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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Graphoepitaxy of CeO2 on MgO and its application to the fabrication of 45° grain boundary Josephson junctions of YBa2Cu3O7−x (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 5058-5061 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We communicate a detailed study of the epitaxial growth of CeO2 on MgO. The key feature of the growth is the dependence of the in-plane orientation of the CeO2 epitaxial layer on the MgO surface morphology. Atomic force microscopic (AFM) measurements, x-ray analyses, as well as high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) investigations reveal that on rough substrates a cube-on-cube growth of CeO2 on MgO occurs while on smooth substrates the CeO2 unit cell is rotated around the surface normal by 45° with respect to the MgO unit cell when the deposition rate is low (∼0.3 A(ring)/s) during the first stages of growth. This growth mechanism can be used for a defined fabrication of 45° grain boundaries in the CeO2 layer by controlling the surface roughness of the MgO substrate. This report demonstrates that these 45° grain boundaries may be used to fabricate YBa2Cu3O7−x Josephson junctions. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359734
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epitaxial growth of Y-doped SrZrO3 films on MgO by pulsed laser deposition (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 3337-3339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial thin films of Y-doped SrZrO3 have been grown on MgO(001) by pulsed laser deposition. The deposition process has been performed at temperatures of 1000–1200 °C and at an oxygen pressure of 1.5×10−1 mbar. The samples are characterized by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry/channeling (RBS/C) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). We found an epitaxial relationship of SrZrO3 (0k0) [101](parallel)MgO (001) [100]. Good crystalline quality is confirmed by RBS/C minimum yield values of 9% and a FWHM of 0.35° of the XRD rocking curve. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361234
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation of YBa2Cu3O7 step-edge junction characteristics with microstructure (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 1131-1139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Current-voltage characteristics, Josephson radiation spectra, and critical current versus magnetic-field dependences were measured in epitaxial, c-axis YBa2Cu3O7 step-edge Josephson junctions (SEJs) on SrTiO3 and LaAlO3 substrates with various step angles α. The results were correlated with microstructural data to determine the origin of the observed weak-link behavior. It was shown that on steps with α(approximately-greater-than)45° the SEJ is a series connection of two weak links unambiguously correlated with the occurrence of two 90° tilt grain boundaries. On steep steps, α≥70°, the boundary at the upper step edge has, on average, the (103) symmetry, while the lower one is predominantly of the basal-plane-faced (010)(001) type. Correspondingly, one link is weaker than the other, with the weaker link originating on the (010)(001) boundary. However, others have shown that analogous grain boundaries in planar (103) and biepitaxial a-axis/c-axis films do not exhibit a strong magnetic-field dependence of critical current, which is characteristic of a weak link. Hence, it is proposed that the weak-link behavior of boundaries on step edges originates from their defect structure. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360347
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural and optical characterization of epitaxial waveguiding BaTiO3 thin films on MgO (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 3305-3310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial waveguide structures of c-axis oriented BaTiO3 thin films on MgO(001) have been grown by pulsed laser deposition. The structural properties of the samples have been characterized by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry/ion channeling (RBS/C), x-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy. We found excellent crystalline quality even up to thicknesses of a few microns. This has been confirmed by RBS/C minimum yield values of 2%–3%, a full width at half maximum of 0.36° of the BaTiO3 (002) rocking curve, and a rms roughness of 1.1 nm for a 950 nm BaTiO3 film. The out-of-plane refractive index was measured to be close to the extraordinary bulk value with the birefringence being about one third of the bulk value. Waveguide losses of 2.9 dB/cm have been demonstrated. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367099
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hillock formation during electromigration in Cu and Al thin films: Three-dimensional grain growth (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 66 (1995), S. 1214-1215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The evolution of microstructure in Al and Cu thin film lines during electromigration has been studied using a transmission electron microscopy. Grain boundary migration was found to be critically involved in the electromigration induced hillock formation that can be described as a three-dimensional growth of a single grain. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.113240
