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  • 2015-2019  (4)
  • 1
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    Egg-spot pattern and body size asymmetries influence male aggression in haplochromine cichlid fishes (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-11-20
    Description: Assessing an opponent’s strength is an important component of attack strategies in territorial combats between males. Body size is often considered to directly influence an individual’s strength, but other honest visual signals may also affect the assessment of opponents. Among such visual signals are the so-called egg-spots, a conspicuous ovoid marking on the anal fin of male haplochromine cichlid fishes, made up of carotenoid-containing and other pigment cells. It has long been assumed that egg-spots are mainly relevant in courtship and spawning behavior, and previous work has focused primarily on their function in intersexual selection. Recently, however, both body size and egg-spots have been suggested to play a role in male–male interactions. To test whether egg-spots function in female choice or whether egg-spots and/or body size function as a predictor of strength and the subsequent attack strategy in male–male interactions, we performed a series of behavioral experiments in the haplochromine cichlid Astatotilapia calliptera . The trials revealed a limited involvement of egg-spots in female choice, yet a much stronger influence in male interactions. Territorial males combined information from the strength assessment based on body size and egg-spots to adopt their attack strategies. They launched more attacks against the larger intruder with many egg-spots compared with the smaller intruder without or with fewer egg-spots. Our study provides evidence that egg-spots serve as honest visual signal and that the level of asymmetries in egg-spot pattern and body size determines the relative impact of each trait in strength assessment.
    Print ISSN: 1045-2249
    Electronic ISSN: 1465-7279
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Dynamics of opsin evolution in fish [Evolution] (2015)
    National Academy of Sciences
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-04
    Description: Single-gene and whole-genome duplications are important evolutionary mechanisms that contribute to biological diversification by launching new genetic raw material. For example, the evolution of animal vision is tightly linked to the expansion of the opsin gene family encoding light-absorbing visual pigments. In teleost fishes, the most species-rich vertebrate group, opsins...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 3
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    Environmental context for cichlid evolution [Evolution] (2016)
    National Academy of Sciences
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    Publication Date: 2016-10-19
    Description: Biologists rarely have access to reliable and detailed historical records of environmental conditions, and changes thereof, over extended periods of time. Where such data exist, they can be instrumental for understanding evolutionary processes by providing a framework for interpreting patterns of organismal diversification, supplementing biogeography, molecular evidence, and fossils. In...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 4
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    Evolutionary Fate of the Androgen Receptor-Signaling Pathway in Ray-Finned Fishes with a Special Focus on Cichlids (2015)
    Genetics Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-11-04
    Description: The emergence of the steroid system is coupled to the evolution of multicellular animals. In vertebrates in particular, the steroid receptor repertoire has been shaped by genome duplications characteristic to this lineage. Here, we investigate for the first time the composition of the androgen receptor–signaling pathway in ray-finned fish genomes by focusing in particular on duplicates that emerged from the teleost-specific whole-genome duplication. We trace lineage- and species-specific duplications and gene losses for the genomic and nongenomic pathway of androgen signaling and subsequently investigate the sequence evolution of these genes. In one particular fish lineage, the cichlids, we find evidence for differing selection pressures acting on teleost-specific whole-genome duplication paralogs at a derived evolutionary stage. We then look into the expression of these duplicated genes in four cichlid species from Lake Tanganyika indicating, once more, rapid changes in expression patterns in closely related fish species. We focus on a particular case, the cichlid specific duplication of the rac1 GTPase, which shows possible signs of a neofunctionalization event.
    Electronic ISSN: 2160-1836
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Genetics Society of America (GSA)
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