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  • Springer  (39)
  • Oxford University Press  (7)
  • Geological Society of America  (4)
  • 2010-2014  (15)
  • 1980-1984  (33)
  • 1965-1969  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 258 (1980), S. 753-759 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es werden Messungen des Abfalls der transversalen Magnetisierung von geschmolzenem Polyethylenoxid sowohl unter gewöhnlichen Bedingungen als auch bei Rotation der Probe um die magische Achse durchgeführt. Bei Molekulargewichten unterhalb von etwa 6.000 findet man bei den nicht-rotierenden Proben einen exponentiellen Abfall, der auch bei einer Rotation der Probe unverändert bleibt. Bei höherliegenden Molekulargewichten erhält man dagegen für die nicht-rotierenden Proben einen nichtexponentiellen Abfall, der bei einer Rotation mit zwei kHz in einen exponentiellen Abfall übergeht. Die Ergebnisse werden mit Hilfe der Annahme erklärt, daß bei Molekulargewichten über 6.000 Kettenverschlaufungen auftreten, die zu einer anisotropen Bewegung der Moleküle führen. Diese Annahme wird durch Viskositätsmessungen erhärtet. Ähnliche Ergebnisse werden auch für in Chloroform gelöstem Polyethylenoxid erhalten. Oberhalb einer kritischen Konzentration, die um so geringer ist, je höher das Molekulargewicht wird, wird die Bewegung der Moleküle vermutlich als Folge von Kettenverschlaufungen anisotrop. Aus der Rotationsfrequenz, die erforderlich ist, um den Einfluß der anisotropen Bewegung zu beseitigen, werden Rückschlüsse auf die Lebensdauer der Kettenverschlaufungen gezogen.
    Notes: Summary The decay of the transversal magnetization of molten polyethylene oxide is measured not only under usual conditions but also while the sample is rotating around the magic axis. For molecular weights below about 6,000, the decay of the samples not rotating is exponential and the same as that obtained for the rotating samples. For molecular weights above that value, for the samples not rotating, a non exponential decay is obtained which goes over in a decay which is almost exponential if the sample rotates with 2 kHz. The results are explained by the assumption that, for molecular weights above 6,000, chain entanglements 'occur due to which the molecular motion becomes anisotropic. This assumption is in agreement with viscosity measurements. Similar results are obtained for polyethylene oxide solved in chloroform. Above a critical concentration, which decreases with increasing molecular weight, probably due to entanglements, the motion of the molecules becomes anisotropic. From the revolution frequency which is necessary to ommit the influence of anisotropic motion, conclusions concerning the lifetime of an entanglement are drawn.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 14 (1982), S. 375-389 
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The influence of an external dispersive resonator on the emission properties of a double heterostructure semiconductor laser operating at room temperature has been investigated. The proper design of the external resonator (frequency selectivity and efficient back-coupling of the radiation leaving the diode) demonstrates that a laser with optical feedback can show bistability and hysteresis phenomena. The dispersive bistability has its origin in the dependence of the refractive index on carrier density, temperature and optical power. Hysteresis curves have been measured by changing the injection current or by tuning the dispersive element. We have found a threshold in the injection current for the onset of the hysteretic behaviour. Moreover, a theoretical model has been established to explain the essential features of the experimental results. Hysteresis cycles for different experiments have been calculated.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract π 0 photoproduction has been measured on12C,13C and16O in theΔ-resonance region. By limiting the acceptance of theπ 0 spectrometer to small angles (Θ≦10°), only the coherent channel could contribute. The data show a broadening of the resonance width whereas the peak energy remains essentially unchanged. Theoretical calculations give considerably lower values compared with our data.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 41 (1981), S. 223-228 
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Properties of the metallic Van Vleck paramagnet PrNi5 which are relevant for its use as a nuclear refrigerant (particularly its nuclear entropy) have been measured, and are discussed in comparison to the relevant properties of Cu. By demagnetizing it, a minimum equilibrium temperature of 0.2 mK has been obtained; no deviation from ideal reversible behavior of the demagnetization has been observed down to 0.5 mK.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    OR spectrum 6 (1984), S. 229-237 
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Cooperative fares in public transport should allow changes between the transport systems of different transport authorities without restrictions. They should be planned such that losses for all transport authorities involved and disadvantages on the part of the passengers are avoided. It will be shown how traffic assignment models can be used to describe and evaluate fare zone and fare system models.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Gemeinschaftstarife im öffentlichen Personennahverkehr (ÖPNV) sollen freizügiges Umsteigen zwischen den Verkehrssystemen verschiedener Verkehrsunternehmen ermöglichen. Sie sind so zu konzipieren, daß alle beteiligten Verkehrsunternehmen keine Verluste und möglichst wenig Fahrgäste Nachteile erleiden. Es wird gezeigt, wie Tarifzonenmodelle und Fahrpreissysteme mit Hilfe von Wegewahlmodellen beschrieben und ausgewertet werden können.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 10 (1967), S. 309-320 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die zytochemische Natur der Anreicherungsorte basischer Vitalfarbstoffe (Akridinorange, Nilblausulfat und Neutralrot) im Zytoplasma von Blutplättchen, Leukozyten, Mäuseaszites-Tumorzellen und Epithelzellen wurde untersucht. Dabei stellte sich heraus, daß bei allen untersuchten Zelltypen Phospholipoide oder Phospholipoproteide als Substrat der umschriebenen Farbstoffbindung in lysosomalen Zellstrukturen dienen. Die Supravitalfärbung mit basischen Farbstoffen ist demnach als zytochemischer Lipoidnachweis geeignet, wenn unter bestimmten Bedingungen und unter Einhaltung eines definierten Färbestadiums (Stadium der granulären oder vakuolären Farbstoffverteilung) beobachtet wird. Auf die methodischen Vorteile der Supravitalfärbung wird hingewiesen.
