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  • 2015-2019  (788)
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  • 1
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    Double-edged-sword effect of IL-1β on the osteogenesis of periodontal ligament stem cells via crosstalk between the NF-κB, MAPK and BMP/Smad signaling pathways (2016)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-15
    Description: Double-edged-sword effect of IL-1β on the osteogenesis of periodontal ligament stem cells via crosstalk between the NF-κB, MAPK and BMP/Smad signaling pathways Cell Death and Disease 7, e2296 (July 2016). doi:10.1038/cddis.2016.204 Authors: C-y Mao, Y-g Wang, X Zhang, X-y Zheng, T-t Tang & E-y Lu
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4889
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 2
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    Hydraulic characteristics analysis of a bulb tubular turbine based on the CFD simulation and model test (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-31
    Description: With the strong demands on the further development of economy and energy, tidal energy, with own green and renewable advantages, has gained more and more attention, of which as the main application type, bulb tubular turbines have played an important role in the power exploitation. Characteristic of low head and large discharge, flow properties of a bulb turbine turn out to be more complicated, which seriously affects the actual operation performance of the station. To promote wide development of tidal energy, it is ritual to deeply dig into the performance of bulb turbine. In this paper, a bulb-type model turbine used for tidal energy is taken for example. By means of CFD method and model test, hydraulic specifications, like efficiency and cavitation properties, have been obtained and compared in case of different conditions. Through the contrast between numerical simulation and model test, a novel corrected method relative to the low-head tidal turbine is brought out for furth...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 3
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    Effects of dietary fibre source on microbiota composition in the large intestine of suckling piglets (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-23
    Description: This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary fibre sources on the gut microbiota in suckling piglets, and to test the hypothesis that a moderate increase of dietary fibre may affect the gut microbiota during the suckling period. Suckling piglets were fed different fibre-containing diets or a control diet from postnatal day 7 to 22. Digesta samples from cecum, proximal colon and distal colon were used for Pig Intestinal Tract Chip analysis. The data showed that the effects of fibre-containing diet on the gut microbiota differed in the fibre source and gut location. The alfalfa diet increased Clostridium cluster XIVb and Sporobacter termitidis in the cecum compared to the pure cellulose diet. Compared to the control diet, the alfalfa diet also increased Coprococcus eutactus in the distal colon, while the pure cellulose diet decreased Eubacterium pyruvativorans in the cecum. The pure cellulose diet increased Prevotella ruminicola compared to the wheat bran diet. Interestingly, the alfalfa group had the lowest abundance of the potential pathogen Streptococcus suis in the cecum and distal colon. These results indicated that a moderate increase in dietary fibres affected the microbial composition in suckling piglets, and that the alfalfa inclusion produced some beneficial effects on the microbial communities.
    Keywords: Environmental Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0378-1097
    Electronic ISSN: 1574-6968
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    DNA Pol {eta} confers CSCs resistance to cisplatin [Genetics] (2015)
    National Academy of Sciences
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    Publication Date: 2015-04-08
    Description: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) with enhanced tumorigenicity and chemoresistance are believed to be responsible for treatment failure and tumor relapse in ovarian cancer patients. However, it is still unclear how CSCs survive DNA-damaging agent treatment. Here, we report an elevated expression of DNA polymerase η (Pol η) in ovarian CSCs...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 5
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    A stable and efficient approach of Q reverse time migration (2018)
    Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈span〉〈div〉ABSTRACT〈/div〉Amplitude energy attenuation and phase distortion of seismic waves caused by formation viscoelasticity reduce the resolution of reverse time migration (RTM) images. 〈span〉Q〈/span〉-RTM often is used to compensate the attenuation effects and improve the resolution of seismic imaging. However, serious high-frequency noise and tremendous amplitude will be produced during the wavefield extrapolation of 〈span〉Q〈/span〉-RTM, resulting in its inability to be imaged. Many 〈span〉Q〈/span〉-RTM algorithms solve the problem of instability through low-pass filtering in the wavenumber domain, but the method is less efficient in computation and has a truncation effect in the wavefield. We have developed a stable and efficient 〈span〉Q〈/span〉-RTM method, in which a regularization term was introduced into the viscoacoustic wave equation to suppress the high-frequency noise, and the finite-difference method was used to solve the viscoacoustic wave equation with a regularization term. We used the model example to visually demonstrate the instability of wavefield extrapolation in 〈span〉Q〈/span〉-RTM and compared the effect and computational efficiency of the two stabilization processing methods, low-pass filtering and regularization. Meanwhile, our method is not involved in solving the fractional derivatives by using the pseudo-spectral method, the computational efficiency also can be improved. We tested the 〈span〉Q〈/span〉-RTM approach on a simple layered model, Marmousi model, and real seismic data. The results of numerical examples demonstrated that the 〈span〉Q〈/span〉-RTM method can solve the problem of instability effectively and obtain a higher resolution image with lower computational cost.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 0016-8033
    Electronic ISSN: 1942-2156
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG)
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  • 6
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    High-pressure behavior of the polymorphs of FeOOH (2016)
    Mineralogical Society of America
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-03
    Description: The high-pressure structural and electronic behavior of α-, β-, and -FeOOH were studied in situ using a combination of synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES). We monitored α-FeOOH by XES as a function of pressure up to 85 GPa and observed an electronic spin transition that began at approximately 50 GPa, which is consistent with previous results. In the -FeOOH sample, we see the initiation of a spin transition at 35 GPa that remains incomplete up to 65 GPa. β-FeOOH does not show any indication of a spin transition up to 65 GPa. Analysis of the high-pressure XRD data shows that neither β-FeOOH nor -FeOOH transform to new crystal structures, and both amorphize above 20 GPa. Comparing our EOS results for the β and phases with recently published data on the α and phases, we found that β-FeOOH exhibits distinct behavior from the other three polymorphs, as it is significantly less compressible and does not undergo a spin transition. A systematic examination of these iron hydroxide polymorphs as a function of pressure can provide insight into the relationship between electronic spin transitions and structural transitions in these OH- and Fe 3+ -bearing phases that may have implications on our understanding of the water content and oxidation state of the mantle.