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Operation of high-temperature rf SQUID magnetometers using dielectric SrTiO3 resonators (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 3183-3185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The operation of YBa2Cu3O7 rf superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) using a dielectric SrTiO3 resonator as tank circuit was tested. At 77 K, we attained for such resonators unloaded quality factors Q0 up to 7000 at resonant frequencies near 1 GHz, when measuring without electromagnetic shielding. For a washer SQUID with an area of 4×4 mm2 and an inductance of (approximately-equal-to)100 pH, which was properly coupled to the resonator, we measured an approximately 60 μV peak-to-peak SQUID signal and a white flux noise spectral density of SΦ1/2=1×10−5Φ0/(square root of)Hz, corresponding to a field sensitivity of BN=105 fT/(square root of)Hz. With an additional single-layer flux transformer with a diameter of the pickup loop of 22 mm in flip-chip arrangement, the field sensitivity was improved to 30 fT/(square root of)Hz. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115156
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of YBa2Cu3Ox thin-film flux transformers using a novel microshadow mask technique for in situ patterning (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 66 (1995), S. 3521-3523 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A novel microshadow mask technique for in situ patterning of multilayers is presented. It is ideally suited to fabricate YBa2Cu3Ox(YBCO) and insulator lines with gently sloping edges, needed for high quality insulated superconducting crossovers. The critical current density jc (T=77 K) of a YBCO/SrTiO3/YBCO crossover exceeds 2×106 A/cm2 in both the bottom and the top YBCO stripline. The insulating SrTiO3 layer of 200 nm thickness displays a high resistivity of ρ(approximately-greater-than)108 Ω cm (T=77 K). The extremely smooth morphology of the edges has been revealed by cross sectional transmission electron microscopy, indicating a stepflow mechanism of YBCO growth. Multiturn flux transformers with a 15 μm linewidth input coil spiral have been fabricated by this microshadow mask technique. A transformer with a pickup loop area of 7 mm2 has been coupled to a 1 mm2 washer dc SQUID in flip chip geometry. In comparison to the bare SQUID a magnetic flux gain factor of 9 has been obtained. The white noise level of this setup was determined to be 8×10−5 Φ0/Hz1/2 at 77 K. It was entirely due to the intrinsic noise of the employed dc SQUID itself. The 1/f noise level increased a factor of 2. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.113784
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Superconductor–normal–superconductor Josephson junctions fabricated by oxygen implantation into YBa2Cu3O7−δ (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 2354-2356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report Josephson junctions in YBa2Cu3O7−δ films, fabricated by oxygen irradiation through a 50 nm wide slit in an implantation mask. After annealing the irradiated microbridges at 500 °C in an oxygen atmosphere, this process creates a homogeneous barrier region with a reduced but finite transition temperature, allowing Josephson coupling in a temperature window of ≤15 K. Over the entire temperature range of Josephson coupling these junctions show resistively shunted junction behavior. The exponential dependence of the critical current on temperature is in good agreement with conventional superconductor–normal–superconductor proximity effect theory. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122459
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Operation of high-sensitivity radio frequency superconducting quantum interference device magnetometers with superconducting coplanar resonators at 77 K (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 704-706 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have developed a novel coplanar resonator serving as a tank circuit for radio frequency washer superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). Two coplanar lines surrounded the circular flux concentrator washer, 13.4 mm in diameter. The SQUID, 3.5 mm in diameter, was coupled to the concentrator in the flip-chip configuration. All parts were fabricated from single-layer epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7 films on LaAlO3 substrates. In this layout, the resonant frequency could be set between 600 and 850 MHz. With SQUID loops of 100×100 μm2 (SQUID) inductance Ls=150 pH or 10×500 μm2 (Ls=260 pH), we determined at 77 K white flux noise levels Sφ1/2 of 1.0×10−5 and 1.5×10−5φ0/Hz, respectively. Both figures corresponded to the field resolution of about 30 fT/Hz. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119835
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A design of planar multi-turn flux transformers for radio frequency SQUID magnetometers (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 2029-2031 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We propose a design for planar multi-turn flux transformer for radio frequency (rf) superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometers. This transformer is integrated with a coplanar resonator, e.g., on a 1 cm2 LaAlO3 substrate. Its pickup loop is connected with two input coils, separate for dc (low-frequency) and rf currents. A double-hole washer SQUID is coupled to these coils in a flip-chip configuration to form a magnetometer. The separation of rf and dc current paths in the transformer made it possible to demonstrate the rf SQUID magnetometer operation. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121254
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