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  • Springer  (32)
  • Inter-Research
  • 2010-2014  (8)
  • 2000-2004  (15)
  • 1990-1994  (12)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Framework and Results for English SENSEVAL (2000)
    Springer
    Computers and the humanities 34 (2000), S. 15-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8412
    Keywords: evaluation ; SENSEVAL ; word sense disambiguation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: Abstract Senseval was the first open, community-based evaluation exercisefor Word Sense Disambiguation programs. It adopted the quantitativeapproach to evaluation developed in MUC and other ARPA evaluationexercises. It took place in 1998. In this paper we describe thestructure, organisation and results of the SENSEVAL exercise forEnglish. We present and defend various design choices for theexercise, describe the data and gold-standard preparation, considerissues of scoring strategies and baselines, and present the resultsfor the 18 participating systems. The exercise identifies thestate-of-the-art for fine-grained word sense disambiguation, wheretraining data is available, as 74–78% correct, with a number ofalgorithms approaching this level of performance. For systems thatdid not assume the availability of training data, performance wasmarkedly lower and also more variable. Human inter-tagger agreementwas high, with the gold standard taggings being around 95%replicable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002693207386
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nanoscale fluorescent sensors for intracellular analysis (2000)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 366 (2000), S. 569-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract There is a growing interest in the development of submicron optochemical sensing devices. Miniaturization of sensors to nano-dimensions decreases their typical response time down to the millisecond time scale. Their penetration volume is reduced to a few cubic micrometers and they exhibit a spatial resolution at the nanometer scale. In this review the fabrication of submicron optical fiber fluorescent sensors and particle-based fluorescent nanosensors is described. The functional characteristics of these exciting miniaturized fluorescent sensors and their applications for quantitative measurement of intracellular analytes are demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051552
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculations of river-runoff in the GISS GCM: impact of a new land-surface parameterization and runoff routing model on the hydrology of the Amazon River (1994)
    Springer
    Climate dynamics 10 (1994), S. 349-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0894
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. This study examines the impact of a new land-surface parameterization and a river routing scheme on the hydrology of the Amazon basin, as depicted by the NASA/Goddard Institute of Space Studies (GISS) global climate model (GCM). The more physically realistic land surface scheme introduces a vegetation canopy resistance and a six-layer soil system. The new routing scheme allows runoff to travel from a river's headwater to its mouth according to topography and other channel characteristics and improves the timing of the peak flow. River runoff is examined near the mouth of the Amazon and for all of its sub-basins. With the new land-surface parameterization, river runoff increases significantly and is consistent with that observed in most basins and at the mouth. The representation of the river hydrology in small basins is not as satisfactory as in larger basins. One positive impact of the new land-surface parameterization is that it produces more realistic evaporation over the Amazon basin, which was too high in the previous version of the GCM. The realistic depiction of evaporation also affects the thermal regime in the lower atmosphere in the Amazon. In fact, the lower evaporation in some portions of the basin reduces the cloudiness, increases the solar radiation reaching the ground, increases the net radiation at the surface, and warms the surface as compared to observations. Further GCM improvement is needed to obtain a better representation of rainfall processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003820050053
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculations of river-runoff in the GISS GGM: impact of a new land-surface parameterization and runoff routing model on the hydrology of the Amazon River (1994)
    Springer
    Climate dynamics 10 (1994), S. 349-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0894
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This study examines the impact of a new land-surface parameterization and a river routing scheme on the hydrology of the Amazon basin, as depicted by the NASA/Goddard Institute of Space Studies (GISS) global climate model (GCM). The more physically realistic land surface scheme introduces a vegetation canopy resistance and a six-layer soil system. The new routing scheme allows runoff to travel from a river's headwater to its mouth according to topography and other channel characteristics and improves the timing of the peak flow. River runoff is examined near the mouth of the Amazon and for all of its sub-basins. With the new land-surface parameterization, river run-off increases significantly and is consistent with that observed in most basins and at the mouth. The representation of the river hydrology in small basins is not as satisfactory as in larger basins. One positive impact of the new land-surface parameterization is that it produces more realistic evaporation over the Amazon basin, which was too high in the previous version of the GCM. The realistic depiction of evaporation also affects the thermal regime in the lower atmosphere in the Amazon. In fact, the lower evaporation in some portions of the basin reduces the cloudiness, increases the solar radiation reaching the ground, increases the net radiation at the surface, and warms the surface as compared to observations. Further GCM improvement is needed to obtain a better representation of rainfall processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00228032