    Notes: Summary The cytochemical character of the substrat for basic vital dyes (acridine orange, nil blue sulfate, neutral red) has been studied in the cytoplasma of blood platelets, leucocytes, Ehrlich Ascites tumor cells and epithelial cells. It could be demonstrated that the vital dyes are bound to lysosomal phospholipids or phospholipoproteins in the different cell types. Supravital staining with basic dyes is therefore considered to be a useful method for identifying lipid material in cytology, provided defined conditions and stades of staining are observed. The advantages of the proposed method are discussed.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 77 (1983), S. 447-463 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Methodological aspects of quantitative X-ray microanalysis of semi-thick cryosections (2–6 μm) of biological soft tissue were investigated. The preparation of a low background specimen holder is described. Scanning and scanning transmission images of the sections could be obtained, allowing identification and separate analysis of nuclei and cytoplasm. Parallel observations of histochemically stained adjacent sections in the light microscope allowed correlation of the microanalytical data with tissue morphology and histochemistry. Quantitative analysis could be carried out with the help of a standard: a gelatin/glycerol matrix containing mineral salts in known quantities, frozen and sectioned in the same way as the specimen. Mass loss under the electron beam was found to be comparable in specimen and standard. Comparison of various theoretical models for quantitative analysis showed that the ‘P/B-method’ (determination of the background intensity under the characteristic peak) is the most suitable for semi-thick sections. Factors determining the choice of accelerating voltage were analyzed. The usefulness of this specimen type is illustrated in some biological applications (human oral mucosa, rat salivary gland).
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta mechanica 53 (1984), S. 81-100 
    ISSN: 1619-6937
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary An internal variable theory of rate-independent plasticity is presented incorporating a combination of classical models of kinematic hardening as well as isotropic hardening. In addition to the yield surface a second “bounding surface” has been introduced to accommodate to problems with non-radial loading paths. The behaviour of this model unter uniaxial and complex loading has been tested and compared with experimental results and other theoretical predictions.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract It is shown that H2 precipitated into bubbles in copper undergoes ortho-para conversion. This conversion, at a rate of about 2%/h, and the hydrogen content are detected quantitatively by the time-dependent heat release associated with them. The heating is comparable to the time-dependent heat leak observed in copper nuclear refrigerators. The amount of H2 necessary to explain the data lies between 10 and 100 ppm. Due to its much smaller conversion rate and the smaller energy conversion, the heat released from D2 in copper is essentially time independent fort〈100 h and is up to two orders of magnitude smaller than the one for H2.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 8 (1981), S. 199-204 
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The ππ scattering lengthsa 0 0 ,a 2 0 anda 1 1 are determined from πN elastic scattering data using interior dispersion relations. The importance of the Born-Term contribution, via unitarity, to the imaginary part of all amplitudes is discussed. Proper consideration of these contributions and the analytic properties of the amplitudes near threshold allows us to obtain from the recent πN partial wave analysis of Pietarinen the following scattering lengths $$\begin{gathered} \mu a_0^0 = 0.27 \pm 0.03,\mu ^3 a_1^1 = 0.032 \pm 0.005, \hfill \\ \mu ^5 a_2^0 = 0.002 \pm 0.001. \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$
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