    Print ISSN: 0003-004X
    Electronic ISSN: 1945-3027
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Mineralogical Society of America
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  • 7
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    Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein CIRP/hnRNP A18 regulates telomerase activity in a temperature-dependent manner (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-30
    Description: The telomerase is responsible for adding telomeric repeats to chromosomal ends and consists of the reverse transcriptase TERT and the RNA subunit TERC. The expression and activity of the telomerase are tightly regulated, and aberrant activation of the telomerase has been observed in 〉85% of human cancers. To better understand telomerase regulation, we performed immunoprecipitations coupled with mass spectrometry (IP-MS) and identified cold inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP or hnRNP A18) as a telomerase-interacting factor. We have found that CIRP is necessary to maintain telomerase activities at both 32°C and 37°C. Furthermore, inhibition of CIRP by CRISPR-Cas9 or siRNA knockdown led to reduced telomerase activities and shortened telomere length, suggesting an important role of CIRP in telomere maintenance. We also provide evidence here that CIRP associates with the active telomerase complex through direct binding of TERC and regulates Cajal body localization of the telomerase. In addition, CIRP regulates the level of TERT mRNAs. At the lower temperature, TERT mRNA is upregulated in a CIRP-dependent manner to compensate for reduced telomerase activities. Taken together, these findings highlight the dual roles that CIRP plays in regulating TERT and TERC, and reveal a new class of telomerase modulators in response to hypothermia conditions.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 8
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    Helicobacter pylori-induced matrix metallopeptidase-10 promotes gastric bacterial colonization and gastritis (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈p〉The interaction between gastric epithelium and immune response plays key roles in 〈i〉H. pylori〈/i〉–associated pathology. We demonstrated a procolonization and proinflammation role of MMP-10 in 〈i〉H. pylori〈/i〉 infection. MMP-10 is elevated in gastric mucosa and is produced by gastric epithelial cells synergistically induced by 〈i〉H. pylori〈/i〉 and IL-22 via the ERK pathway. Human gastric MMP-10 was correlated with 〈i〉H. pylori〈/i〉 colonization and the severity of gastritis, and mouse MMP-10 from non–BM-derived cells promoted bacteria colonization and inflammation. 〈i〉H. pylori〈/i〉 colonization and inflammation were attenuated in IL-22〈sup〉–/–〈/sup〉, MMP-10〈sup〉–/–〈/sup〉, and IL-22〈sup〉–/–〈/sup〉MMP-10〈sup〉–/–〈/sup〉 mice. MMP-10–associated inflammation is characterized by the influx of CD8〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 T cells, whose migration is induced via MMP-10–CXCL16 axis by gastric epithelial cells. Under the influence of MMP-10, Reg3a, E-cadherin, and zonula occludens–1 proteins decrease, resulting in impaired host defense and increased 〈i〉H. pylori〈/i〉 colonization. Our results suggest that MMP-10 facilitates 〈i〉H. pylori〈/i〉 persistence and promotes gastritis.〈/p〉
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Highly collimated monoenergetic target-surface electron acceleration in near-critical-density plasmas (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-04-02
    Description: Optimized-quality monoenergetic target surface electron beams at MeV level with low normalized emittance (0.03π mm mrad) and high charge (30 pC) per shot have been obtained from 3 TW laser-solid interactions at a grazing incidence. The 2-Dimension particle-in-cell simulations suggest that electrons are wake-field accelerated in a large-scale, near-critical-density preplasma. It reveals that a bubble-like structure as an accelerating cavity appears in the near-critical-density plasma region and travels along the target surface. A bunch of electrons are pinched transversely and accelerated longitudinally by the wake field in the bubble. The outstanding normalized emittance and monochromaticity of such highly collimated surface electron beams could make it an ideal beam for fast ignition or may serve as an injector in traditional accelerators.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 10
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    The velocity distribution in the solar neighbourhood from the LAMOST pilot survey (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-09
    Description: We use about 15 000 F/G nearby dwarf stars selected from the LAMOST pilot survey to map the U – V velocity distribution in the solar neighbourhood. An extreme deconvolution algorithm is applied to reconstruct an empirical multi-Gaussian model. In addition to the well-known substructures, e.g. Sirius, Coma Berenices, Hyades–Pleiades overdensities, several new substructures are unveiled. A ripple-like structure from ( U , V ) = (–120, –5) to (103, –32) km s –1 is clearly seen in the U – V distribution. This structure seems associated with resonance induced by the Galactic bar, since it is extended in U while having a small dispersion in V at the same time. A ridge structure between ( U , V ) = (–60, 40) and (–15, 15) km s –1 is also found. Although similar substructures have been seen in the Hipparcos data, their origin is still unclear. Another compact overdensity is seen at ( U , V ) = (–102, –24). With this large data sample, we find that the substructure located at V  ~ –70 km s –1 and the Arcturus group are essentially parallel in V , which may indicate that they originate from an unrelaxed disc component perturbed by the rotating bar.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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