n→-6He*+α with fast neutrons in a reactor. It was attempted to detect the radio-activity of28Mg as a product of the reaction2 n+27Al→28Mg+p. The28Mg radioactivity observed in heterogeneous samples composed of the2 n-producing target Be and the2 n-detecting target Al separately was not found to be more than that of a side reaction,27Al{(n, p)(n th, γ)+(n th, γ)(n, p)}28Mg, whereas it clearly exceeded that of the side reaction in alloy samples made of Be and Al metals. The former experiment gives an upper limit of the production rate of the dineutron in the bound state 1×10−7 per event of the simultaneous two-neutron emission. A tentative explanation for the excessive28Mg radioactivity observed in the latter experiment is the following two-step process,9Be+n→6He+α and27Al+6He→+28Mg+α+p, rather than the process induced by the dineutron in a virtual state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01415685
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The formation of mantle phlogopite in subduction zone hybridization (1982)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 79 (1982), S. 375-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Extrapolation and extension of phase equilibria in the model system KAlSiO4-Mg2SiO4-SiO2-H2O suggests that at depths greater than 100 km (deeper than amphibole stability), hybridism between cool hydrous siliceous magma, rising from subducted oceanic crust, and the hotter overlying mantle peridotite produces a series of discrete masses composed largely of phlogopite, orthopyroxene, and clinopyroxene (enriched in Jadeite). Quartz (or coesite) may occur with phlogopite in the lowest part of the masses. The heterogeneous layer thus produced above the subducted oceanic crust provides: (1) aqueous fluids expelled during hybridization and solidification, which rise to generate in overlying mantle (given suitable thermal structure) H2O-undersaturated basic magma, which is the parent of the calc-alkalic rock series erupted at the volcanic front; (2) masses of phlogopite-pyroxenites which melt when they cross a deeper, high-temperature solidus, yielding the parents of alkalic magmas erupted behind the volcanic front; and (3) blocks of phlogopite-pyroxenites which may rise diapirically for long-term residence in continental lithosphere, and later contribute to the potassium (and geochemically-related elements) involved in some of the continental magmatism with geochemistry ascribed to mantle metasomatism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01132067
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase relationships in the system KAlSiO4-Mg2SiO4-SiO2-H2O as a model for hybridization between hydrous siliceous melts and peridotite (1982)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 79 (1982), S. 368-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The system KAlSiO4-Mg2SiO4-SiO2-H2O includes model representatives of (1) hydrous siliceous magma from subducted oceanic crust — the eutectic liquid in KAlSi3O8-SiO2-H2O, and (2) the overlying mantle peridotite — the assemblage forsterite+enstatite (Fo+En). In a series of partly schematic isobaric isothermal sections, the products of hybridization between the model materials at pressures between 20 and 30 kbar have been determined. The liquid dissolves peridotite components with little change in composition. Hybridization is not a simple mixing process, because of the incongruent melting of peridotitic assemblages with phlogopite (Ph). Hybridization causes solidification of the liquid, with products a sequence of three mineral assemblages: Ph, Ph+quartz (Qz), and Ph+En. The products represent an absolute geochemical separation and local concentration of all potassium from the liquid. Hybridization is accompanied by H2O-saturation of melts, and evolution of aqueous fluid. Although there are significant differences between the melt composition and that of the magma rising from subducted oceanic slab, and between Fo+En and the mantle rock, extrapolation of the results suggests that the conclusions can probably be extended to mantle conditions with sodium in the melt, and jadeitic clinopyroxene included in the hybrid products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01132066
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The system granite-peridotite-H2O at 30 kbar, with applications to hybridization in subduction zone magmatism (1982)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 81 (1982), S. 190-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Experiments with mixtures of granite, peridotite and H2O at 30 kbar were designed as a first step to test the hypothesis that the calc-alkaline igneous rocks of subduction zones are formed by differentiation of magmas derived by partial melting of hybrid rocks generated in the mantle wedge, by reaction between hydrous siliceous magma rising from subducted oceanic crust, and the overlying mantle peridotite. Experiments were conducted in gold capsules in half-inch diameter piston-cylinder apparatus. Results are presented in a 900° C isotherm, and in a projection of vapor-present phase fields onto T-granite-peridotite. Isobaric solution of peridotite in hydrous, H2O-undersaturated granite liquid at 900° C causes only small changes in liquid composition, followed by precipitation of orthopyroxene until about half of the liquid has solidified; then orthopyroxene is joined by jadeitic clinopyroxene, garnet, and phlogopite. Phlogopite-garnet-websterite continues to be precipitated, with evolution of aqueous vapor, until all of the liquid is used up. The product of hybridization is a pyroxenite without olivine. The products of partial melting of this material would differ from products derived from peridotite because there is no olivine control, and the clinopyroxenes contain up to 7% Na2O, compared with less than 1% Na2O in peridotite clinopyroxenes. The reaction products are directly analogous to those in the model system KAlSiO4-Mg2SiO4-SiO2-H2O, where, with decreasing SiO2 in the hydrous siliceous liquid, the field for phlogopite expands, and phlogopite instead of orthopyroxene becomes the primary mineral. If this occurs with less siliceous magmas from the subducted oceanic crust, there is a prospect for separation of discrete bodies of phlogopite-rock as well as phlogopite-garnet-websterite. We need to know the products of hybridization, and the products of partial melting of the hybrid rocks through a range of conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00371296
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crack initiation from the ends of partially debonded surfaces of a flat inclusion (1983)
    Springer
    Acta mechanica 50 (1983), S. 59-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-6937
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The interfacial debonding is observed as the earliest form of damage in reinforced composite materials. In this paper is considered the crack initiated from the ends of the partially debonded surfaces of a flat inclusion in the framework of the two-dimensional theory of elasticity. The analysis is based on the singular point method. The flat inclusion is simulated by a continuous distribution of concentrated forces since it is of very small thickness. The initiated cracks are replaced by continuous distributions of edge dislocations. Then we obtain a system of singular integral equations with Cauchy kernels. The solution is assumed in the form of the product of an unknown function and the weight function of Jacobi polynomials, and is determined by using a collocation method. Numerical calculations are carried out for the energy release rate and the crack initiation from the ends of the debonded surfaces is discussed. The maximum energy release rate and its direction for Poisson's ratio of matrices are shown in figures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01170441
