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  • Wiley  (124)
  • American Geophysical Union  (48)
  • Springer Nature  (45)
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • Public Library of Science (PLoS)
  • Taylor & Francis
  • 2010-2014  (136)
  • 1990-1994  (45)
  • 1975-1979  (42)
  • 1945-1949  (2)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Binding of α-foetoprotein to murine T cells (1975)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 256 (1975), S. 656-657 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] To define the cell type(s) affected by AFP we studied the binding of AFP to the surface of various cells involved in the immune reaction using direct immunofluorescence on preparations of thymus derived lymphochtes (T cells), bone marrow derived lymphocytes (B cells) and macrophages. Mouse ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/256656a0
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    What's in a name? (1990)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 346 (1990), S. 616-616 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] SIR-Cedergren et al. in their Scientific Correspondence recently documented1 discrepancies in terminology for apparently homologous genes in different species of bacteria. This is a general problem applicable to comparisons of genes among all species, as in most instances genes have been conserved ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/346616a0
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tales of old (1991)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 352 (1991), S. 767-768 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] ONE of Aristotle's many claims to fame is as the great grandaddy of geronto-logical science. "It is not clear whether in animals or plants universally it is a single or diverse cause that makes some to be long-lived, others short-lived." Thus mused Aristotle some 23 centuries ago in his De ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/352767b0
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Geometric phase shifts in chemical oscillators (1991)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 349 (1991), S. 506-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] A phase shift analogous to Berry's phase—the Hannay angle5—exists for classical mechanical hamiltonian (that is, conservative) systems, and the semi-classical connection between the two has been developed by Berry6. Examples of geometric phase shifts have been identified in quantum ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/349506a0
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  • 5
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    Unbekannt
    Seed Production Characteristics of Three Fine Fescue Species in Residue Management Systems (2011)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0002-1962
    Digitale ISSN: 1435-0645
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Publiziert von Wiley
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  • 6
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    Yields of Miscanthus × giganteus and Panicum virgatum decline with stand age in the Midwestern USA (2013)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-09-17
    Beschreibung: For the C4 perennial grasses, Miscanthus  ×  giganteus and Panicum virgatum (switchgrass) to be successful for bioenergy production they must maintain high yields over the long term. Previous studies under the less conducive climate for productivity in N.W. Europe found little or no yield decline in M . ×  giganteus in the long term. This study provides the first analysis of whether yield decline occurs in M . ×  giganteus under United States. Midwest conditions in side-by-side trials with P. virgatum over 8–10 years at seven locations across Illinois. The effect of stand age was determined by using a linear regression model that included effects of weather. Miscanthus  ×  giganteus produced yields more than twice that of P. virgatum averaging 23.4 ± 1.2 Mg ha −1  yr −1 and 10.0 ± 0.9 Mg ha −1  yr −1 , respectively, averaged over 8–10 years. Relationships of yield with precipitation and growing degree days were established and used to estimate yields corrected for the stochastic effects of weather. Across all locations and in both species, yield initially increased until it reached a maximum during the fifth growing season and then declined to a stable, but lower level in the eighth. This pattern was more pronounced in M . ×  giganteus . The mean yields observed over this longer term period of 8–10 years were lower than the yields of the first 5 years. However, this decline was proportionately greater in M . ×  giganteus than in P. virgatum, suggesting a stronger effect of stand age on M . ×  giganteus . Based on the average yield over the period of this study, meeting the United States Renewable Fuel Standard mandate of 60 billion liters of cellulosic ethanol by 2022, would require 6.8 Mha of M . ×  giganteus or 15.8 Mha of P. virgatum . These appear manageable numbers for the United States, given the 16.0 Mha in the farmland Conservation Reserve Program in addition to another 13.0 Mha abandoned from agriculture in the last decade.
