Publication Date:
2015-06-13
Description:
A study is presented of Artificial Ionospheric Turbulence (AIT) induced by HF heating at HAARP using frequencies close to the fourth electron gyro harmonic, in a broad range of radiated powers and using a number of different diagnostics. The diagnostics include GPS scintillations, ground based Stimulated Electromagnetic Emission (SEE), the HAARP ionosonde, Kodiak radar, and signals received at the Ukrainian Antarctic Station (UAS). The latter allowed analysis of waves scattered by the AIT into the ionospheric waveguide along Earth's terminator, 15.6 Mm from the HAARP facility. For the first time, the amplitude of two prominent SEE features, the downshifted maximum and broad upshifted maximum, were observed to saturate at ~50% of the maximum HAARP ERP. Nonlinear effects in slant total electron content (STEC), SEE, and signals received at UAS at different transmitted frequencies and intensities of the pump wave were observed. The correlations between the data from different detectors demonstrate that the scattered waves reach UAS by the waveguide along the Earth's terminator, and that they were injected into the waveguide by scattering off of artificial striations produced by AIT above HAARP, rather than via direct injection from side lobe radiation.
Print ISSN:
0148-0227
Topics:
Geosciences
,
Physics
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