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Velocity variation of the Kuroshio during formation of the small meander south of Kyûshû (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of oceanography 37 (1981), S. 87-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-868X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstracts Historical GEK data provided by JODC is analyzed to investigate the characteristic variation in velocity of the Kuroshio, with special reference to the formation of small meanders south of Kyûshû. It is found that, during or prior to the period of small meander formation, there is a tendency for an abrupt increase in the current velocity west of Yaku-Shima (Yaku-Island), representing an increase in the main current intensity upstream. Also, there are apparent time lags in the variation in current velocity along the path of the Kuroshio between the upstream and the downstream regions of the small meander area. Namely, it is apparent that the increase in Kuroshio velocity in the Satsunan Strait procedes that offshore of Shikoku during the period of the small meander formation, by the order of one month. These results indicate that a nonlinear effect due to the increase in current velocity is a possible cause of the generation of small meanders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02072561
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A numerical study on the generation of the small meander of the Kuroshio off southern Kyûshû (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of oceanography 37 (1981), S. 234-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-868X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The generation of small meanders of the Kuroshio off southern Kyûshû is investigated. Basing on the fact that the small meanders tend to follow an increase in velocity of the Kuroshio in the Satsunan region (Sekine andToba, 1981), the influence of this velocity increase on the quasi-stationary path of the Kuroshio is studied numerically. Simplified bottom and coastal topographies are employed in a two layer model ocean. A quasi-stationary numerical solution with a constant inflow is used for the initial condition, and a temporal increase in the inflow with corresponding leakage is employed as the boundary condition to investigate nonlinear effects due to the increase in current velocity. Experiments for four different physical models are carried out to determine the specific roles of the continental slope, the planetaryβ-effect, and density stratification. Temporal increase in the inflow tends to cause offshore shift of the current path. But the topographic effect of the continental slope is strong enough that no significant shift of the current path occurs in the case of the barotropic ocean. However, in the case of a baroclinic ocean, temporal increase in the inflow does cause generation of small meanders, because density stratification diminishes the topographic effect. A larger density stratification provides more favorable condition for the appearance of the small meander, and a cyclonic eddy is formed on the continental side of the small meander path.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02070578
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrographic structure of the Kuroshio large meander-cold water mass region down to the deeper layers of the ocean (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of oceanography 39 (1983), S. 240-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-868X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The hydrographic structure of the region of large meander of the Kuroshio and the large cold water mass, which were formed in 1975, was observed down to the ocean bottom, during three cruises of the R/VHakuho Maru in September 1975, September 1976, and December 1977. The analysis of observed data indicates the following common features: the horizontal gradient of the specific volume anomaly exists down to a 3,500 db surface, corresponding to the existence of baroclinic geostrophic current down to this depth. These facts demonstrate that the current of the Kuroshio is not confined to the upper layer during periods of existence of the large meander. On a T-S diagram, the Kuroshio water and the water in the large cold water mass can be discriminated down to a 5°C surface, but there is evidence of mixing due to conspicuous interleaving between the two water masses, near the thermocline. Below the thermocline, water types defined by points on the T-S diagram can be traced from a deeper level in the Kuroshio water to a shallower level in the cold water mass, indicating that in the deeper layers the Kuroshio water continues to be uplifted toward the center of the cold water mass. The same inference is also obtained from the distribution of dissolved oxygen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02070394
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric observations on polystyrene microcapsules and the theoretical analysis with reference to interfacial polarization (1983)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 261 (1983), S. 381-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Conductivity ; Dielectric property ; Dielectric relaxation ; Interfacial polarization ; Microcapsule ; Permittivity ; Polystyrene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Dielectric measurements were carried out for polystyrene microcapsules which were prepared by means of an interfacial polymer deposition technique. The microcapsules showed a couple of dielectric relaxations termedP for lower andQ for higher frequencies. The frequency profiles were characteristic of the structure that shelled spheres were dispersed in a continuous medium. Gelatin aqueous solutions, cationic polyelectrolyte solutions and distilled water were loaded in the capsule interior to examine the effect of conductivities of the constituent aqueous phases on the dielectric properties. Relaxation frequencies of the relaxationsP andQ observed were directly proportional to the conductivities of the continuous medium and of the capsule interior, respectively. A dielectric theory was proposed for a suspension of shelled spheres in a continuous phase in order to analyze the relaxation data observed for the microcapsules. Volume fraction of the capsules, relative permittivity and conductivity of the capsule interior and thickness of the capsule wall are evaluated from the dielectric observations by use of the theoretical formulas derived. The dielectric behavior observed for the polystyrene microcapsules are interpreted quantitatively in terms of the dielectric theory proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01418210
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