    Print ISSN: 1757-1693
    Digitale ISSN: 1757-1707
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Publiziert von Wiley
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  • 7
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    Chemical and Hygroscopic Properties of Aerosol Organics at Storm Peak Laboratory (2013)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-04-03
    Beschreibung: [1]  A combined field and laboratory study was conducted to improve our understanding of the chemical and hygroscopic properties of organic compounds in aerosols sampled in the background continental atmosphere. PM 2.5 (particles with aerodynamic diameters smaller than 2.5 µm) aerosols were collected from 24 June to 28 July, 2010 at Storm Peak Laboratory in the Park Range of northwestern Colorado. New particle formation was frequent at Storm Peak Laboratory during this campaign, and the samples were not influenced by regional dust storms. Filter samples were analyzed for organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC), water soluble OC (WSOC), major inorganic ions, and detailed organic speciation. WSOC was isolated from inorganic ions using solid phase absorbents. Hygroscopic growth factors and cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) activity of the WSOC were measured in the laboratory. Organic compounds comprised the majority (average of 64% with a standard deviation of 9%) of the mass of measured species and WSOC accounted for an average of 89% (with a standard deviation of 21%) of OC mass. Daily samples were composited according to back-trajectories. On average, organic acids, sugars, and sugar alcohols accounted for 12.5 ± 6.2% (average ± standard deviation) of WSOC. Based on the composition of these compounds and that of high molecular weight compounds identified using ultra high resolution mass spectrometry, the organic mass to organic carbon ratio of the WSOC is estimated to be 2.04. The average hygroscopic growth factors at RH = 80% (GF 80 ) were 1.10 ± 0.03 for particles derived from isolated WSOC and 1.27 ± 0.03 for particles derived from the total water-soluble material (WSM). CCN activity followed a similar pattern. The critical diameters at a super-saturation of 0.35% were 0.072 ± 0.009 and 0.094 ± 0.006 µm for particles derived from WSM and isolated WSOC, respectively. These growth factor results compare favorably with estimates from thermodynamic models, which explicitly relate the water activity (RH) to concentration for the total soluble material identified in this study.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Publiziert von Wiley im Namen von American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 8
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    Photometric properties of Mars soils analogs (2013)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-09-18
    Beschreibung: [1]  We have measured the bidirectional reflectance of analogs of dry, wet and frozen Martian soils over a wide range of phase angles in the visible spectral range. All samples were produced from two geologic samples: the standard JSC Mars-1 soil simulant and Hawaiian basaltic sand. In a first step, experiments were conducted with the dry samples to investigate the effects of surface texture. Comparisons with results independently obtained by different teams with similar samples showed a satisfying reproducibility of the photometric measurements as well as a noticeable influence of surface textures resulting from different sample preparation procedures. In a second step, water was introduced to produce wet and frozen samples and their photometry investigated. Optical microscope images of the samples provided information about their micro-texture. Liquid water, even in relatively low amount, resulted in the disappearance of the backscattering peak and the appearance of a forward scattering peak whose intensity increases with the amount of water. Specular reflections only appeared when water was present in an amount large enough to allow water to form a film at the surface of the sample. Icy samples showed a wide variability of photometric properties depending on the physical properties of the water ice. We discuss the implications of these measurements in terms of the expected photometric behavior of the Martian surface, from equatorial to circum-polar regions. In particular, we propose some simple photometric criteria to improve the identification of wet and/or icy soils from multiple observations under different geometries.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Publiziert von Wiley im Namen von American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Thunderstorms enhance tropospheric ozone by wrapping and shedding stratospheric air (2014)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-11-09
    Beschreibung: A significant source of ozone in the troposphere is transport from the stratosphere. The stratospheric contribution has been estimated mainly using global models that attribute the transport process largely to the global scale Brewer-Dobson circulation and synoptic scale dynamics associated with upper tropospheric jet streams. We report observations from research aircraft that reveal additional transport of ozone-rich stratospheric air downward into the upper troposphere by a leading-line-trailing-stratiform (LLTS) mesoscale convective system (MCS) with convection overshooting the tropopause altitude. The fine-scale transport demonstrated by these observations poses a significant challenge to global models that currently do not resolve storm scale dynamics. Thus the upper tropospheric ozone budget simulated by global chemistry-climate models where large-scale dynamics and photochemical production from lightning-produced NO are the controlling factors may require modification.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Digitale ISSN: 1944-8007
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Publiziert von Wiley im Namen von American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 10
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    Airborne cloud condensation nuclei measurements during the 2006 Texas Air Quality Study (2011)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-06-01
    Beschreibung: Airborne measurements of aerosol and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) were conducted aboard the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration WP-3D platform during the 2006 Texas Air Quality Study/Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric Composition and Climate Study (TexAQS/GoMACCS). The measurements were conducted in regions influenced by industrial and urban sources. Observations show significant local variability of CCN activity (CCN/CN from 0.1 to 0.5 at s = 0.43%), while variability is less significant across regional scales (∼100 km × 100 km; CCN/CN is ∼0.1 at s = 0.43%). CCN activity can increase with increasing plume age and oxygenated organic fraction. CCN measurements are compared to predictions for a number of mixing state and composition assumptions. Mixing state assumptions that assumed internally mixed aerosol predict CCN concentrations well. Assuming organics are as hygroscopic as ammonium sulfate consistently overpredicted CCN concentrations. On average, the water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) fraction is 60 ± 14% of the organic aerosol. We show that CCN closure can be significantly improved by incorporating knowledge of the WSOC fraction with a prescribed organic hygroscopicity parameter ($\kappa$ = 0.16 or effective $\kappa$ ∼ 0.3). This implies that the hygroscopicity of organic mass is primarily a function of the WSOC fraction. The overall aerosol hygroscopicity parameter varies between 0.08 and 0.88. Furthermore, droplet activation kinetics are variable and 60% of particles are smaller than the size characteristic of rapid droplet growth.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Publiziert von Wiley im Namen von American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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