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expect six issues in 1992 (1992)
    Springer
    Evolutionary ecology 6 (1992), S. 95-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8477
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02270704
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deem Ye Vole Love's Meed (1990)
    Springer
    Evolutionary ecology 4 (1990), S. 276-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8477
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02214336
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Populus (1991)
    Springer
    Evolutionary ecology 5 (1991), S. 219-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8477
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02214228
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculating speciation and extinction rates in fossil clades (1992)
    Springer
    Evolutionary ecology 6 (1992), S. 90-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8477
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02285336
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasmid macro-evolution: selection of deletions during adaptation in a nutrient-limited environment (1991)
    Springer
    Genetica 84 (1991), S. 195-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: Coevolution ; tetracycline-resistance ; Escherichia coli ; pBR322 ; plasmid deletion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Under conditions where plasmid-carriage is deleterious to the cell, evolutionary changes may be expected which result in an attenuation of the deleterious effect of the plasmid. During long-term growth in glucose-limited continuous culture, initiated with a single clone of Escherichia coli containing a derivative of the plasmid pBR322, a structural change arose in the plasmid and predominated in the plasmid-containing sector of the population. This variant possessed a 2.25 kb deletion encompassing the tetracycline resistance operon as well as a region of about 1.5 kb upstream from this operon. Competition experiments involving strains carrying the plasmid with the spontancous deletion, and strains carrying plasmids with artificially constructed deletions, revealed that deletion of this region of the plasmid, involving loss of tetracycline resistance, resulted in an increment in fitness of between 10 and 20%. From the magnitude of the growth advantage, we conclude that the attenuation of the deleterious effect of the plasmid was mainly due to a reduction in the plasmid mediated interference in the metabolism of the cell caused by a deletion of the tetracycline resistance gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00127247
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of aggregation and protein expression of bovine corneal endothelial cells as microcarrier cultures in a rotating-wall vessel (2000)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 32 (2000), S. 253-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: aggregation ; bovine corneal endothelial (BCE) cells ; kinetic model ; microcarrier beads ; protein expression ; rotating-wall vessel (RWV)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Rotating-wall vessels are beneficial to tissue engineering in that the reconstituted tissue formed in these low-shear bioreactors undergoes extensive three-dimensional growth and differentiation. In the present study, bovine corneal endothelial (BCE) cells were grown in a high-aspect rotating-wall vessel (HARV) attached to collagen-coated Cytodex-3 beads as a representative monolayer culture to investigate factors during HARV cultivation which affect three-dimensional growth and protein expression. A collagen type I substratum in T-flask control cultures increased cell density of BCE cells at confluence by 40% and altered the expression of select proteins (43, 50 and 210 kDa). The low-shear environment in the HARV facilitated cell bridging between microcarrier beads to form aggregates containing upwards of 23 beads each, but it did not promote multilayer growth. A kinetic model of microcarrier aggregation was developed which indicates that the rate of aggregation between a single bead and an aggregate was nearly 10 times faster than between two aggregate and 60 times faster than between two single beads. These differences reflect changes in collision frequency and cell bridge formation. HARV cultivation altered the expression of cellular proteins (43 and 70 kDa) and matrix proteins (50, 73, 89 and 210 kDa) relative to controls perhaps due to hypoxia, fluid flow or distortion of cell shape. In addition to the insight that this work has provided into rotating-wall vessels, it could be useful in modeling aggregation in other cell systems, propagating human corneal endothelial cells for eye surgery and examining the response of endothelial cells to reduced shear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008117410827
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